Vplyv pohlavia, vzdelania, vierovyznania a veku na spiritualitu v dospelej populácii

• Autorzy: Ivan Farský , Katarína Žiaková , Igor Ondrejka

Warianty tytułu

Impact of Gender, Education Level, Denomination and Age to Spirituality in Adults

• Języki publikacji: SK

Abstrakty

EN

In the last years there is a growing discussion about importance of spirituality in the health care. Majority of research accepted potential healing influence of spirituality. But spirituality is still more unclear than clear concept. Purpose of this study was to compare selected spiritual variables (hope, meaning of life, spiritual experiences and spiritual wellbeing) in groups of healthy adults divided by gender, educational level and denomination. We examined relationship among age and spiritual variables, too. We found out no significant differences among men and women in spiritual variables. In depending on educational level we found out significant differences in spiritual well-being. Respondents with university education had significant lower level of spiritual well-being than respondents with secondary education. In accordance to denomination we found out significant differences in level of hope and spiritual well-being. Those who had different denomination as catholic or evangelical had the highest level of hope and those with any denomination had higher level of spiritual well-being than non-believers. Age had negative significant relationship only with spiritual well-being. On the one hand, our findings confirm that spirituality is a universal phenomenon that occurs in all people, whether recognized or not. On the other hand, confirm opinion of researchers who emphasize the particular personality and individuality of spirituality. (original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Woman; Demography; Men; Human personality; Human needs

PL

Kobieta; Demografia; Mężczyzna; Osobowość człowieka; Potrzeby człowieka

• Czasopismo: Humanum. Międzynarodowe Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne
• Rocznik: 2011
• Numer: nr 6 (1)
• Strony: 275--284

Twórcy

autor

Ivan Farský

• Institute of Nursing, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia

autor

Katarína Žiaková

• Institute of Nursing, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia

autor

Igor Ondrejka

• Clinic of Psychiatry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Commenius University, Slovakia

Bibliografia

• MCSHERRY W.: The Meaning of Spirituality and Spiritual Care within Nursing and Health Care Practise. Quay Books Division, London 2007
• STRIŽENEC M.: Novšie psychologicke pohľady na religiozitu a spiritualitu. SAV: Bratislava 2007
• MILLER L., KELLEY B. S.: Relationships of religiosity and spirituality with mental health and psychopathology. In Handbook of the psychology of religion and spirituality. Eds. R. F. Paloutzian, C. L. Park. Guilford Press, New York 2005.pp. 460-478
• ŘIČAN P.: Psychologie naboženstvi. Portal, Praha 2002
• SNYDER C.R. et al: The will and the Ways: Development and Validation of an Individiual- Differences Measure of Hope. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1991, Vol. 60, n. 4, pp.570-585
• HALAMA P.: Slovenska verzia Snyderovej škaly nadeje: Preklad a adaptacia. Československa psychologie. 2001, Vol.45, n. 2, pp. 265-276
• HALAMA P.: Vyvin a konštrukcia škaly životnej zmysluplnosti. Československa psychologie. 2002, Vol.46, n. 3, pp. 265-276.
• HALAMA P.: Zmysel života z pohľadu psychologie. SAP, Bratislava 2007.
• ŘIČAN P.: Psychologie naboženstvi a spirituality. Portal, Praha 2007.
• ŘIČAN P., JANOŠOVA P.: Spirituality: its psychologogical operationalization via measurement of individual differences. A Czech perspective. Studia Psychologica. 2005, Vol.47, n.2, pp.157-165.
• PALOUTZIAN R. F., ELLISON, C.W.: Loneliness, spiritual well-being and quality of life. In Loneliness: A sourcebook of current theory, research and therapy. Eds. L. Peplau, D. Perlman. NY: Wiley Intescience, 1982, s. 224-237
• McBRIDE, J. L. et al: The Relationship Between a Patient's Spirituality and Health Experiences. Fam Med. 1998, Vol. 30, n.2, pp. 122-6
• STEGER M. F. et al:. The Meaning in Life Questionnaire: Assessing the Presence of and Search for Meaning in Life. Journal of Counseling Psychology. 2006, Vol. 53, n. 1, pp.80-93
• MOADEL, A. et al: Seeking meaning and hope: Self-reported spiritual and existential needs among an ethnically-diverse cancer patient population. Psycho-Oncology. 1999, Vol. 8, pp. 378-385.
• GOMEZ R., FISHER J.: Item Response Theory Analysis of the Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire. Personality and Individual Differences. Vol. 38, pp. 1107-1121
• BAETZ, M. et al: How Spiritual Values and Worship Attendance Relate to Psychiatric Disorders in the Canadian Population. Can J Psychiatry. 2006, Vol. 51, n. 10, pp.654- 661
• BELLAMY C.D. et al: Relevance of spirituality for people with mental illness attending consumer-centered services. Psychiatr Rehabil J. 2007, Vol. 30, n.4, pp. 287-94.
• MASELKO J., KUBZANSKY L.D.: Gender Differences in Religious Practices, Spiritual Experiences and Health: Results from the General Social Survey. Social Science and Medicine. 2006, roč. 62, s.2848-2860.
• HENDRICKS-FERGUSON V.: Relationships of age and gender to hope and spiritual well-being among adolescents with cancer. J Pediatr Oncol Nurs. 2006, Vol. 23, n.4, pp. 189-99.
• VAHIA I.V. et al: Correlates of spirituality in older women. Aging & Mental Health. 2011, Vol. 15, n.1, pp.97-102
• SU T.J. et al.: Factors Related to Meaning of Life in Taiwanese Women Treated with In Vitro Fertilization. J Formos Med Assoc. 2006, Vol. 105, n. 5, pp. 404-413