Fenomen przedsiębiorczości akademickiej : mit czy rzeczywistość w perspektywie przyspieszenia rozwoju regionalnego w Europie?

• Autorzy: Adam Oleksiuk

Warianty tytułu

The Phenomenon of Academic Enrepreneurship : Myth or Reality in the Perspective of a Rapid Development of Regions in Europe?

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

Opracowanie poświęcono problematyce przedsiębiorczości akademickiej. Zgodnie z powyższą koncepcją, motywacje przyświecające ludziom nauki stanowią główny czynnik powstawania uniwersyteckich przedsiębiorstw typu spin-off w USA. Pomimo złożoności tego procesu literatura empiryczna poświęca stosunkowo niewiele uwagi poszczególnym "akademickim" cechom uniwersyteckich firm typu spin-off , rzadko uwzględniając specyfikę przedsiębiorczości uniwersyteckiej, a zwłaszcza rolę naukowców jako przedsiębiorców. Dane empiryczne wskazują, że Europa jest mniej skuteczna niż USA w zakresie transferu wiedzy z uczelnianych laboratoriów do regionalnej gospodarki za pośrednictwem firm typu spin-off . Jedną z potencjalnych przyczyn takiego stanu rzeczy jest fakt, że instytucje determinujące charakter systemu badawczego kontynentalnej Europy stanowią przeszkodę dla powstawania przedsiębiorców akademickich. Tym samym główne pytanie badawcze postawione w pracy dotyczy kwestii, czy owe specyficzne "akademickie" czynniki tworzenia uniwersyteckich przedsiębiorstw typu spin-off faktycznie występują w kontekście kontynentalnej Europy. Kolejne, zbliżone do powyższego pytanie brzmi następująco: czy profesjonalne cechy ludzi świata nauki, ich kapitał społeczny, normy funkcjonowania świata akademickiego oraz środowisko działania biznesu sprzyjają czy też ograniczają powyższe motywacje akademickie? Opracowanie powstało na podstawie literatury przedmiotu oraz własnych doświadczeń dotyczących prezentowanej problematyki.(abstrakt oryginalny)

EN

The article is devoted to the problem of academic entrepreneurship. According to this concept, motivation expressed by the scientists is the main factor for the creation of spin-off university entrepreneurships in the United States. Despite the complexity of this process, empirical literature does not include much information about the "academic" attributes of the spin-off university companies. It hardly ever considers the specific nature of university entrepreneurship and the role of scientists as entrepreneurs. Empirical data shows that Europe is less effective than the United States with respect to transfer of knowledge from university labs to regional markets through spin-off companies. One of the reasons of this situation is that institutions which shape the system of research in Continental Europe bring obstacles for academic entrepreneurs. Therefore, the main research problem discussed in the article relates to the questions: Do those specific "academic" factors for creation of spin-off university entrepreneurships appear in the context of Continental Europe? Are professional characteristics of scientists, their social capital, rules of functioning in the academic world and the business environment encourage or hinder the motivation mentioned above? Th e article is based on the subject literature and personal findings concerning the presented range of problems.(original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

PL

Szkolnictwo wyższe; Transfer wiedzy; Przedsiębiorczość; Patenty; Innowacje; Przegląd literatury; Przedsiębiorczość akademicka

EN

Higher education; Knowledge transfer; Entrepreneurship; Patent; Innovations; Literature review; Academic entrepreneurship

• Czasopismo: Kwartalnik Naukowy Uczelni Vistula
• Rocznik: 2013
• Numer: nr 1(35)
• Strony: 73--92

Twórcy

autor

Adam Oleksiuk

• Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie

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