Platformy spółdzielcze jako próba rewizji korporacyjnego modelu gospodarki współdzielonej

• Autorzy: Karolina Mikołajewska-Zając , Olga Rodak

Warianty tytułu

Cooperative platforms as an attempt to revise the corporate model of sharing economy

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

Gospodarka współdzielona (sharing economy) miała być zjawiskiem, które doprowadzi do reformy systemu społeczno-ekonomicznego. Tymczasem spieniężanie pracy społeczności współpracujących na rzecz budowy portali takich jak Uber czy Airbnb spowodowało raczej wykształcenie się modelu kapitalizmu, w którym rolą firmy jest pozycjonowanie się jako pośrednika transakcji pomiędzy dostarczycielami i odbiorcami usług. Niepożądane skutki "kapitalizmu platform" to między innymi nadmierna koncentracja własności oraz rozluźnienie stosunku pracy. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza zjawiska spółdzielczości platformowej, czyli ruchu, który stawia sobie za cel rewizję obecnego kierunku rozwoju gospodarki współdzielonej poprzez proponowanie alternatywnej formy własności platform i zarządzania nimi. Napięcie pomiędzy korporacyjnym i spółdzielczym modelem gospodarki współdzielonej, które autorki interpretują jako przejaw "podwójnego ruchu" w terminologii Karla Polanyiego, eksponuje wyzwania związane z definiowaniem szeregu zagadnień kluczowych dla nauk ekonomicznych, takich jak granice pracy, modele dystrybucji zysków i zarządzania czy definicja innowacji. (abstrakt oryginalny)

EN

Sharing economy was supposed to be a phenomenon leading to a reform of the socio-economic system. However, monetization of work performed by online communities collaborating towards creation and maintenance of portals such as Uber and Airbnb triggered the formation of a model of capitalism which rests upon the idea of corporation as a broker in transactions between individual providers and the recipients of services. The adverse effects of "platform capitalism", i.e., excessive concentration of ownership and relaxation of employment, have led to a countermovement, namely platform cooperativism. This article analyses the phenomenon of platform cooperativism, that is, the movement which aims at revising the current direction of the development of sharing economy by suggesting an alternative, socially-distributed ownership and management model. In order to achieve that, we expose the main tensions accompanying the expansion of sharing economy which is interpreted as a "double movement" in Karl Polanyi's terminology, or public opposition to the commodification of further spheres of social life. We contend that the tensions between corporate sharing economy and platform cooperatives touch upon issues critical to economic theory, such as the boundaries of work, management and profit distribution, as well as the meaning of innovation.(original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

PL

Spółdzielnie; System społeczno-ekonomiczny; Ekonomia współdzielenia

EN

Cooperatives; Social economic system; Sharing economy

• Czasopismo: e-mentor
• Rocznik: 2016
• Numer: nr 4
• Strony: 67--73

Twórcy

autor

Karolina Mikołajewska-Zając

• Akademia Leona Koźmińskiego w Warszawie

autor

Olga Rodak

• Akademia Leona Koźmińskiego w Warszawie

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Identyfikatory

DOI

10.15219/em66.1265