Ю.М. Лотмана, cемиосфера в теоретико-методологической концепции

• Autorzy: Wojciech Słomski

Warianty tytułu

Cemiosfera in Theoretical and Methodological Concepts Y.M. Lotman

• Języki publikacji: RU

Abstrakty

EN

Approach to assessing the scientific activities of Yuri Lotman terms of its relationship to semiotics, should pay attention to the history of the development of ideas about this area of knowledge. The basic principles of semiotics formulated in the nineteenth century, the American philosopher Charles Sanders Peirce. In the twentieth century semiotics took linguistic bias influenced by the ideas of the founder of structural linguistics of Ferdinand de Saussure and the founder of the Danish linguistic structuralism Louis Elmeleva (structural linguistics), and philosophical bias influenced by the ideas of the American philosopher Charles Morris. In 1960-1970, two years formed the school of semiotics. Among the active members of the French school is usually referred Claude Levi-Strauss, Algirdas Greimas, Tzvetan Todorov, Roland Barthes and his apprentice - Julia Kristeva. Another school - the so-called Tartu-Moscow, which is represented by the names of YM Lotman, ZG Mintz, I.A.Chernova (Tartu), VN Topo, Viacheslav. Ivanov, BA Assumption, II Revzin (Moscow). In Russia, the most comprehensive and consistent development of the idea of structural and semiotic school got in the works of Yuri Lotman (1922-1993). He made an enormous contribution to cultural studies for his research in the field of Russian culture in many of its fields in terms of semiotics. At the same time he is credited with the development of the general theory of self-culture, which Lotman considered as an open system of signs and structures. He believed that this system includes a natural language in addition to many other symbolic systems, including all forms of art. It is important that the culture - this "text", there is always a certain "context", and the mechanism that creates an infinite variety of cultural "texts", and long-term collective memory selectively transmitting in time and space of intellectual and emotional information. In this sense, the work is of great importance YM Lotman's "Culture and Explosion" (1992), in which he explored the positions of semiotics distinction between "explosive" socio-cultural processes in Russia, with its controversial dihotolineynoy culture and Western culture, which is characterized by a more gradual and less destructive development.(original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Semiotics; Philosophy; Knowledge

PL

Semiotyka; Filozofia; Wiedza

• Czasopismo: Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne
• Rocznik: 2013
• Numer: nr 1
• Strony: 197--217

Twórcy

autor

Wojciech Słomski

• ISM Slovakia