Warianty tytułu
Is the Tax System Effectively Promoting Start-up and Capital Feed-up of Small and Medium Enterprises? (New Solutions)
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
Jednym z podstawowych ograniczeń rozwoju małych i średnich firm jest brak odpowiednich zasobów kapitału. Posiłkując się rozwiązaniami różnych krajów, autorka zaproponowała szereg nowych rozwiązań w systemie podatkowym państwa, które jej zdaniem powinny tę sytuację poprawić.
One of basic limitations of the development of small and medium enterprises is lack of proper capital resources. The solution to this problem lies in the sphere of creating an effective capital market. Changes in the tax system alone are not sufficient to play a deciding role in this question. However, taking into account the economic function of taxes, the construction of the tax system can be viewed as one of the elements leading to long-term changes in the sphere under discussion.
Taking experiences of other countries and Poland's situation into consideration one can outline the following areas of possible influence of the tax system:
(1) rules of taxation of dividends and interest from different forms of financial investments on one hand, and the problem of double taxation in the economic sense on the other; both elements are potential factors that limit interest in financial investments in shares and stocks,
(2) methods of depreciation of fixed assets because of the double role of depreciation: as an element of deductible costs, and as a potential source of finance,
(3) reduction of income tax rates as an element enabling the increase of reinvested profits,
(4) promotion of establishment of funds and capital institutions that invest in sectors of an increased risk, particularly in small and medium enterprises (venture capital),
(5) rules of taxation of profits from long-term financial investments,
(6) introduction of tax holidays for some kinds of newly established small and medium enterprises,
(7) introduction of the possibility of income tax and VAT deferment for tax-payers who undertake business activity for the first time,
(8) advantageous rules of taxation resulting from leasing which is an internationally proven method of investment applied in the case of insufficient resources of capital,
(9) promotion of technology and know-how transfer from big enterprises to medium and small firms.
The paper presents suggestions of new tax solutions in areas chosen from problems mentioned above. (original abstract)
Taking experiences of other countries and Poland's situation into consideration one can outline the following areas of possible influence of the tax system:
(1) rules of taxation of dividends and interest from different forms of financial investments on one hand, and the problem of double taxation in the economic sense on the other; both elements are potential factors that limit interest in financial investments in shares and stocks,
(2) methods of depreciation of fixed assets because of the double role of depreciation: as an element of deductible costs, and as a potential source of finance,
(3) reduction of income tax rates as an element enabling the increase of reinvested profits,
(4) promotion of establishment of funds and capital institutions that invest in sectors of an increased risk, particularly in small and medium enterprises (venture capital),
(5) rules of taxation of profits from long-term financial investments,
(6) introduction of tax holidays for some kinds of newly established small and medium enterprises,
(7) introduction of the possibility of income tax and VAT deferment for tax-payers who undertake business activity for the first time,
(8) advantageous rules of taxation resulting from leasing which is an internationally proven method of investment applied in the case of insufficient resources of capital,
(9) promotion of technology and know-how transfer from big enterprises to medium and small firms.
The paper presents suggestions of new tax solutions in areas chosen from problems mentioned above. (original abstract)
Słowa kluczowe
Rocznik
Tom
Numer
Strony
181--191
Opis fizyczny
Twórcy
autor
Bibliografia
- Aaron H.J.: U.S. Tax Reform: An Assessment. "Economic Impact" 1987 nr 5, s. 46.
- Belka M.: Reforma podatkowa w USA. "Finanse" 1988 nr 1.
- Brigham E.F.: Financial Management. Theory and Practice. Chicago 1985.
- Brigham E.F.: Fundamentals of Financial Management. Chicago 1986, s. 34.
- Burgess R., Stern N.: Taxation and Development. "Journal of Economic literature" Vol. XXXI (June 1993), s. 806-812.
- Kay J.A., King M.A.: The British Tax System. Oxford 1989, s. 1.
- Komar A.: Systemy podatkowe krajów Wspólnot Europejskich. Warszawa 1989.
- Ozaki N.: An Outline of Japanese Taxes. Tokyo 1988, s. 111.
- Pfletschinger E., Rossmann R.: Neue Mandaten-Informationen zur Steuerreform 1990 und zum Haushaltbegleigesetz. Bonn 1990, s. 2.
- Sarnacki J.: Venture Capital. Warszawa 1991, s. 5.
- Scharge M.: Eastern Europe's Greatest Need: A New Generation of Enterpreneurs. The Washington Post, March 29, 1991 - relacja z konferencji "Transition to a Market Economy - Institutional Aspects".
- Trela J., Whalley J.: Taxes, Outward Orientation, and Growth Performance in the Republic of Korea, Tax Policy. [w:] Developing Countries. The World Bank. Washington, D.C. 1991, s. 234.
- Young A.: Doing Business in the United Kingdom. London 1988, s. 14.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikatory
Identyfikator YADDA
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