Firmy globalne od początku

• Autorzy: Marcin Berliński

Warianty tytułu

Born Global Firms

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

Celem artykułu jest omówienie zjawiska powstawania firm globalnych od początku. W literaturze przedmiotu brak jednej spójnej definicji tego typu organizacji. Ich wspólną cechą jest angażowanie się w działalność na rynkach zagranicznych natychmiast lub wkrótce po powstaniu, jednak czas ten również nie jest ściśle zdefiniowany. Zaprezentowane w artykule wyniki badań empirycznych i próby opracowania założeń teoretycznych, oparte przede wszystkim na analizie czynników sprzyjających szybkiej internacjonalizacji, stanowią, zdaniem autora, podstawy do dalszych rozważań.

EN

The article touches on a relatively new phenomenon in international business that is known as early internationalization of firms. Earlier theories conceptualized export development as gradual and sequential stages in which companies firstly decide to enter similar and geographically close markets. Empirical studies from the 1970s supported this view and laid the foundation for some theories of internationalization (e.g. Uppsala model). During the last l0-15 years, new empirical studies of the export behaviour of firms have challenged many findings reported in traditional internationalization literature. It has been proved that some companies do not develop in incremental stages with respect to their international activities. This pertains mainly to small and medium enterprises that use modern technologies and offer highly innovative products. These companies, called bom globals or international new ventures, adopt international and even global approach right from their birth or shortly thereafter. The phenomenon of early internationalizing firms has been recognized and described in many publications. However, a missing link in the research concerning born globals is the following question: Which theoretical framework should be applied to understand and explain the phenomenon. Some authors try to answer this question in the light of some of the most accepted theories in the field of international business. Others claim that the early internationalization cannot be explained by any of the existing theories. The aim of the article is to synthesize the results of empirical studies, highlight the causes of this phenomenon and analyze the existing theories as well as present the most recent theoretical models of early internationalization. (original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

PL

Globalizacja działań przedsiębiorstwa; Internacjonalizacja przedsiębiorstw; Konkurowanie na rynkach globalnych; Przedsiębiorstwo międzynarodowe; Model Uppsala

EN

Globalization of enterprise activity; Enterprise internationalization; Competing in global markets; International enterprise; Uppsala model

• Czasopismo: Zeszyty Naukowe / Szkoła Główna Handlowa. Kolegium Gospodarki Światowej
• Rocznik: 2006
• Numer: nr 20
• Strony: 132--151

Twórcy

autor

Marcin Berliński

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