Energy Blockade of Donbass and its Consequences for Ukraine

• Autorzy: Oksana Voytyuk

Warianty tytułu

Energetyczna blokada Donbasu oraz jej skutki

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The annexation of Crimea and military operations that began in eastern Ukraine in April 2014  were the cause of the growing threat to Ukraine's energy security. In terms of coal supplies, Donbass is of key importance for the country's economy. Despite military operations on the east, illegal  trade with the occupied territories was flourishing. This situation led to an increase in dissatisfaction  amid certain social strata, as well as among volunteer battalions participants who took part in the military operations in Donbass and were the initiators of the Donbass blockade. The main purpose  of the study to analyse the specific of the development of coal industry in Ukraine and the main  reasons of the blockade of Donbass and its consequences. (original abstract)

Aneksja Krymu i rozpoczęcie działań wojennych w Donbasie w kwietniu 2014 r. były przyczyną rosnącego zagrożenia bezpieczeństwa energetycznego Ukrainy. Pod względem dostaw węgla Donbas ma kluczowe znaczenie dla gospodarki kraju. Działania wojenne spowodowały wzrost nielegalnego wydobycia i nielegalnego handlu węglem. Sytuacja ta spowodowała nasilenie niezadowolenia społecznego, szczegolnie  wśród uczestników batalionów ochotniczych, którzy brali udział w operacjach wojskowych w Donbasie i  byli inicjatorami blokady Donbasu. Sytuacja wokół blokady Donbasu jest dość złożona i niejednoznaczna.  Z jednej strony wymagania uczestników blokady, aby uwolnić więźniów politycznych i jeńców wojennych,  a także ograniczyć finansowanie regionom separatystycznym jest logiczna i uzasadniona. Z drugiej strony  istnieją twarde argumenty władzy ukraińskiej o tym, że dostawy węgla marki "A" nie można powstrzymać,  gdyż są one niezbędne dla zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa energetycznego państwa. Głównym powodem było  to, że zasoby z terenów okupowanych są tańsze w porównaniu z alternatywnymi dostawami węgla z innych  państw. Blokada Donbasu negatywnie odbiła się na budżecie Ukrainy. Wysokie wsparcie blokady przez  społeczeństwo ukraińskie świadczy o tym, iż ma ono pewne roszczenia do władzy dotyczące "porozumień  oligarchów z liderami samozwańczych republik" o interesach biznesowych. Pomimo że ukraiński rząd po  "nacjonalizacji" ukraińskich przedsiębiorstw na terenach okupowanych sam został inicjatorem blokady, w  kwestii "hybrydowych" relacji z samozwańczymi republikami wspieranymi przez Rosję, trudno znaleźć  proste i unikalne rozwiązanie problemu. Najważniejszym celem artykułu była analiza specyfiki rozwoju  przemysłu węglowego na Ukrainie oraz głównych przyczyn blokady Donbasu i jej konsekwencji. (abstrakt oryginalny)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Energetics; Conventional energy; Trade; Armed conflicts

PL

Energetyka; Energetyka konwencjonalna; Handel; Konflikty zbrojne

• Czasopismo: Polityka Energetyczna
• Rocznik: 2019
• Tom: 22
• Numer: z. 4
• Strony: 97--114

Twórcy

autor

Oksana Voytyuk

• University in Bialystok, Białystok, Poland

Bibliografia

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Identyfikatory

DOI

DOI: 10.33223/epj/111962