Differences in Perception of Regional Pro-entrepreneurial Policy : Does Obtaining Support Change a Prospect?

• Autorzy: Robert Zajkowski , Ada Domańska
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Research background: In the paper, we presented a most crucial aspect of the entrepreneurial ecosystem in a regional context that seems to be more visible than the general approach. The role of entrepreneurs and support institutions as one of the main actors of a regional entrepreneurship ecosystem was underscored. We also stressed the significance of entrepreneurs' opinions related to Business Support Institutions (BSI) as sources of feedback and potential boosters of delivery and promotion that can be used by regional stakeholders and policymakers.
Purpose of the article: The aim of this paper is to investigate significant differences in a perception of regional pro-entrepreneurial institutions between businesses that obtained or did not obtain support.
Methods: Our study is based on data collected in Lubelskie Voivodeship, hence they refer to a single region in Poland. The sample totalled 386 responses, and we conducted numerical analyses by using the logit linear regression model. As the dependent variable, we used a dualvariable (not supported; supported) that describes two groups of enterprises, i.e. those that do not get and those that got some sort of public support. As independent variables, we adopted 18 factors that depict ordinary scale perception of various aspects of regional pro-entrepreneurial policy.
Findings & Value added: Analyses revealed nine statistically significant relationships between perception of regional BSI impact on enterprises functioning and regional entrepreneurial ecosystem depending on whether particular enterprises got or did not get support, e.g. a favourable experience in obtaining support boosts positive perception that support from BSI influences positively the decision to set up one's own business. BSI at Lubelskie Voivodeship acts in favour to create bonds between enterprises, and support from BSI increases opportunities to survive in the market. Moreover, supported enterprises perceived better aspects, such as positive influence on enterprises' innovativeness thanks to BSI, and more are convinced that support programmes of BSI are available for a broad group of companies. (original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Entrepreneurship; Ecosystem; Regional development

PL

Przedsiębiorczość; Ekosystem; Rozwój regionalny

• Czasopismo: Oeconomia Copernicana
• Rocznik: 2019
• Tom: 10
• Numer: nr 2
• Strony: 359--384

Twórcy

autor

Robert Zajkowski

• Maria Sklodowska-Curie University in Lublin, Poland

autor

Ada Domańska

• Maria Sklodowska-Curie University in Lublin, Poland

Bibliografia

• Acemoglu, D., Johnson, S., & Robinson, J. A. (2005). Institutions as a fundamental cause of long-run growth. In P. Aghion & S. Durlauf (Eds.). Handbook of economic growth. Amsterdam: Elsevier. doi: 10.3386/w10481.
• Acs, Z. J., Audretsch, D. B., & Lehmann, E. E. (2013b). The knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship. Small Business Economics, 41(4). doi: 10.1007/s11187-013-9505-9.
• Acs, Z. J., Autio, E., & Szerb, L. (2014). National systems of entrepreneurship: measurement issues and policy implications. Research Policy, 43(3). Doi: 10.1016/j.respol.2013.08.016.
• Andersson, M., & Koster, S. (2011). Sources of persistence in regional start-up rates: evidence from Sweden. Journal of Economic Geography, 11(1). doi: 10.1093/jeg/lbp069.
• Arruda, C., Nogueira, V. S., & Costa, V. (2013). Brazilian entrepreneurial ecosystem of start-ups: analysis of entrepreneurial conditions in Brazil seen from the OECD pillars. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management, 2(3).
• Audretsch, D. B., & Lehmann, E. E. (2005). Does the knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship hold for regions? Research Policy, 34(8). doi: 10.1016/j.respol.2005.03.012.
• Autio, E., & Levie, J. (2014). Hard facts or soft insights? Fact-based and participative approaches to entrepreneurship ecosystems policy and management. Entrepreneurial Ecosystems, Innovation and Regional Competitiveness. 2014-12-12 - 2014-12-13. Henley Business School, University of Reading. Retrieved form https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/58813/.
• Autio, E., Kenney, M., Mustar, P., Siegel, D., & Wright, M. (2014). Entrepreneurial innovation: the importance of context. Research Policy, 43(7). doi: 10.1016/j.respol.2014.01.015.
• Baumol, W. J., & Strom, R. J. (2007). Entrepreneurship and economic growth. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 1 (3-4). doi: 10.1002/sej.26.
• Bell-Masterson, J., & Stangler, D. (2015). Measuring an entrepreneurial ecosystem. Kansas City: Kauffman Foundation Research Series on City, Metro, and Regional Entrepreneurship. doi: 10.2139/ssrn.2580336.
• Bosma, N., & Stam, E. (2012). Local policies for high-employment growth enterprises. In: Report prepared for the OECD/DBA international workshop on highgrowth firms: local policies and local determinants. Copenhagen: OECD/DBA. doi: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199993307.013.14.
• Bosma, N., Stam, E., & Wennekers, S. (2014). Intrapreneurship versus entrepreneurship in high and low income countries. In: R. Blackburn, F. Delmar, A. Fayolle, & F. Welter (Eds.). Entrepreneurship, people and organisations. Frontiers in European entrepreneurship research. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. doi: 10.4337/9781783478774.00012.
• Bosma, N., Wennekers, S., & Amorós, J. E. (2012). Global entrepreneurship monitor 2011 extended report: entrepreneurs and entrepreneurial employees across the globe. London: Global Entrepreneurship Research Association.
• Boter, H., & Lundstrom, A. (2006). SME perspectives on business support services. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 12(2). doi: 10.1108/14626000510594638.
• Brown, R., & Mason, C. (2017). Looking inside the spiky bits: a critical review and conceptualisation of entrepreneurial ecosystems. Small Business Economics, 49(1). doi: 10.1007/s11187-017-9865-7.
• Cohen, R., & Swerdlik, M. (2010). Psychological testing and assessment. Boston: McGraw-Hill Higher Education.
• Commission of the European Communities, Brussels (2001). Creating top-class business support services (Commission Staff Working Paper).
• Daniluk, A. (2016). Conditions of cooperation between enterprises and business environment institutions using the Podlasie region as an example. Engineering Management in Production and Services, 8(4). doi: 10.1515/emj-2016-0029.
• Delic, A., Alpeza, M., & Peterka, O. (2012). Role of entrepreneurship support institutions in development of the economy of eastern Croatia - case of Centre for Entrepreneurship Osijek. Economy of Eastern Croatia Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow, 1.
• Deloitte, (2012). DG enterprise - doing business in the digital age: the impact of new ICT developments in the global business landscape market analysis & foresight scenarios report. Retrieved form http://www.iabeurope.eu/files/5313/6852/1955/2012-1206_eu20study_market_analysis_and_foresight_scenarios_report_final_3.pdf.
• Dillman, D. A., Smith, J., & Christian, L. (2009). Internet, mail and mixed-mode surveys: the tailored design method. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
• Dubini, P. (1989). The influence of motivations and environment on business startups: some hints for public policies. Journal of Business Venturing, 4(1). doi: 10.1016/0883-9026(89)90031-1.
• Dyer, M. L., & Ross, A. C. (2008). Seeking advice in a dynamic and complex business environment: impact on the success of small firms. Journal of Development Entrepreneurship, 13(2). doi: 10.1142/S1084946708000892.
• Ejdys, J., Ustinovicius, L., & Stankevičienė, J. (2015). Innovative application of contemporary management methods in a knowledge-based economy - interdisciplinarity in science. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 16(1). doi: 10.3846/16111699.2014.986192.
• Feld, B. (2012). Startup communities: building an entrepreneurial ecosystem in your city. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons. doi: 10.1002/9781119204459.
• Feldman, M. P. (2014). The character of innovative places: entrepreneurial strategy, economic development, and prosperity. Small Business Economics, 43(1). doi: 10.1007/s11187-014-9574-4.
• Frese, M., Rousseau, D. M., & Wiklund, J. (2014). The emergence of evidence based entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship theory and Practice, 38(2). doi: 10.1111/etap.12094.
• Fritsch, M. (2013). New business formation and regional development - a survey and assessment of the evidence. Foundations and Trends in Entrepreneurship, 9. doi: 10.1561/0300000043.
• Glabiszewski, W. Grego-Planer, D., & Liczmańska-Kopcewicz, K. (2018). The impact of business environment institutions on the innovation of Polish small and medium-sized service enterprises. Economic and Environmental Studies, 18(2). doi: 10.25167/ees.2018.46.6.
• Gnyawali, D. R., Madhaven, J., & He, R. (2006). Impact of coopetition on firm competitive behaviour. An empirical examination. Journal of Management, 32(4). doi: 10.1177/0149206305284550.
• Hakimin, Y. (Ed.) (2010). The utilisation of the government business support services: The senior adviser perspectives (Vol. 1). Kelantan: Universiti Malaysia Kelantan.
• Henrekson, M., & Sanandaji, T. (2014). Small business activity does not measure entrepreneurship. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(5). doi: 10.1073/pnas.1307204111.
• Hox J. J., de Leeuw, E. D., & Dillman, D. A. (2008). Mixed mode surveys: when and why. In: E. D. de Leeuw, J. J. Hox & D.A. Dillman (Eds.). International handbook of survey methodology. New York, London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. doi: 10.4324/9780203843123.ch16.
• Isenberg, D. (2011). The entrepreneurship ecosystem strategy as a new paradigm for economy policy: Principles for cultivating entrepreneurship. Babson Park, MA: Babson Entrepreneurship Ecosystem Project, Babson College.
• Isenberg, D. J. (2010). How to start an entrepreneurial revolution. Harvard Business Review, 88(6).
• Johannisson, B. (2011). Towards a practice theory of entrepreneuring. Small Business Economics, 36. doi: 10.1007/s11187-009-9212-8.
• Kale, P., & Singh, H. (2009). Managing strategic alliances: what do we know, and where do we go from here? Academy of Management Perspectives, 23. doi: 10.5465/amp.2009.43479263.
• Kenney, M., & Patton, D. (2005). Entrepreneurial geographies: support networks in three high-technology industries. Economic Geography, 81(2). doi: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00265.x.
• Korent, D., Vuković, K., & Brčić, R. (2015). Entrepreneurial activity and regional development. Economic research-Ekonomska istraživanja, 28(1). doi: 10.1080/1331677x.2015.1084237.
• Lawson, C. (1997). Territorial clustering and high technology innovation: from industrial districts to innovative milieu. ESRC Centre for Business Research, University of Cambridge. Working Paper, 54.
• Lazaric, N., & Lorenz, E. (1997). Trust and organizational learning during interfirm cooperation. In: N. Lazaric & E. Lorenz (Eds.). The economics of trust and learning. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
• Lewis, K., Massey, C., Ashby, M., Coetzer, A., & Harris, C. (2007). Business assistance for SMEs: New Zealand owner-managers make their assessment. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 14(4). doi: 10.1108/14626000710832695.
• Lorenz, E. (1996). Collective learning processes and the regional labour market. Unpublished research note, European Network on Networks, Collective Learning and RTD in Regionally-Clustered High Technology SMEs.
• Lunnan, R., & Haugland, S. A. (2008). Predicting and measuring alliance performance: a multidimensional analysis. Strategic Management Journal, 29. doi: 10.1002/smj.660.
• Malecki, E. J. (2011). Connecting local entrepreneurial ecosystems to global innovation networks: open innovation, double networks and knowledge integration. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management, 14(1). doi: 10.1504/ijeim.2011.040821.
• Mason, C., & Brown, R. (2014). Entrepreneurial ecosystems and growth oriented entrepreneurship. Final Report to OECD, Paris, 30(1).
• Miller, M. B. (1995). Coefficient alpha: a basic introduction from the perspectives of classical test theory and structural equation modelling. Structural Equation Modelling, 2. doi: 10.1080/10705519509540013.
• Moore, J. F. (1993). Predators and prey: a new ecology of competition. Harvard Business Review, 71(3).
• Motoyama, Y., & Knowlton, K. (2017). Examining the connections within the startup ecosystem: a case study of St. Louis. Entrepreneurship Research Journal, 7(1). doi: 10.1515/erj-2016-0011.
• Motoyama, Y., Konczal, J., Bell-Masterson, J., & Morelix, A. (2014). Think locally, act locally: building a robust entrepreneurial ecosystem. Kansas City: Ewing Marion Kauffman Fundation. doi: 10.2139/ssrn.2425675.
• Napier, G., & Hansen, C. (2011). Ecosystems for young scalable firms. FOR A Group. February.
• Patton, D., & Kenney, M. (2005). The spatial configuration of the entrepreneurial support network for the semiconductor industry. R&D Management, 35(1). doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9310.2005.00368.x.
• Rasmussen, K. (2008). Halo effect. In: N. J. Salkind & K. Rasmussen (Eds.). Encyclopedia of educational psychology (Vol. 1). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
• Rosted, J. (2012). Understanding business ecosystems. FORA Group.
• Roundy, P. T., Brockman, B. K., & Bradshaw, M. (2017). The resilience of entrepreneurial ecosystems. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 8. doi: 10.1016/j.jbvi.2017.08.002.
• Roundy, P., Bradshaw, M., & Brockman, B. (2016). Venturing towards the edge of chaos: a complex adaptive systems approach to entrepreneurial ecosystems. In: United States Association for Small Business and Entrepreneurship. Conference proceedings. Boca Raton: United States Association for Small Business and Entrepreneurship.
• Schneider, F. W., Gruman, J. A., & Coutts, L. M. (2012). Applied social psychology. California.
• Shane, S. (2009). Why encouraging more people to become entrepreneurs is bad public policy. Small Business Economics, 33. doi: 10.1007/s11187-009-9215-5.
• Spigel, B. (2017). The relational organization of entrepreneurial ecosystems. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 41(1). doi: 10.1111/etap.12167.
• Stam, E. (2013). Entrepreneurial ecosystem. NL: miracle or paradox. Paper presented at OECD LEED Programme Workshop on Entrepreneurial Ecosystems and Growth-oriented Entrepreneurship, The Hague.
• Stam, E., & Bosma, N. (2015). Local policies for high-growth firms. In: D. Audretsch, A. Link, & M. Walshok (Eds.). Oxford handbook of local competitiveness. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199993307.013.14.
• Stam, E. (2014). The Dutch entrepreneurial ecosystem. SSRN doi: 10.2139/ssrn.2473475.
• Stam, E. (2015). Entrepreneurial ecosystems and regional policy: a sympathetic critique. European Planning Studies, 23(9). doi: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1061484.
• Stam, E., & Spigel, B. (2016). Entrepreneurial ecosystems and regional policy. Sage handbook for entrepreneurship and small business. London: Sage. doi: 10.4135/9781473984080.n21.
• Stam, E., Suddle, K., Hessels, J., & Van Stel, A. (2009). High-growth entrepreneurs, public policies and economic growth. In: J. Leitao & R. Baptista (Eds.). Public policies for fostering entrepreneurship: a European perspective. New York: Springer. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4419-0249-8_5.
• Tavakol, M., & Dennick. R. (2011). Making sense of Cronbach's alpha. International Journal of Medical Education, 2. doi:10.5116/ijme.4dfb.8dfd.
• Thorndike, E. L. (1920). A constant error in psychological ratings. Journal of Applied Psychology, 4(1). doi: 10.1037/h0071663.
• Tongco, M. D. C. (2007). Purposive sampling as a tool for informant selection. Ethnobotany Research and Applications, 5. doi: 10.17348/era.5.0.147-158.
• Tsvetkova, A. (2015). Innovation, entrepreneurship, and metropolitan economic performance: empirical test of recent theoretical propositions. Economic Development Quarterly, 29(4). doi: 10.1177/0891242415581398.
• Walker, B., Holling, C. S., Carpenter, S. R., & Kinzig, A. (2004). Resilience, adaptability and transformability in social-ecological systems. Ecology and Society, 9(2). doi: 10.5751/es-00650-090205.
• World Economic Forum (2013). Entrepreneurial Ecosystems around the Globe and Company Growth Dynamics. World Economic Forum, Cologny, Switzerland.
• Zacharakis, A. L., Shepherd, D. A., & Coombs, J. E. (2003). The development of venture-capital-backed internet companies: an ecosystem perspective. Journal of Business Venturing, 18(2). doi: 10.1016/s0883-9026(02)00084-8.
• Zhang, Y., & Li, H. (2010). Innovation search of new ventures in a technology cluster: the role of ties with service intermediaries. Strategic Management Journal, 31(1). doi: 10.1002/smj.806.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.24136/oc.2019.018