Brain drain czy brain gain : kilka uwag dotyczących skutków gospodarczych emigracji osób wykwalifikowanych

• Autorzy: Jan Brzozowski

Warianty tytułu

Brain Drain or Brain Gain : Some Observations on the Results of Economic Emigration of Qualified Individuals

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

Migracja osób wysoko wykwalifikowanych, proces powszechnie określany w literaturze ekonomicznej jako drenaż mózgów zdobywa coraz więcej zainteresowania wśród badaczy. Dzięki temu zainteresowaniu zaczęto przypisywać mu oprócz negatywnych konsekwencji również pozytywnie przynoszące krajom emigracji wymierne korzyści. Okazało się również, że migracje te nie mają jednokierunkowego charakteru. Omówiono mobilność wykwalifikowanych kadr w ujęciu ilościowym. Przedstawiono także klasyfikację migracji tych osób oraz ewolucję definicji pojęcia drenaż mózgu i nowe wyzwania badawcze, które to za sobą pociąga.

EN

The migration of highly qualified individuals, a process commonly referred to in economics literature as brain drain, is garnering ever more interest among researchers. The process is currently gathering strength thanks to mechanisms introduced by more developed countries, which have introduced immigration policies to promote qualified individuals. However, the character, directions and dynamics of the process have all changed. No longer is migration occurring exclusively from developing to developed countries, and hence consolidating the divisions between the wealthy north and the poor south, and reflecting the global inequality in the new world order. Qualified individuals now more frequently migrate for seasonal and cyclical work, and the direction of migration patterns is not necessarily always to the most developed countries. The need therefore has arisen to redefine the process, both in terms of what it is called as well as the possible economic implications. The aim of the article is to present the scale of migration patterns of qualified individuals today, the controversy surrounding research terminology, and an abbreviated presentation of the modern debate on the economic effects of migration of such individuals for the sending country. (original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

PL

Pracownicy wykwalifikowani; Emigracja zarobkowa; Drenaż mózgów

EN

Qualified workers; Economic emigration; Brain exchange

• Czasopismo: Studia i Prace Wydziału Ekonomii i Stosunków Międzynarodowych / Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie
• Rocznik: 2011
• Numer: nr 3
• Strony: 7--26

Twórcy

autor

Jan Brzozowski

• Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie

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