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2018 | nr 2 | 10--18
Tytuł artykułu

The eye tracking technique in the analysis of mechanisms for solving algorithmic problems

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Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
One of the basic objectives of education is the intellectual development of children and young people, allowing them to prepare, among others, to be able to solve problems in various areas of life. This aspiration has been expressed during the recent works on the reform of education in Poland and in the core curriculum, which was approved in February 2017. It was highlighted there that IT education offers a wide range of possibilities to achieve this goal, and the appropriate means for its accomplishment is teaching programming, understood not only as learning how to write a code, but as a process of acquiring the IT approach skills to solve problems. Such understanding of IT education is not new, for many years researches have been indicating the importance of educating this special way of reasoning, which is called computational thinking. It is well-known, however, that learning algorithms and programming bring some difficulties for students at different ages. Therefore, a number of studies have been undertaken, whose aim is not only to identify the causes of these difficulties, but also to optimize the learning process by selecting appropriate teaching strategies. With that aim in mind, researchers seek for new techniques that would expand the knowledge about how brain works and allow the insight into the neurobiological aspects of the learning processes.(original abstract)
Słowa kluczowe
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Numer
Strony
10--18
Opis fizyczny
Twórcy
  • Pedagogical University of Cracow, Poland
  • Pedagogical University of Cracow, Poland
Bibliografia
  • Andrzejewska, M., Stolińska, A. (2017). Kierowanie uwagą wzrokową w procesie rozwiązywania problemów algorytmicznych. Edukacja, Technika, Informatyka, 2(20), 308-314. DOI: 10.15584/eti.2017.2.40.
  • Andrzejewska, M., Stolińska, A. (2016). Comparing the Difficulty of Tasks Using Eye Tracking Combined with Subjective and Behavioural Criteria. Journal of Eye Movement Research, 9(3), 1-16. DOI: 10.16910/jemr.9.3.3.
  • Andrzejewska M. et. al. (2016). Eye-tracking verification of the strategy used to analyse algorithms expressed in a flowchart and pseudocode. Interactive Learning Environments, 24(8), 1981-1995. DOI: 10.1080/10494820.2015.1073746.
  • Andrzejewska, M., Stolińska, A. (2015). Zastosowanie okulografii do identyfikacji metod analizy problemu algorytmicznego. Edukacja-Technika-Informatyka, 6(3), 209-215.
  • Bednarik, R., Tukiainen, M. (2006). An eye-tracking methodology for characterizing program comprehension processes. Proceedings of Symposium on Eye-Tracking Research and Applications (ETRA), 125-132. DOI: 10.1145/1117309.1117356.
  • Binkley, D. et.al. (2013). The impact of identifier style on effort and comprehension. Empirical Software Engineering, 18(2), 219-276.
  • Busjahn, T., Shulte, C., Busjahn, A. (2011). Analysis of code reading to gain more insight in program comprehension. Proceedings of the 11th Koli Calling International Conference on Computing Education Research, 1-9.
  • Busjahn, T. et.al. (2015). Eye movements in code reading: relaxing the linear order. Proceedings of the IEEE 23rd International Conference on Program Comprehension, 255-265.
  • Dimitri, G.M. (2015). The impact of syntax highlighting in Sonic Pi. Proceedings of the 26th Annual Conference of the Psychology of Programming Interest Group (PPIG 2015), 59-68.
  • Futschek, G. (2006). Algorithmic Thinking: The Key for Understanding Computer Science. R.T. Mittermeir (Ed.). Informatics education - the bridge between using and understanding computers, Vol. 4226, 159-168. DOI: 10.1007/11915355_15.
  • Garner, S. (2002). Reducing the Cognitive Load on Novice Programmers. P. Barker, S. Rebelsky (Eds.). Proceedings of ED-MEDIA 2002 World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia & Telecommunications, 578-583. Denver, Colorado, USA: Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE).
  • Gomes, A., Mendes, A.J. (2007). Learning to program - difficulties and solutions. Proceedings of the ICEE 2007 - International Conference on Engineering Education. Retrieved from: http://icee2007.dei.uc.pt/proceedings/papers/411.pdf.
  • Govender, I., Grayson, D. (2006). Learning to program and learning to teach programming: A Closer Look. E. Pearson, P. Bohman (Eds.). Proceedings of ED-MEDIA 2006 - World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia & Telecommunications, 1687-1693.
  • Lai, M.L. et.al. (2013). A review of using eye-tracking technology in exploring learning from 2000 to 2012. Educational Research Review, 10, 90-115.
  • Moström, J.E. (2011). A Study of Student Problems in Learning to Program. Umea, Sweden: Department of Computing Science Umea University.
  • Ozcelik, E., Karakus, T., Kursun, E., Cagiltay, K. (2009). An eye-tracking study of how color coding affects multimedia learning. Computers & Education, 53(2), 445-453. DOI: 10.1016/j.compedu.2009.03.002.
  • Rozporządzenie Ministra Edukacji Narodowej z dnia 14 lutego 2017 r. w sprawie podstawy programowej wychowania przedszkolnego oraz podstawy programowej kształcenia ogólnego dla szkoły podstawowej, w tym dla uczniów z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną w stopniu umiarkowanym lub znacznym, kształcenia ogólnego dla branżowej szkoły I stopnia, kształcenia ogólnego dla szkoły specjalnej przysposabiającej do pracy oraz kształcenia ogólnego dla szkoły policealnej (Dz.U. z 2017, poz. 356, tom 1).
  • Sarkar, A. (2015). The impact of syntax colouring on program comprehension. Proceedings of the 26th Annual Conference of the Psychology of Programming Interest Group (PPIG 2015), 49-58.
  • Sharif, B., Falcone, M., Maletic, J.I. (2012). An eye-tracking study on the role of scan time in finding source code defects. Proceedings of Symposium on Eye-Tracking Research and Applications (ETRA), 381-384.
  • Stolińska A., Andrzejewska, M. (2017a). Testing cognitive loads in solving algorithmic tasks. 15th International Conference on Emerging eLearning Technologies and Applications (ICETA), 1-6. DOI: 10.1109/ICETA.2017.8102530.
  • Stolińska, A., Andrzejewska, M. (2017b). Analysis of the strategy used to solve algorithmic problem - a case study based on eye-tracking research. P. Dang, M. Ku, T. Qian, L.G. Rodino (Eds.). New trends in analysis and interdisciplinary applications, 67-76. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-48812-7_11.
  • Uwano, H., Nakamura, M., Monden, A., Matsumoto, K.I. (2006). Analyzing individual performance of source code review using reviewers' eye movement. Proceedings of Symposium on Eye-Tracking Research and Applications (ETRA), 133-140.
  • Wing, J.M. (2006). Computational thinking. ACM, 49(3), 33-35. DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2008.0118.
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Bibliografia
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