Czasopismo
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7--21
Tytuł artykułu
Autorzy
Warianty tytułu
Prudential Regulations
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
Od połowy lat siedemdziesiątych obserwuje się stały, nieproporcjonalnie duży w stosunku do rozmiarów działalności banków, wzrost zagrożenia ryzykiem na międzynarodowych rynkach finansowych. Oprócz tradycyjnego ryzyka kredytowego istotnego znaczenia w działalności banków nabrało ryzyko spowodowane zmianami stopy procentowej i zmianami kursów walut, a w ostatnich latach także ryzyka związane z transakcjami dotyczącymi instrumentów pochodnych. Ryzyka nie można całkowicie uniknąć. Nie należy wszakże zapominać, że bez podejmowania ryzyka nie byłoby możliwe osiąganie zysków. Ogólne ramy, w których kierownictwo banku może podejmować ryzyko wytaczają obowiązujące normy prawne. Wzrost zagrożenia ryzykiem oraz pojawienie się jego nowych rodzajów powoduje ciągłą modyfikację przepisów prawa i zasad nadzoru bankowego. (fragment tekstu)
In the activity of banks, in addition to traditional credit risk, other risks that have gained importance are those arising out of interest rate changes and currency fluctuations, and in recent years, the risks associated with transactions in futures, options, and financial swaps. Banks, as institutions of public trust, are required to ensure that their activities are secure, i.e. ensuring security of deposits. The management of bank, through a strategy of action, should determine an acceptable level of risk, as well as a profit target to be achieved. By engaging into lending activities, bank receives a greater return on its assets, assuming proper risk management. The aim of bank's operation is not to strive to maximize the value of the bank, only by reducing the risk, but also by ensuring an adequate level of profits in the future. Therefore, in determining the profile of its business activity, bank should strive to maintain balance between the risks incurred and the profit derived from its activities. The general framework within which bank's management may undertake risk is set out by legal regulations. Increase in risk exposure and the emergence of new types of risk result in continuous modification of law and the principles of banking supervision. Among the instruments of impact on banks used by banking supervision, the most important place is occupied by prudential regulations, often also referred to as parametric instruments of banking supervision. They define the minimum legislative requirements to limit excessive risk taking and increase the security level of the banking system. Institutional standards, which have a direct impact on the construction of loan portfolio, include, among others adequacy ratio and limits on large exposures. Standards established by legislature must be considered by banks as injunctions, which must be strictly observed. Policy oversight of the banking market and prudential regulations were created basically in response to the Great Depression. The originally defined principles of supervision, as well as individual regulations have evolved and are still subject to changes. The most important forum for the coordination of banking supervision issues responsible for shaping international standards in banking is the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (Basel Committee). Solutions recommended by the Basel Committee have found their direct reflection in the directives of the European Communities. Implementation of the provisions of the Directives into national laws takes place through amendment of existing resolutions of the Financial Supervision Commission (KNF) and issue of recommendations to banks, on the basis of Article 137 paragraph 5 of the Act on Banking Law and the Article 11 Paragraph 1 of the Act on financial market supervision. Resolution is an executive regulation to the banking law, transposing revised directives of the European Parliament and the Council into the national regulatory provisions. (original abstract)
Czasopismo
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Strony
7--21
Opis fizyczny
Twórcy
autor
autor
Bibliografia
- Jaworski W.L., Zawadzka Z., Bankowość, Poltext, Warszawa 2002.
- Koleśnik J., Nowa Bazylejska Umowa Kapitałowa wyrazem globalizacji bankowości, konferencja Naukowa: Finanse, bankowość i ubezpieczenia wobec procesów globalizacji, Gdańsk-Jurata 2003.
- Koleśnik J., Rewieński M., Zabezpieczenia w bankowości - aspekty prawne i wymogi regulacyjne, Wolters Kliwer Polska Sp. z o.o., Warszawa 2008.
- Raport o stabilności systemu finansowego, NBP, Grudzień 2010 rok.
- Zaleska M., Współczesna Bankowość, Difin, Warszawa 2007.
- Zawadzka Z., Zarządzanie ryzykiem w banku komercyjnym, POLTEXT, Warszawa 1996.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikatory
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.ekon-element-000171357135