Transformacja ekonomiczna i polityczna na Tajwanie

• Autorzy: Legiędź Tomasz

Warianty tytułu

The economic and political transformation of Taiwan from a limited to an open access order

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

Głównym celem artykułu jest poszukiwanie wyjaśnienia, w jaki sposób na Tajwanie udało się stworzyć sprzyjający rozwojowi gospodarczemu ład instytucjonalny. W artykule zanalizowano proces przemian instytucjonalnych na Tajwanie za pomocą koncepcji teoretycznej D. C. Northa, J. J. Wallisa, S. B. Webb oraz B. R. Weingasta. Dokonana analiza umożliwiła pozytywną weryfikacje hipotezy badawczej, że istotnym czynnikiem determinującym politykę gospodarczą Tajwanu było zagrożenie ze strony Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej. Zagrożenie wywierało ciągłą presję na elity, dlatego były one zmuszone kooperować, a ich działanie stało się w większym stopniu przewidywalne. Właśnie dlatego autorytarny rząd na Tajwanie był w stanie stworzyć instytucjonalne fundamenty korzystne dla rozwoju gospodarczego, a korzyści płynące z szybkiego tempa wzrostu gospodarczego trafiały w miarę równomiernie do całego społeczeństwa. Nietypowe warunki, w jakich przeprowadzano reformy polityczne i gospodarcze na Tajwanie sprawiają, że udane skopiowanie modelu rozwojowego Tajwanu w innych krajach, zarówno słabo, jak i średnio rozwiniętych wydaje się mało prawdopodobne. (abstrakt oryginalny)

EN

The main aim of this article is to explain how the Taiwanese government managed to create institutions conducive to economic development. The paper analyzes the process of institutional transition in Taiwan by applying a conceptual framework proposed by D. C. North, J. J. Wallis, S. B. Webb, and B. R. Weingast. The analysis makes it possible to positively verify the research hypothesis that a security threat from China was an important factor that determined the economic policies of Taiwan. The threat exerted continuous pressure on the country's elites, as a result of which they were forced to cooperate and their action became more predictable. That is why Taiwan's authoritarian government has been able to build institutional foundations for economic development. The result of economic growth was the enrichment of society, education and the development of a civil society, which allowed the opposition to exert pressure on the regime and finally led to democratization. Because specific circumstances played a key role in the economic development of Taiwan today's developing countries would find it difficult, if not impossible, to imitate the Taiwanese development model. (original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

PL

Rozwój gospodarczy; Ekonomia instytucjonalna; Ład społeczny

EN

Economic development; Institutional economics; Social order

• Czasopismo: Gospodarka Narodowa
• Rocznik: 2016
• Numer: nr 6
• Strony: 115--135

Twórcy

autor

Legiędź Tomasz

• Uniwersytet Łódzki

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