Health Care Systems in Spain and Portugal - Economic Approach

• Autorzy: Mieczysław Błoński

Warianty tytułu

Systemy ochrony zdrowia w Hiszpanii i Portugalii - podejście ekonomiczne

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The article is a preliminary analysis of the economic conditions of health systems in Spain and Portugal. It describes their organisational structures and lists entities functioning in them. It presents changes that have taken place in the economic situation of both countries in recent years (including the impact of the global financial crisis that began in 2008) and the consequences that these changes have had for their health policy. The article lists the basic numbers referring to both systems and describes some organisational solutions improving their effectiveness. It also presents elements derived from before the democratic transformation, lowering this efficiency. Probably the most important of them are separate 'subsystems' of health care for some professional groups (including, for example, administration, the judiciary and army employees), which collaborate with common health care, but also hinder its uniform and clear operation. Probably to a large extent, as a result of leaving these elements in both systems and the related lack of sufficient optimisation of their operation, Portugal holds the 13th and Spain the 19th position in the European ranking of health systems - the Euro Health Consumer Index - examining these systems using fifty detailed criteria. A permanent prescription, used in Spain for many years, is worthy of more thorough research and transfer to the Polish healthcare system as it significantly reduces doctors' workload not directly related to treatment, and consequently their shortage. (original abstract)

Artykuł jest wstępną analizą uwarunkowań ekonomicznych systemów ochrony zdrowia w Hiszpanii i Portugalii. Opisane są w nim ich struktury organizacyjne oraz wymienione podmioty w nich funkcjonujące. Przedstawione są zmiany na przestrzeni ostatnich lat w sytuacji gospodarczej obu krajów (w tym wpływu na nie światowego kryzysu finansowego, jaki rozpoczął się w roku 2008) oraz konsekwencje, jakie zmiany te miały dla polityki ochrony zdrowia. W artykule podane są podstawowe dane liczbowe odnoszące się do obu systemów oraz opisane są niektóre rozwiązania organizacyjne służące podnoszeniu ich efektywności. Przedstawione są również ich elementy wywodzące się sprzed transformacji demokratycznej, obniżające tę efektywność. Prawdopodobnie najważniejszy z nich to odrębne "podsystemy" ochrony zdrowia dla niektórych grup zawodowych (w tym dla przykładu pracowników administracji, sądownictwa i wojska), które współpracują z powszechną opieką zdrowotną, ale też utrudniają jej jednolite i klarowne działanie. Prawdopodobnie w dużej mierze, na skutek pozostawienia tych elementów w obu systemach i związanego z tym braku dostatecznej optymalizacji ich działania, Portugalia znajduje się dopiero na trzynastym miejscu, a Hiszpania aż na dziewiętnastym miejscu w europejskim rankingu systemów ochrony zdrowia Health Consumer Index (badającym te systemy przy użyciu pięćdziesięciu szczegółowych kryteriów). Godna dokładniejszych badań i przeniesienia do polskiego systemu ochrony zdrowia jest "stała recepta", stosowana od lat w Hiszpanii, znacznie obniżająca obciążenie lekarzy pracą niezwiązaną bezpośrednio z leczeniem, a w konsekwencji ich niedobór. (abstrakt oryginalny)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Health care protection; Health care system; Organization of health care

PL

Ochrona zdrowia; System ochrony zdrowia; Organizacja ochrony zdrowia

• Czasopismo: Myśl Ekonomiczna i Polityczna
• Rocznik: 2019
• Numer: nr 3 (66)
• Strony: 42--61

Twórcy

autor

Mieczysław Błoński

• Lazarski University in Warsaw

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Identyfikatory

DOI

10.26399/meip.3(66).2019.27/m.blonski