Warianty tytułu
Analysis of Internationalisation Processes in Polish Enterprises
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
W artykule wykorzystano wyniki badań prowadzonych w ramach projektu ACE sponsorowanego przez fundusz Phare w okresie 1995-1997. Celem artykułu jest analiza zaangażowania polskich firm w operacje zagraniczne z podkreśleniem istotnej roli subcontractingu w działaniach eksportowych polskich przedsiębiorstw. Subcontracting, nazywany także podwykonawstwem, jest to działanie polegające na wykorzystaniu zagranicznych mocy produkcyjnych, w celu uzupełnienia niedoboru własnych lub zastąpienie ich tańszymi źródłami. Stwierdzono, że traktowanie przez wiele polskich firm subcontractingu jako podstawowej formy eksportu wskazuje na niski poziom ich internacjonalizacji.
The aim of the article is to analyse the involvement of the Polish firms in foreign operations, with an emphasis on the essential role of subcontracting in export activities of the Polish enterprises. The article makes use of the results of studies conducted under ACE project sponsored by the PHARE fund in the period of 1995-1997 which are partly a continuation of ACE project carried out in the years 1992-1993. As regards their foreign activities, the Polish enterprises are mainly involved in exports. Other forms of internationalisation, e.g. foreign direct investments, are still carried out relatively infrequently. The studies and observations indicate that a significant part of the Polish enterprises have entered the initial phase of the process of internationalisation, carrying out exports on the basis of the so-called subcontracting. Subcontracting is an activity using foreign production capacities in order to supplement one's own shortages or to replace them with cheaper sources. This form of export assumes that the whole of marketing-sales activities is carried out by the importer. Thus the exporter functions in accordance with the principles of anonymous strategy. His market activity is frequently concentrated on canvassing aimed at finding a foreign partner interested in cooperation. Subcontracting is an initial phase of internationalisation. Export activities are carried out regularly, however, without involving the enterprise's own resources and increasing its share in the market. The exporter depends to a large extent on the importer and the foreign partner dominates as regards capital, technology and market. Only the management of technological processes belongs to the exporter. The marketing department is not necessary to carry out the discussed form of sales. As regards marketing the exporter, as a rule, is mostly passive and acts according to the marketing strategy dominated by the buyer. The fact that the exporter does not have his own R&D department only aggravates his technological and market dependence on the foreign contractor. (original abstract)
Rocznik
Numer
Strony
66--79
Opis fizyczny
Twórcy
autor
Bibliografia
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikatory
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.ekon-element-000000004854
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