Role of Green Areas for Space Integration of Kraków's Metropolitan Area

• Autorzy: Hanna Hrehorowicz-Gaber
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The Kraków Metropolitan Area (KOM) is a specific functional region comprising a big city that is the Kraków metropolis, together with its neighbouring complex of settlements with a variety of mutual interactions. The social and economic space requires multi-dimensional enhancement of its interrelations and partial rehabilitation of its developed areas; it constitutes, at the same time, a potential which strengthens the position of Kraków as a European city. A clear structure of the metropolitan area and its internal links through green seams provide the basis for functional and spatial integration of the metropolis. The greenery, comprised in larger natural structures such as river parks and green wedges, enhances the area's polycentric concept. The shaping of the urban tissue of Kraków and its suburban zone by composing and building a network of open spaces is the basic criterion for developing a coherent metropolitan area with a sustainable structure. Many problems of the urban environment and its surroundings can be fully understood through their analyses in various scales. In order to better illustrate this complex system of interrelations, reference should be made in analyses to the macroregional scale then narrowing them to the regional scale, to ultimately go down to the metropolis. The issues covered in the paper concern open areas which should not be discussed without a broader spectrum because the notion of green areas is understood to mean primarily spaces which are networked and intertwined with the settlement structure. Some of them are clear, for instance the greenery which accompanies water courses, and easy to identify. Marshlands are mostly linearly continuous and this makes them coherent in their nature. Other green areas (apart from larger forest complexes) are not of essential significance for the integration of the metropolis. The example of Kraków shows that the KOM (1) has a big potential expressed through its natural environment in the form of green areas. The anthropopressure, however, is so high that open spaces are being absorbed by developments. It is riverside areas which have retained a clear structure of interrelations and they should be perceived as the future for the links in the metropolitan area. (original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Metropolitan area; Protection of green areas; Geographic space; Natural environment; Urban environment; Spatial development; Spatial structure

PL

Obszar metropolitalny; Ochrona terenów zielonych; Przestrzeń geograficzna; Środowisko przyrodnicze; Środowisko miejskie; Zagospodarowanie przestrzenne; Struktura przestrzenna

• Czasopismo: Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series
• Rocznik: 2015
• Numer: No. 28
• Strony: 69--76

Twórcy

autor

Hanna Hrehorowicz-Gaber

• Cracow University of Technology, Poland

Bibliografia

• Gołąb-Korzeniowska, M., 2011: Zielona struktura Krakowskiego obszaru Metropolitalnego jako element strategicznej interwencji, (Green structure of Kraków Metropolitan Area as an element of strategic intervention - in Polish). In: Kraków Technical Transactions series 1-A/2011, Issue 10, Year 108, Kraków: Cracow University of Technology, pp. 127-134.
• Hrehorowicz-Gaber, H. and Sikora, A., 2013: The dynamics of human-induced transformations of landscape in the sub-mountainous region on the example of metropolitan areas in south-east Poland. In: Wisnik Teorja i Praktika budiwnictwa, Lviv: Nacjonalnyj Uniwesitet "Lwiwska politechnika", No. 756/2013, pp. 56-62.
• Korcelli-Olejniczak, E., 2012: Region metropolitalny struktura przestrzenna dynamika, (Metropolitan region spatial structure dynamics - in Polish). In: Prace Geograficzne, No. 235, Warszawa: IGiPZ PAN.
• Mapa roślinności rzeczywistej Miasta Krakowa, (Vegation map of Kraków City - in Polish), available at: http://zielony-krakow.um.krakow.pl:280/rosl/pl/, DoA: 28 December 2013.
• Pociask-Karteczka, J., 1994: Przemiany stosunków wodnych na Obszarze Krakowa (Water conditions transformation in Kraków territory - in Polish). In: Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego MCXLIV, Prace Geograficzne, Z. 96, pp. 7-53.
• Trafas, K. editor 1988: Atlas Miasta Krakowa (Kraków City atlas - in Polish), Warszawa-Wrocław: Instytut Geografii UJ, Wydział Geodezji i Gospodarki Gruntami, PPWK im. E. Romera.
• Węcławowicz-Bilska, E., 2008: Tereny o funkcji wypoczynku i lecznictwa uzdrowiskowego w obszarach metropolitalnych, (Green areas in metropolitan city, Recreation and health resort functions - in Polish). In: Kraków Technical Transactions Series, 5-A/2008, Issue 14, Year 105, Kraków: Cracow University of Technology, pp. 37-60.
• Zachariasz, A., 2006: Zieleń jako współczesny czynnik miastotwórczy ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem roli parków publicznych (Green areas as a modern town creating factor with particular role of public parks - in Polish). In: Monography. Series Architecture, No. 336, Kraków: Cracow University of Technology.
• Zaleski, J., Bojarski, A., Grela, J., Gręplowska, Z., Kondel, B. and Nachlik, E., 2011: Program ochrony przed powodzią w dorzeczu górnej Wisły (Flood protection program in Upper Vistula basin - in Polish), available at: http://www.malopolska.uw.gov.pl/index. aspx?page=dorzecze_gornej_wisly, DoA: 29 December 2013.