Zjawisko platformy eksportowej na przykładzie zachowań inwestycyjnych amerykańskich korporacji w Unii Europejskiej

• Autorzy: Małgorzata Żmuda

Warianty tytułu

Export Platform FDI as a Strategy of US Corporations in the European Union

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

Jedną ze strategicznych odpowiedzi korporacji transnarodowych na liberalizację wymiany handlowej w ramach regionalnych ugrupowań integracyjnych jest lokowanie inwestycji bezpośrednich w jednym z krajów członkowskich, a następnie eksport większości produkcji do pozostałych krajów regionu. Na podstawie tej obserwacji sformułowana została teoria platformy eksportowej dla bezpośrednich inwestycji zagranicznych (export platform foreign direct investment), w myśl której członkostwo w ugrupowaniu integracyjnym, przy jednoczesnym oferowaniu szczególnie dogodnych warunków inwestycyjnych przyczynić się może do wzrostu atrakcyjności małego kraju dla kapitału korporacji transnarodowych spoza regionu. Szczególną rolę odgrywają przy tym korzystne rozwiązania fiskalne, których potencjał może zostać zrealizowany, gdy ugrupowanie integracyjne utworzy jednolity rynek wewnętrzny. Dla zobrazowania tego zjawiska, w artykule analizie poddano najważniejsze lokalizacje amerykańskich inwestycji bezpośrednich w Unii Europejskiej na przestrzeni ostatnich dwudziestu lat. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono małym krajom członkowskim UE oraz wzrostowi ich atrakcyjności dla kapitału amerykańskiego po utworzeniu jednolitego rynku europejskiego. (abstrakt oryginalny)

EN

One of the strategic responses of transnational corporations to the regional trade liberalisation is locating foreign direct investments in one of the member states of integration grouping, and then exporting most of the output to other countries in the region. On the basis of this observation, the theory of export platform foreign direct investment has been formulated. According to this theory, membership in the regional integration grouping together with offering favourable conditions for foreign investment may contribute to an increased attractiveness of the small country to the capital of transnational corporations from outside the region. Fiscal incentives play here a significant role; however, their potential can be fully realised only when a single market has been created. To illustrate this phenomenon, this paper carries out an analysis of the main locations of the US direct investment in the European Union over the past twenty years. Special attention is given to small EU member states and their increased attractiveness to American capital after creation of the Single European Market. (original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

PL

Inwestycje zagraniczne; Inwestycje bezpośrednie; Korporacje międzynarodowe

EN

Foreign investment; Direct investments; International corporation

• Czasopismo: Unia Europejska.pl
• Rocznik: 2012
• Numer: nr 1 (212)
• Strony: 21--30

Twórcy

autor

Małgorzata Żmuda

• Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie, doktorantka

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