Over Capacity of Container Shipping as a Challenge to Rail Silk Road Competitiveness

• Autorzy: Stanisław Miecznikowski , Tomasz Radzikowski
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

International trade is rapidly changing. Global trade agreements are replaced by regional agreements. The China's GDP is decreasing resulting in lower level of China's exports, which so far used mainly sea transport. The sea transport experiences glut in transport capacity, which, with the the falling GDP of China, may result in subsequent bancrupties of ship owners, high costs and uneffectiveness of sea ports. Moreover sea freight takes a long time and is connected with long transshipments in ports. Rail transport is much more efficient due to the considerably smaller batches of goods. However, creating "one belt" connecting China and Europe is required. The existing railway corridor, the so called "new silk road" runs through north Kazakhstan, Russia, Belarus and Poland to Western Europe. Its capacity level is insufficient. Creating a new projected railway corridor running through Central Asia, the Caspian Sea, Azerbeijan, Georgia, the Black Sea and the Ukraine to the European Union. (original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Multimodal transport; Silk Road; New Silk Road

PL

Transport multimodalny; Jedwabny Szlak; Nowy Jedwabny Szlak

• Czasopismo: Research Journal of the University of Gdańsk. Transport Economics and Logistics
• Rocznik: 2017
• Tom: 70 Economics of transport and transportation services market
• Strony: 121--132

Twórcy

autor

Stanisław Miecznikowski

• Uniwersytet Gdański

autor

Tomasz Radzikowski

• PKP PLK

Bibliografia

• BBC News (2017), China sees first monthly trade deficit in three years 8 March. Available from http://www.bbc.com/news/business-39191200 [Accessed 11 March 2017].
• Bloomberg (2016), China turns to 503 bln USD Rail Expansion to boost growth Bloomberg News, 29 December. Available from https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-12-29/china-to-have-30-000-kilometer-high-speed-rail-network-by-2020 [Accessed 25 February 2017].
• Bordie, R., Wilson, S. and Kuang, J. (2014), The importance, development and reform challenges of China's rail sector, In: Song, L., Garnaut, R. and Fang, C. (Eds.), Deepening reform for China's long-term growth and development ANU Press, Canberra, pp. 447-506.
• CNBC (2017), S. Korea court declares Hanjin Shipping bankrupt Available from http://www.cnbc.com/2017/02/17/skorea-court-declares-hanjin-shipping-bankrupt.html [Accessed =25 February 2017].
• Eurostat (2016a), EU Transport in numbers, Statistical pocketbook 2016 General Data Luxemburg, table 47, p. 16.
• Eurostat (2016b), International trade in goods Table 1. Available from http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/International_trade_in_goods [Accessed 11 March 2017].
• Hong, Y. (2014), Railways sector in China Reforms, Challenges and perspectives E.A., Background Brief 226, November.
• Kennedy, S. and Parker, D.A. (2015), Building China's One Belt One Road Center for strategic and international studies CSIS, 3 April.
• Laurino, A., Ramella, F. and Beria, P. (2015), The economic regulation of railway network: A worldwide survey, Transportation Research Part A April, p. 207.
• Ling, J. (2015), The "New Silk Road" Initiative: China's Marshall Plan?, China International Studies January-February, pp. 70-83.
• Mazur, M. and Piwowarski, R. (2016), Nowy Jedwabny Szlak - szansa dla Polski, ale czy aż tak duża? 18 July. Available from http://www.log24.pl/artykuly/nowy-jedwabny-szlak-szansa-dla-polski-ale-czy-az-tak-duza,6778 [Accessed 10 February 2017].
• Mitrancy, D. (1975), The functional theory of politics Martin Robertson & Company, London, pp. 67-71.
• Notteboom, T. and Yang, Z. (2016), Port governance in China since 2004: Institutional layering and the growing impact of broader policies, Research in Transportation Business & Management, 22.
• Richards, J. (2014), Śmierć pieniądza. Nadchodzący upadek międzynarodowego systemu walutowego Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa, pp. 122-123.
• Panel: Polska - Chiny. Szeroki Tor dla Jedwabnego Szlaku (2016). Available from http://cluster-worldcongress.com/pl/news/panel-polska-chiny-szeroki-tor-dla-jedwabnego-szlaku/ [Accessed 10 February 2017].
• Silk Road Economic Belt Construction (2014), Vision and faith in Chongyang Institute for Financial Studies, In: The Eurasian era: Blue Book of Silk Road economic study 2014-2015 China Economic Publishing House, Beijing, p. 23.
• Spiegel (2016), The Maritime Silk Road. China's High Seas Ambitions Available from http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/china-increasing-overseas-ambitions-with-maritime-silk-road-a-1110735.html [Accessed 25 February 2017].
• Summers, T. (2015), What exactly is one belt-one road, The World Today 71(5). Available from https://www.chathamhouse.org/publication/twt/what-exactly-one-belt-one-road [Accessed 25 February 2017].
• The Economist (2017a), Journeys to the west, Ethnic harmony, The Economist 25 February - 3 March, p. 48.
• The Economist (2017b), Cheap as ships, The world this week, The Economist, 25 February - 3 March, p. 8.
• The Economist (2017c), The lure of speed. Bullet trains are reshaping China's economy. Will even more of them helping, The Economist, 14-20 January, p. 48.
• Vines, D. (2016), Chinese leadership of macroeconomic policymaking in a multipolar world, China Economic Review 40, p. 295.
• Wild, P. and Madrjas, J. (2015), W Polsce potrzeba 830 km nowych linii. Available from http://www.rynekinfrastruktury.pl/wiadomosci/w-polsce-potrzeba-830-km-nowych-linii-51145.html [Accessed 17 February 2017].
• Yang, J., Luo, M. and Yi, A. (2016), Analyzing the spatial - temporal evolution of a gateway 's hinterland: A case study of Shanghai, China, Transportation Research Part E. 95.
• Zhan, S., Kroon, L.G., Zhao, J. and Peng, Q. (2016), A rolling horizon approach to the high speed train rescheduling problem in case of a partial segment blockage, Transportation Research Part E, 95, p. 48.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.5604/01.3001.0010.5932