O "prywatyzacji" oświaty w Królestwie Norwegii

• Autorzy: Elżbieta Majchrowicz-Jopek

Warianty tytułu

The "privatisation" of education in the Kingdom of Norway

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

W artykule omówiono zasady i mechanizmy zarządzania norweskim systemem oświaty z punktu widzenia jego podstawowego celu, tj. zapewnienia równych warunków nauczania dla wszystkich dzieci, niezależnie od ich pochodzenia i statusu społeczno-ekonomicznego ucznia. Norwegia uchodzi za przykład państwa, w którym na politykę edukacyjną nie oddziaływał silnie nurt neoliberalizmu ekonomicznego oraz idee modernizacji sektora publicznego w duchu nowego zarządzania publicznego. Norweski system oświaty cechuje się natomiast znacznym poziomem zdecentralizowania - lokalne struktury samorządowe odpowiedzialne są za zapewnienie miejsc do realizacji prawa do edukacji przedszkolnej, obowiązku szkolnego i prawa do nauki. Znakomita większość uczniów pobiera naukę w szkołach publicznych. Odnotowuje się jednak niewielki, lecz systematycznie wzrastający, udział sektora niepublicznego w oświacie oraz przypadki wykorzystywania instrumentów z zakresu kontraktowania usług publicznych, a także partnerstwa publiczno-prywatnego. (abstrakt oryginalny)

EN

The article discusses the Norwegian response to the neoliberal movement of privatising public education. Neoliberal trends in public services, including education, mainly manifest themselves in the affirmation of the economic efficiency in public services provision, increased participation of private and non-governmental organisations and the creation of quasi-markets. In Norway likewise in other Scandinavian countries the reform of public sector has not been strongly influenced by neoliberal ideology and the New Public Management. On the other hand, it was the political decentralisation and empowerment of local communities that shaped the organisation and management of the school system. The primary aim of the Norwegian education is to ensure equality and inclusion for all students, regardless of their gender, abilities, family background, nationality and health condition. The article presents the historical path of public and non-public schooling in Norway illustrated by the statistical data concerning kindergartens, schools and pupils respectively. The central and local government still provides the vast majority of public education services and the non-public sector remains limited. Neverthless in the last 10 years the rise in the number of private schools has been noticed, especially in bigger cities and more affluent dwellings. In its final part the article presents the recent developments in the privatisation policy conducted by the conservative government in Norway. It deliberates postulates relating to modification of administrative procedures leading to the establishment of private schools, widening the school choice for parents as well as diversification of the teachers' professional status. It also sketches examples of the utilisation of private-public partnerships in construction and operation of public schools. (original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

PL

Neoliberalizm; Zarządzanie publiczne; Oświata; Prywatyzacja szkolnictwa; Decentralizacja

EN

Neoliberalism; Public governance; Education system; Privatization of education; Decentralization

• Czasopismo: Studia z Polityki Publicznej / Szkoła Główna Handlowa
• Rocznik: 2017
• Numer: nr 2
• Strony: 35--63

Twórcy

autor

Elżbieta Majchrowicz-Jopek

• Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie, doktorant

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