PL EN


Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników
2015 | 8 | nr 21 | 107--130
Tytuł artykułu

Corporate governance versus ethics : the case of Goldman Sachs

Autorzy
Treść / Zawartość
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
The purpose of this paper: The purpose of this paper is to addresses corporate governance shortcomings identified in the pre-crisis period using the example of Goldman Sachs, it attempts to reveal the company's divergence from fundamental ethical values of the prime interest of shareholders and clients. Design/methodology/approach: This paper presents a case study of Goldman Sachs, one of the most successful yet the most controversial investment banks known for its strategy in linking politics and business. The practice of Goldman Sachs is identified within the corporate governance and business ethics framework. Findings: The case study presents and discusses Goldman Sachs' ethically questionable operations which include helping Greece in the creative accounting for hiding the real debt level though the use of currency swaps, betting against credit default swaps while selling those instruments to clients (ABACUS scheme) and the instrumental treatment of customers referred to by the company as 'muppets'. Research implications: The paper proposes an analysis of the structural corporate governance failures which led to the outbreak and development of the credit crunch relating them to unethical and irresponsible behaviour noted in the pre-crisis period. The lack of integrity and strong values, dominant public respect based on the level of consumption and personal wealth as well as the prime priority of generating short term profits proved to be the key drivers for the inefficiencies in corporate governance. The phantom declaration of ethical conduct and the lack of the internalization of codes of best practice led to trust crisis on the market and resulted in the deterioration of economic performance. Originality/value: The paper contributes to the development of the knowledge on both corporate governance and business ethics tracking patterns for the convergence or potential divergence of these two notions. Using the case study of Goldman Sachs it also attempts to understand the behaviour of the largest players on the stock market with regards to their business ethics and corporate governance practice. Finally, the paper studies the causes of the financial crisis rooted in the corporate quest for the highest profitability. (original abstract)
Rocznik
Tom
8
Numer
Strony
107--130
Opis fizyczny
Twórcy
  • Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Bibliografia
  • Anderson R., Risk Management and Corporate Governance, OECD, Associates, 2010.
  • Ayuso S., Argandona A., Responsible Corporate Governance. Towards a Stakeholder Boards of Directors?, University of Navarra, "Working Paper" 2007, no. 701, http://www.iese.edu/research/pdfs/DI-0701-E.pdf (20.09.2013).
  • Azmi R. A., Business Ethics as Competitive Advantage for Companies in the Globalization Era, 2006, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1010073 (September, 2013).
  • Baker K., Anderson R., Corporate Governance. A Synthesis of Theory, Research and Practice, John Willey & Sons, 2010.
  • Banks E., Glantz M., Siegel P., Credit Derivatives. Techniques to Manage Credit Risk for Financial Professionals, McGraw Hill, New York 2007.
  • Bebchuk L., Fred J., Pay Without Performance: Unfulfilled Promise of Executive Compensation, Harvard University Press, 2004.
  • Blair M., Firm-Specific Human Capital and Theories of the Firm, [in:] Blair M., Roe M., Employees and Corporate Governance, Brookings Institution Press, Washington 1999.
  • Boatright J., Ethics and Conduct of Business, fourth edition, Pearson Education, 2005.
  • Boatright J., Ethics in Finance, Blackwell Publishing, 2008.
  • Boerner H., The Capital Markets Crash of 2008: What Kind of Regulatory Reforms are Needed?, "Corporate Finance Review" 2008, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 34-37.
  • Brickley J., Smith C., Zimmerman J., Business Ethics and Organizational Architecture, "Journal of Banking & Finance" 2002, vol. 26, no. 9, pp. 1821-1835.
  • Brickley J., Smith C., Zimmerman J., Corporate Governance, Ethics and Organizational Architecture, "Journal of Applied Corporate Finance" 2003, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 34-45.
  • Bruner Ch., Corporate Governance Reform in a Time of Crisis, "The Journal of Corporation Law" 2011, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 309-341.
  • Clapman P., Committee on Fund Governance. Best Practice Principles, "Stanford Institutional Investors Forum" 2007.
  • Clarke T., Chanlat J.F., Introduction: A New Order? The Recurring Crisis in Anglo-American Corporate Governance and the Increasing Impact on European Economies and Institutions, [in:] European Corporate Governance. Readings and Perspectives, ed. T. Clarke, J.F. Chanlat, Routledge, Londyn 2009, pp. 1-42.
  • Cohan W., Money and Power. How Goldman Sachs Came to Rule the World, Doubleday, New York 2011.
  • Corporate Governance Principles, OECD, 2004, http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/32/18/31557724.pdf (21.01.2013).
  • De George R., A History of Business Ethics, Santa Clara University, 2010, http://www.scu.edu/ethics/practicing/focusareas/business/conference/presentations/business-ethics-history.html (20.09.2013).
  • Demise M., Business Ethics and Corporate Governance in Japan, "Business and Society" 2005, vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 211-217.
  • Dietl J., Gasparski W., Etyka biznesu, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa 1997.
  • Doria J., Musselman K., Haskins J., Ethical Issues at Goldman Sachs, 2010, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1656514 (20.09.2013).
  • Duska R., Contemporary Reflections on Business Ethics, Springer 2007.
  • Endlich L., Goldman Sachs: The Culture of Success, Alfred Knopf Inc., New York 1999.
  • Erhard W., Jensen M., Zaffron S., Integrity: A Positive Model that Incorporates the Normative Phenomena of Morality, Ethics and Legality, Harvard Business School, "Working Paper" 2010, no. 10-061, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1542759 (20.09.2013).
  • Gasparski W., The Ethical Issue of Corporate Governance and Management Science Theories, [in:] Global Perspectives on Ethics of Corporate Governance, ed. G. Rossouw, A. Sison, Palgrave MacMillan, New York 2006, pp. 91-101.
  • Gasparski W., The Stakeholder Organization Theory and Its Systemic Foundation, "International Journal of General Systems" 2009, vol. 38, no 6, pp. 659-665.
  • Gillespie J., Zweig D., Money for Nothing. How the Failure of Corporate Boards is Ruining American Business and Costing us Trillions, Free Press, New York 2010.
  • Goldman Sachs, Code of Business Conduct, http://www.goldmansachs.com/investor-relations/corporate-governance/corporate-governance-documents/revise-code-of-conduct.pdf (20.09.2013).
  • Hartman L., Perspectives in Business Ethics, third edition, McGraw-Hill International Edition, 2005.
  • Holowecky E., Murry A., Staneva V., Fuglister J., Bank Regulatory Reform in the United States: The Case of Goldman and the Volcker Rule, "Journal of Business Case Studies" 2010, vol. 6, no. 6, pp. 59-68.
  • How Goldman Profited from Subprime Meltdown, "Wall Street Journal" 2010, http://articles.moneycentral.msn.com/.../HowGoldmanProfitedFromSubprimeMeltdown. aspx?page=2 (20.09.2013).
  • Hull J., The Credit Crunch of 2007: What Went Wrong? Why? What Lessons Can Be Learned?, Working Paper, Joseph Rotman School of Management, University of Toronto, 2008.
  • Isaksson M., Corporate Governance and the Financial Crisis: Questions and Answers, OECD, 2009, http://www.oecd.org/document/49/0,3343.en_2649_34813_43063537_1_1_1_1,00.html (15.12.2013).
  • Jensen M., Integrity: Without it Nothing Works, interview by K. Christenen, "The Magazine of the Rotman School of Management" 2009.
  • Johnson S., Ryan H., Tian Y., Managerial Incentives and Corporate Fraud: The Sources of Incentives Matter, 2009, www.ssrn.com/abstract=395960 (15.12.2013).
  • Kansas D., Guide of the End of Wall Street as We Know It, Collins Business, New York 2009.
  • Karczewski L., Etyka biznesu: kulturowe uwarunkowania, Wydawnictwo Naukowe Politechniki Opolskiej, Opole 2008.
  • Kemper A., Martin R., After the Fall: The Global Financial Crisis As a Test of Corporate Social Responsibility Theories, "European Management Review" 2011, vol. 7, pp. 229-239.
  • Kirkpatrick G., The Corporate Governance Lessons From the Financial Crisis, OCED, 2009, http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/32/1M2229620.pdf (15.12.2013).
  • Koslowski P., The Ethics of Corporate Governance. A Continental European Perspective, "International Journal of Law and Management" 2009, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 27-34.
  • Llopis J., Gonzalez M., Gasco J., Corporate Governance and Organizational Culture: The Role of Ethics Officers, "International Journal of Disclosure and Governance" 2007, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 96-105.
  • Mallin C., Corporate Governance, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2004.
  • Mayer C., Firm Commitment: Why the Corporation is Failing Us and How to Restore Trust in It, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2012.
  • McBarnet B., Toward Ethical Compliance, [in:] Global Perspectives on Ethics of Corporate Governance, ed. G.J. Rossouw, A. Sison, Plagrave Macmillan, New York 2006, pp. 27-38.
  • McGee S., Chasing Goldman Sachs, Crown Business, New York 2010.
  • McGree R., Property Rights vs. Utilitarianism: Two View of Ethics, Barry University, Andreas School of Business Working Paper 2004, http://www.reasonpapers. com/pdf/27/rp_27_4.pdf (15.12.2013).
  • Murthy B., Business Ethics and Corporate Responsibility - A New Perspective, Workshop on ISO 26000 Guidance on Social Responsibility and the implications for developing countries, Munich Personal RePEc Archive, 2007, http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2634/ (15.12.2013).
  • Nordberg D., The Ethics of Corporate Governance, 2007, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1004038 (21.01.2013).
  • Posner R., The Crisis of Capitalist Democracy, Harvard University Press, London 2010.
  • Reddy Y., The Ethics of Corporate Governance. An Asian Perspective, "International Journal of Law and Management" 2009, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 17-26.
  • Rossouw G., Business Ethics and Corporate Governance: A Global Survey, "Business and Society" 2005, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 32-39.
  • Rossouw G., The Ethics of Corporate Governance. Global Convergence or Divergence?, "International Journal of Law and Management" 2009, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 43-51.
  • Rost K., Osterloh M., Management Fashion Pay-For-Performance for CEOs, "Schmalenbach Business Review" 2009, vol. 61, pp. 119-149.
  • Shleifer A., Vishny R., A Survey of Corporate Governance, "Journal of Finance" 1997, vol. 52, pp. 737-783.
  • Smith G., Why I am leaving Goldman Sachs, "New York Times" 2012, March 14, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/14/opinion/why-i-am-leaving-goldman-sachs.html?pagewanted=all
  • Sorkin A.R., Too Big to Fail, Penguin Books, London 2010.
  • Stempel J., Eder S., Goldman Sachs Charged with Fraud by SEC, 2010, http://www.reuters.com/article/2010/04/16/us-goldman-idUSTRE63F3JX20100416
  • Sternberg E., Just Business: Business Ethics in Action, Oxford University Press, 2000.
  • Stevens B., Corporate Ethical Codes as Strategic Documents: An Analysis of Success and Failure, "Electronic Journal of Business Ethics and Organization Studies" 2009, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 14-20.
  • Stout L., The Problem of Corporate Purpose, Issues in Governance Studies, "Governance Studies at Brookings" 2012, no. 48.
  • Tomczyk-Tołkacz J., Etyka biznesu. Wybrane problem, Wydawnictwo Akademii Ekonomicznej we Wrocławiu, Wrocław 1994.
  • Tricker B., Corporate Governance. Principles, Policies and Practices, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2011.
  • Tse T., Shareholder and Stakeholder Theory: After the Financial Crisis, "Qualitative Research in Financial Markets" 2011, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 51-63.
  • Verhezen P., Integrity as Good Reputation, International Conference on Ethics and Integrity of Governance: A Transatlantic Dialogue, Belgium 2005.
  • Verma S., Prakash U., Corporate Governance: Business Ethics and Social Responsibility, 2011, http://ssrn.com/abstractM802333 (20.09.2013).
  • White R., Mutual Respect Pays Off, "Manufacturer's View Journal" 2006, vol. 95, no. 3.
  • Wilcke R., An Appropriate Ethics Model for Business and Critique of Milton Friedmans Thesis, "The Independent Review" 2004, vol. IX, no. 2, pp. 187-209.
  • Yahanpath N., A Brief Review of the Role of Shareholder Wealth Maximisation and Other Factors Contributing to the Global Financial Crisis, "Qualitative Research in Financial Markets" 2011, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 64-77.
  • Zingales L., Corporate Governance, National Bureau of Economic Research, Chicago 1997.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikatory
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.ekon-element-000171457029

Zgłoszenie zostało wysłane

Zgłoszenie zostało wysłane

Musisz być zalogowany aby pisać komentarze.
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.