Działalność wspierająca państwa w handlu międzynarodowym (aspekty organizacyjne)

• Autorzy: Henryk Wojciechowski

Warianty tytułu

Supporting Activities of the State in Foreign Trade (Organizational Aspects)

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

Przedstawiono krótki rys historyczny rozwoju ubezpieczeń i gwarancji w handlu międzynarodowym. Omówiono środki i metody stosowane obecnie przez państwa w celu zapobiegania ryzyku eksportowemu i wspomagania wysiłku eksportowego. Są to działania pośrednie oraz działania wspomagające bezpośrednie obejmujące działalność subwencyjną, wspomaganie kredytowe i walutowe, działania dumpingowe, inicjacje organizacyjne, regulacje administracyjne. Przybliżono również problemy wspierania eksportu w Polsce.

EN

At the beginning of the article the author states that in contemporary international relations the state's support for economic entities (operating both in the sphere of trade exchange, production and economic cooperation) becomes more and more necessary. This thesis is verified against a rectrospective presentation of conditions under which this support originated and developed, first of all from the time of "great industrial revolution" of the 18/19th century. An important impulse which strengthened state control tendencies in international trade was new phenomena occurring in the world trade after World War II: liquidation of the era of colonialism and development of international trade in technological and investment goods. In result of the changes in global trade relations new forms of state's involvement in the operation of economic entities are developed. Apart from the previously used credits and export supporting guarantees, there appears a wide range of indirect financial support as well as a widely understood promotion activities and organisational-administrative regulations. Moreover, the main superpowers orientate their diplomatic activities towards the promotion of economic interests. Under these conditions the new opinions on the role of state in the development of the country's economic interests should be analysed and taken into account when constructing a new model of Poland's foreign trade. According to the author, Poland, entering international community, should more and more widely take advantage of this community's experiences and patterns as regards linking the state's interests with individual interests. Previous statements that under market economy the state should not be involved in the activities of economic entities turned out to be a myth. (original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

PL

Handel międzynarodowy; Ubezpieczenia międzynarodowe; Ryzyko handlowe; Wymiana międzynarodowa; Polityka handlu zagranicznego; Promocja eksportu; Handel zagraniczny; Wymiana handlowa

EN

International trade; International insurance; Trade risk; International exchange; Foreign trade policy; Export promotion; Foreign trade; Trade exchange

• Czasopismo: Zeszyty Naukowe. Seria 1 / Akademia Ekonomiczna w Poznaniu
• Rocznik: 1998
• Numer: nr 266
• Strony: 133--145

Twórcy

autor

Henryk Wojciechowski