PL EN


Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników
2017 | nr 5(89) | 85--98
Tytuł artykułu

Tax Expenditures as an Example of Fiscal Illusion

Treść / Zawartość
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
The identification and estimation of the extent of fiscal illusion in the public finance system seems necessary to ensure the transparency of government activity. A lack of transparency of all the operations using public funds decreases budget revenues, may adversely affect the balance of state budgets or even lead to increasing the fiscal burdens on all taxpayers. Furthermore, making expenditures outside the budget process is related to a lack of control, which is particularly important from the point of view of the efficiency and effectiveness of these expenditures. Tax expenditures, being an equivalent of direct public expenditures, serve as an example of this type of activity undertaken by the government. The lack of effective control of expenditures in this category may constitute an incentive to use these instruments in order to escape from conventional spending, which is considerably more transparent. Tax expenditures enable increasing expenses on public programs even when the government officially attempts to reduce them - all the more so that programs which have been accepted once do not require formal annual approval. In addition, the procedure of introducing them into the tax system is less complicated than in the case of direct expenditures. The study includes an analysis of the relationship between tax expenditures and direct public expenditures, using the example of the United States of America in the years 1999-2015. Data analysis has shown that the rate of growth of tax expenditures was considerably higher than in the case of direct public spending, thus creating the illusion that public finances are more stable than they are in reality. (original abstract)
Rocznik
Numer
Strony
85--98
Opis fizyczny
Twórcy
  • University of Bialystok, Poland
  • University of Bialystok, Poland
  • University of Bialystok, Poland
  • University of Bialystok, Poland
Bibliografia
  • Baekgaard M., Serritzlew S., Blom-Hansen J., 2016, Causes of Fiscal Illusion: Lack of Information or Lack of Attention?, "Public Budgeting & Finance", No. 36, DOI: 10.1111/ pbaf.12091.
  • Brogan M.J., 2014, Modern Budget Forecasting in the American States: Precision, Uncertainty and Politics, Lexington Books, Lanham.
  • Buchanan J.M., 1960, Fiscal Theory and Political Economy, The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.
  • Buchanan J.M., 1967, Public Finance in Democratic Process: Fiscal Institutions and Individual Choice, The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.
  • Buchanan J.M., Wagner R.E., 1977, Democracy in Deficit: The Political Legacy of Lord Keynes, Liberty Fund Inc., Indianapolis.
  • Burman L.E., Phaup M., 2011, Tax Expenditures, The Size and Efficiency of Government, and Implications for Budget Reform, NBER Working Paper Series, Working Paper, No. 17268, DOI: 10.3386/w17268
  • Craig E.D., Heins A.J., 1980, The Effect of Tax Elasticity on Public Spending., "Public Choice", Vol. 35(3).
  • de Magalhaes S.T., Jahankhani H., Hessami A.G., 2010, Global Security, Safety, and Sustainability, 6th International Conference ICGS3, Braga.
  • Dell'Anno R., Dollery B., 2014, Comparative fiscal illusion: A fiscal illusion index for the European Union, "MPRA Paper", No. 42537.
  • Dollery B.E., Worthingtonn A., 1996, The empirical analysis of fiscal illusion, "Journal of Economic Surveys", Vol. 10(3).
  • Estimates of Federal Tax Expenditures for Fiscal Years 1999-2015, https://www.jct.gov/ publications.html?func=select&id=5 (date of access: 21.07.2017).
  • Fischel W.A., 1995, Regulatory Takings: Law, Economics, and Politics, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, London, England.
  • General Government Spending, https://data.oecd.org/gga/general-government-spending.htm (date of access: 21.07. 2017).http://stats.oecd.org/ (date of access: 04.09.2017).
  • International Budget Partnership 's, Guide to Transparency in Public Finances Looking Beyond the Core Budget. 2 Tax Expenditures 2011 The Open Budget Initiative, Washington, D.C., http://www.internationalbudget.org/wp-content/uploads/Looking-Beyond-the-Budget (date of access: 21.07.2017).
  • Jul A.M., 2006, Off-Budget Operations, Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), Santiago.
  • Klein E., 2012, Workbook: Tax spending vs. government spending, "The Washington Post", February 24.
  • Kleinbard E., 2010, Tax Expenditure Framework Legislation, "National Tax Journal", No. 63(2), DOI: dx.doi.org/10.17310/ntj.2010.2.09
  • Kopits G., Craig J., 1998, Transparency in Government Operations, "IMF Occasional Paper", No. 158. "
  • Kraan D.J., 2004, Off-budget and Tax Expenditures, "OECD Journal on Budgeting", Vol. 4, No. 1.
  • Määttä K., 2006, Environmental Taxes: An Introductory Analysis, MA: Edward Edgar, Cheltenham UK and Northampton.
  • Mouräo P., 2010, Fiscal Illusion Cause fiscal Delusion -Please Be Careful!, [in:] Global Security, Safety, andSustainability, S.T. de Magalhaes, H. Jahankhani, A.G. Hessami (eds.), Springer, Braga, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642- 15717-2_25
  • Mueller D.C., 2003, Public Choice III, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • Oates W.E., 1988, On the nature and measurement of fiscal illusion, [in:] Taxation and fiscal federalism: Essays in honour of Russell Mathews, G. Brennan, B. Grewal, P. Groenewagen (eds.), Australian National University Press, Sydney.
  • Puviani A., 1903, Teoria della illusione Finaniaria, Palermo.
  • Schick A., 2007, Off-budget Expenditure: An Economic and Political Framework, "OECD Journal on Budgeting", Vol. 7, No. 3.
  • Tanzi V., Schuknecht L., 2000, Public Spending in 20th Century. A Global Perspective, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • Tax Expenditures in OECD Countries, 2010, OECD, Paris.
  • Tax expenditures jako narzędzie transparentnej polityki fiskalnej definicja, skacowanie i ocena, 2015, R. Dziemianowicz (red.), CeDeWu.pl, Warszawa.
  • Villela L., Lemgruber A., Jorratt M., 2010, Tax Expenditure Budgets. Concepts and Challenges for Implementation, "IDB Working Paper Series", no. IDB-WP-131.
  • Wagner R.E. 1976, Revenue structure, fiscal illusion and budgetary choice, "Public Choice", Vol. 25(1).
  • Wajda-Lichy M., 2006, Reguły a przejrzystość polityki fiskalnej, [w:] Regulacyjna rola państwa we współczesnej gospodarce, D. Kopycińska (red.), Printgroup, Szczecin.
  • Wyszkowski A., 2015, Pomiar i metody szacowania tax expenditures, [w:] Tax expenditures jako narzędzie transparentnej polityki fiskalnej definicja, szacowanie i ocena, R. Dziemianowicz (red.), CeDeWu.pl, Warszawa.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikatory
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.ekon-element-000171524959

Zgłoszenie zostało wysłane

Zgłoszenie zostało wysłane

Musisz być zalogowany aby pisać komentarze.
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.