Who Is an Academic Mentor, and What Is His/Her Role in Contemporary Study? Some Thoughts Based on Tourism Research

• Autorzy: Wiesław Alejziak
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

This article concerns the roles played and tasks set before the outstanding researchers and scholars who we are here calling academic mentors.1 The basis of these analyses will involve a study of the literature and a special opinion survey on the subject, conducted amid leading tourism researchers from Poland and abroad. Quite outside of considerations concerning academic study in general, the function mentors serve in an academic community was primarily approached in terms of tourism research, which - in the author's opinion - is at quite a special point of development. Like many other young fields of study, tourism is still in search of its place in the "pantheon of sciences," and its further development (which includes its future autonomy) remains much in question. This article outlines the basic characteristics and classifications of the notion of academic authority, its variants, and sources. The basic factors that make up the scholar's ethos have been identified, as have certain measures of the mentor in academics. A typology has also been established, singling out three basic types of academic mentors ("Coryphaeus/guide," "interpreter/defender of the canon" and "scholar/educator"). Based on analyses of circumstances and various aspects of academic activity, an attempt was made to identify the paths (i.e. the factors and activities) leading to academic mentorship, and those paths that lead away from it. Apart from studies of the literature and participatory observations of academic life, the conclusions presented here are based on the opinions of thirteen outstanding professors from nine countries and four continents, thus representing various models and structures of contemporary academia, and various disciplines involved in researching tourism. Their opinions have been included as a special attachment to this article. (original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Tourism; Scientific research; Mentoring; Tourism research

PL

Turystyka; Badania naukowe; Mentoring; Badanie turystyki

• Czasopismo: Folia Turistica / Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego im. B. Czecha w Krakowie
• Rocznik: 2011
• Numer: nr 25 The Master Classes
• Strony: 399--451

Twórcy

autor

Wiesław Alejziak

• University School of Physical Education in Cracow, Poland; School of Economics and Law in Kielce, Poland

Bibliografia

• Airey D. (2007), Professor Rik Medlik 1928-2007, Tourism Management (December 2007), 28 (6): 1381-1382.
• Airey D. (2008), The passing of a pioneer: Profesor Rik Medlik: 1928-2007, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 27: 1-2. Online: http://www.deepdyve.com/lp/elsevier/the-passing-of-a-pioneer-professor-rik-medlik-1928-2007-48klZFXpWO.
• Alejziak W. (2008), Metodologia badań w turystyce [Methodology of tourism research], [in:] R. Winiarski (ed.), Turystyka w naukach humanistycznych [Tourism in the humanistiies], Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa, pp. 140-164.
• Alejziak W. 2003), Perspektywy i kierunki rozwoju badań naukowych nad turystyką [Directions and perspectives of tourism study development], [in:] G. Gołembski (ed.), Kierunki rozwoju badań naukowych w turystyce [Directions of development scientific studies regarding tourism], Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa, pp. 231-248.
• Alejziak W. (2005), Present Status and perspectives of Tourism Research Development, [in:] W. Alejziak and R. Winiarski (ed.), Tourism in Scientific Research, AWF Kraków, WSIZ Rzeszów, pp. 257-279.
• Alejziak W., Winiarski R. (2003), Perspektywy rozwoju nauk o turystyce [Perspectives of tourism studies development] [in:] R. Winiarski (ed.), Nauki o turystyce [Tourism sciences]. Wydanie 2. Poprawione i uzupełnione, Studia i Monografie AWF Kraków nr 7, pp. 162-164.
• Andreski S. (1972), Social Science as Sorcery, London.
• Ateljevic I., Harris C., Morgan N. (ed.), (2007), The critical turn in tourism studies: Innovative research methods, Elsevier, Oxford.
• Barnes T.J. (2002), Performing economic geography: Two men, two books, and a castoff Thousands, Environmental Planning A, 34: 487-512.
• Becher T., Trowler P. (2001), Academic tribes, territories. Second Edition, Buckingham, Open Univeristy Press.
• Botterill D. (2003), An autoethnographic narrative on tourism research epistemologies, Loisir et Societe, 26 (1): 97-110.
• Cackowski Z., Kmita Z., Szaniawski K., Smoczyński P.J., (ed.), (1987), Filozofia a nauka. Zarys encyklopedyczny [Philosophy and sience. Encyclopedical Outline], Polska Akademia Nauk, Wrocław-Warszawa-Kraków-Gdańsk-Łódź.
• Cole T., Hall M., Duval D. (2005), Mobilising Tourism: A Post-Disciplinary Critique, Tourism Recreation Research, Vol. 30 (2): 31-42.
• Cybula P., Czyż M., Owsianowska S. (ed.), (2011), Góry - Człowiek - Turystyka. Księga Jubileuszowa dedykowana prof. dr. hab. Andrzejowi Matuszykowi w 75 rocznicę urodzin, WSTiE, Proksenia, Kraków 2011.
• Dann G., Nash D., Pearce P. (1988), Methodology in Tourism Research, Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 15 (1): 1-28.
• Franklin A., Crang M. (2001), The Trouble with Tourism and Travel Theory, Tourist Studies, Vol. 1 (1): 5-22.
• Gardner M. (1952), In the Name of Science, New York.
• Goćkowski J., Autorytety świata uczonych, PIW, Warszawa 1984.
• Gołembski G. (ed.), (2003), Kierunki rozwoju badań naukowych w turystyce, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa.
• Gołembski G. (ed.), (1999), Rozwój usług turystycznych u progu XXI wieku [Tourist services development at the begining of 21st century], Wydawnictwo Akademii Ekonomicznej, Poznań.
• Hall M. (2004), Reflexivity and Tourism Research: Situating myself and/with others, [in:] J. Phillimore, L. Goodson (ed.), Qualitative research in tourism: Ontologies epistemologies, and methodologies, Routledge, London, pp. 137-155.
• Hunziker W., Krapf K. (1942), Grundriß Der Allgemeinen Fremdenverkehrslehre, Zurich.
• Jafari J., Aaser D. (1988), Tourism as the subject of doctoral dissertations, Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 15 (3): 407-429.
• Kelly K. (2006), Speculations on the Future of Science, Edge, Vol. 179 (7 April). Online: http://www.edge.org/3rd_culture/kelly06/kelly06_index.html .
• Liszewski S. (1997), Łódź akademicka wczoraj, dziś i jutro. Mistrz-uczeń, [Academical Lodz yesterday, today and tomorrow. Master-pupil (Professor - student)] [in:] E. Marynowicz-Hetka (ed.), Wyobrażenia czy rzeczywistość czyli o tworzeniu szkół naukowych [Images or reality that is about creating scientific schools], Łódzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe, Łódź, pp. 39-42.
• Liszewski S. (ed.), (2009), Łódzka szkoła geografii społeczno-ekonomicznej. Dyskusja wokół sylwetki mistrza - profesora Ludwika Straszewicza [The Łodz school of socio-economical geography. Discussion around the eminent scholar - the professor Ludwik Straszewicza], z. 1, Łódzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe, Łódź, pp. 11-16 and 42-50.
• Nowakowska A. (red.), (1998), Turystyka w środowisku społecznym i gospodarczym [Tourism in economic and social environment]. Zeszyty Naukowe nr 75. Materiały z konferencji poświęconej pamięci Profesora Romana Peretiatkowicza, AWF Kraków.
• Ossowski S. (1983), O osobliwościach nauk społecznych [About the peculiars of social sciences], Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Warszawa.
• Pearce D.G., Butler R.W. (1993), Tourism Research: Critiques and Challenges, Routledge, London.
• Phillmore J., Goodson L. (ed.) (2004), Qualitative Research in Tourism. Onthologies, Epistemologies, Methodologies, Routledge, London-New York.
• Przecławski K. (1993), Tourism as the Subject of Interdisciplinary Research, [in:] D.G. Pearce, R.W. Butler (eds.), Tourism Research Critiques and Challenges, Routledge, London, ss. 9-19.
• Przecławski K. (2005), Życie to podróż. Wprowadzenie do filozofii turystyki [Life is the travel. The Prolegomena of the Philosophy of tourism], Wydawnictwo Akademickie "Żak", Warszawa.
• Riley R.W., Love L. (2000), The state of qualitative tourism research, Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 27 (1): 164-187.
• Rojek C., Urry J. (1997), Transformations of Travel and Theory, [in:] C. Rojek, J. Urry (eds.), Touring Cultures: Transformations of Travel and Theory, Rotledge, London, pp. 1-19.
• Sztumski J. (2005), Wstęp do metod i technik badań społecznych [Introduction to methods of social research], Wydawnictwo Naukowe "Śląsk", Katowice.
• Tapscott D., Williams A.D. (2008), Wikinomia. O globalnej współpracy, która wszystko zmienia (transl. P. Cypryański), Wydawnictwa Akademickie i Profesjonalne, Warszawa.
• Tribe J. (2010), Tribes, Territories and Networks in the Tourism Academy, Annals of Tourism Research, 37 (1): 7-33.
• Tribe J. (2006), The Truth about Tourism, Annals of Tourism Research 33 (2): 360-381.
• Wach J. (1961), Socjologia religii [Sociology of religion], Wydawnictwo "Książka i Wiedza", Warszawa.
• Walle A. (1997), Quantitative versus Qualitative Tourism Research, Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 24 (3): 524-536.
• van der Leeuw G. (1997), Fenomenologia religii [Phenomenology of religion], Wydawnictwo "Książka i Wiedza", Warszawa.
• Winiarski R. (ed.), (2003) Nauki o turystyce. Część I. [Tourism sciences] Wydanie 2. Poprawione i uzupełnione, Studia i Monografie, nr 7, AWF Kraków.
• Witkowski L. (2011), Historie autorytetu wobec kultury i edukacji, Impuls, Kraków 2011.
• Włodarczyk B. (ed.), (2011), Turystyka. Księga jubileuszowa w 70. rocznicę urodzin Profesora Stanisława Liszewskiego [Tourism. Anniverary book on 70 birhday of Professor Stanislaw Liszewski], Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, Łódź.
• Xiao H., Smith S. (2004), Source Knowledge for Tourism Research, Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 32 (1): 272-275.
• Andreski S. (2002), Czarnoksięstwo w naukach społecznych, Oficyna Naukowa, Warszawa.
• Dobre obyczaje w nauce. Zbiór zasad i wytycznych (1994), Komitet Etyki w Nauce przy Prezydium Polskiej Akademii Nauk, Warszawa [Chapter 3: Pracownik nauki jako mistrz], p. 13.
• Neyman E. (2005), Uczta skończona? O mistrzu o uczniu, Kultura i Społeczeństwo, vol. 49, no. 3.
• Olbrycht K. (1998), Współczesne pytania wokół relacji "uczeń-mistrz", Gazeta Uniwersytecka. Miesięcznik Uniwersytetu w Katowicach, no. 2 (58). Online: http//gu.us.edu.pl.
• Stróżewski W. (2007), Promieniowanie mistrza, W Drodze, no. 2 (402). Online: http//www.wdrodze.pl/archiwum/index.php?mod=archiwumtekst&id=12327(3.08.2011).
• Cambpell D.T. and Stanley J. (1963), Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research, Wadsworth, Chicago.
• Gladwell M. (2008), Outliers: The Story of Success, Little Brown, New York.
• Gladwell M. and Lane A. (2008), Outliers, http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en7q=Malcolm+Gladwell&btnG=Search&as_sdt=0%C5&as_ylo=as_vis=0.
• Ragin C. (2008), Redesigning Social Inquiry: Fuzzy Sets and beyond, University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
• Wilcox-Ugurlu C and Woodside A.G. (2011), Demotivating Consumers: Can More Choices in Email Advertising Decrease Customer Responses?, Journal of Advertising Research, forthcoming.
• Woodside AG. (2010), Case Study Research: Theory, Methods and Practice, Emerald, London.
• Woodside AG. And Davenport J.W. (1976), Effects of Price and Salesman Expertise on Customer Purchasing Behavior, The Journal of Business, 49 (1): 52-59.
• Woodside AG., Hsu S.-Y. and Marshall R. (2011), General Theory of Culture's Consequences on International Tourism Behavior, Journal of Business Research, 64: 785-799.
• Woodside AG., Trappery R.T. and MacDonald R. (1977), Measuring Linkage-Advertising Effects on Customer Behaviour and Net Experienced Product-Service Users, Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, 14 (2): 214-228.
• Woodside AG. and Waddle G.L. (1975), Sales Effect of Inside Store Advertising, Journal of Advertising Research, 15 (3): 29-33.