Atrakcyjność klastrów dla bezpośrednich inwestycji zagranicznych (BIZ)

• Autorzy: Marta Goetz

Warianty tytułu

Clusters' Attractiveness for Foreign Investors

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

Artykuł traktuje o atrakcyjności klastrów dla bezpośrednich inwestycji zagranicznych na przykładzie NorCOM - klastra komunikacji bezprzewodowej oraz systemów komunikacji i nawigacji morskiej, zlokalizowanego w Północnej Jutlandii (Dania). Analizą objęto trzy źródła atrakcyjności: korzyści aglomeracji, środowisko korzystne dla procesów wiedzy i możliwość zmniejszania niepewności, której doświadczają zagraniczni inwestorzy.

EN

The paper aims at summarizing the research on clusters' attractiveness for foreign investors. It presents the results of thorough investigations carried out in one of the European clusters. Field studies, along with literature review both empirical and theoretical, had been conducted in NorCOM in Denmark. Although a vast of literature body is devoted to clusters, there seems to be an empty space concerning relations between clusters and FDIs. This paper aims at touching upon the issues missed by previous authors and it tentatively tries to bridge the existing gap in this particular research area. Specifically, the task of assessing clusters' attractiveness for foreign investors had been divided into three subtasks consisting in the investigation of possible sources of clusters' attractiveness for FDIs: pecuniary agglomeration economies, knowledge-conducive environment and business friendly atmosphere (e.g.lower transaction costs). The discussion, whether clusters might be an attractive place for FDIs, draws on confronting MNEs' expectations and motives while going abroad with clusters' features and mechanisms. It had been assumed that clusters' attractiveness for FDIs means that simultaneously: clusters provide agglomeration economies, knowledge spillovers, and reduced uncertainty level, and multinational enterprises (MNEs) pursuing FDIs are explicitly searching for these phenomena or at least regard them as important determinants while choosing location. To assure the most comprehensive and thorough investigation the analysis of possible clusters' attractiveness for FDIs had drawn on: theories provided by the literature, review of empirical studies done so far, as well as, on interviews carried out in NorCOM cluster. Overall conclusions suggest that clusters should be regarded as a factor enhancing regional attractiveness for FDIs. However, this seems to be of "relative" nature rather than "absolute" one. Moreover, thorough investigation of NorCOM case has revealed the importance foreign investors attached to local competences, which cluster shall provide. It also suggests that as far as FDI is regarded, the cluster's role shall not be confined only to attracting newcomers but also to maintaining the already existing ones. (original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

PL

Koncepcja klastrów; Inwestycje bezpośrednie; Inwestycje zagraniczne

EN

Cluster conception; Direct investments; Foreign investment

• Czasopismo: Zeszyty Naukowe / Szkoła Główna Handlowa. Kolegium Gospodarki Światowej
• Rocznik: 2006
• Numer: nr 20
• Strony: 8--23

Twórcy

autor

Marta Goetz

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