The Effects of Economic Reforms in India in the Early 1990s

• Autorzy: Vijay Narayanan , Ikemefuna Allen , Nahidah Naser

Warianty tytułu

Skutki reform gospodarczych w Indiach z początku lat 90. XX wieku

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The aim of this paper is to understand the economic reforms that were undertaken in the late 1980s and early 1990s in India and their relevance today. The study is based on a literature review. The findings from the literature review are validated from data on growth at the national and regional levels. It was found that much of the effects of the reforms are relevant even today in the Indian context. There has been a positive impact on growth due to liberalisation policies. Economic indicators such as GDP and FDI have been on an increasing trend. The removal of trade barriers has had a positive effect on industry. Employment opportunities have increased in both rural and urban areas resulting in a reduction in unemployment. On the negative side, the observed growth is not inclusive. There has been regional a disparity in growth among the different states with some states growing faster than others. Moreover, not all sectors enjoy the benefits of liberalisation. The agriculture sector, for example, has not seen any or at least very few reforms. Thus to sum up, the government of India needs to continue the reforms and ensure that the benefits of an open market reaches one and all. (original abstract)

Celem niniejszej pracy jest zrozumienie reform gospodarczych, które zostały podjęte w latach 80. i na początku lat 90. w Indiach, oraz ocena ich znaczenia dzisiaj. Badanie opiera się na przeglądzie literatury. Wnioski są sprawdzane na podstawie danych dotyczących wzrostu na poziomie krajowym i regionalnym. Stwierdzono, że wiele skutków reform jest istotnych nawet obecnie w indyjskim kontekście. W wyniku polityki liberalizacji nastąpił rozwój gospodarczy. Wskaźniki ekonomiczne, takie jak PKB i BIZ, mają tendencję wzrostową. Usunięcie barier handlowych wywarło pozytywny wpływ na przemysł. Możliwości zatrudnienia wzrosły w obu obszarach, wiejskim i miejskim, co powoduje zmniejszenie bezrobocia. Odnotowano regionalne rozbieżności wzrostu wśród różnych państw, w niektórych jest on szybszy niż w innych. Co więcej, nie wszystkie sektory czerpią korzyści z liberalizacji. Sektor rolnictwa, na przykład, nie odczuł żadnej reformy (lub tylko nieliczne). Podsumowując, rząd Indii musi kontynuować reformy i zapewnić, że korzyści płynące z otwartego rynku będą dostępne dla wszystkich. (abstrakt oryginalny)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Economic reforms; Economic growth; Laissez faire

PL

Reformy gospodarcze; Wzrost gospodarczy; Liberalizm gospodarczy

• Czasopismo: Horyzonty Polityki
• Rocznik: 2015
• Tom: 6
• Numer: nr 17 European Economy and Geopolitics
• Strony: 129--147

Twórcy

autor

Vijay Narayanan

• Cracow University of Economics, Poland, PhD student

autor

Ikemefuna Allen

• Cracow University of Economics, Poland, PhD student

autor

Nahidah Naser

• Cracow University of Economics, Poland, PhD student

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Identyfikatory

DOI

10.17399/HP.2015.061707