PL EN


Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników
2019 | 15 | nr 4 Evolving Enterprise Competences as a Consequence of Response to Changes in the Environment | 11--33
Tytuł artykułu

E-business Tools Adoption and Export Performancev : Empirical Evidence from Croatian Companies

Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
Technology development has enabled companies of all kinds, industries, and sizes to actively participate in international business. Information and communications technology (ICT), and especially e-business tools, are important for the international activities of companies. ICT empowers the company's potential to contribute significantly to economic growth, as it plays a vital role in simplifying business processes and contributes to the improvement of the competitive market presence of a company. The objective of this research is to identify the level of e-business tools adoption in Croatian exporting companies and investigate its influence on their export performance. In the analysis of the level of e-business tools adoption, a partial OECD e-commerce maturity model was used, which measures several aspects of ICT readiness and intensity of web sites and e-commerce in exporting companies. Several distinct aspects of e-business tools adoption were examined, namely e-mail usage, internet usage in market research, promotion, e-commerce, and e-payment possibilities. The export performance level was measured through three elements: the export/total business activities ratio, the export/total revenue ratio and, additionally, the existence of multilingual official websites. Our findings provide enough evidence that e-business tools adoption has a positive correlation to export performance for Croatian exporters. However, it should be noted that three e-business tools adoption factors positively correlate with export performance: namely (1) e-mail use for correspondence with partners/suppliers/buyers, (2) use of the internet as a promotional tool for foreign markets and (3) e-payment use. Two remaining e-business tools adoption factors that were measured - (1) use of the internet as an information source on foreign markets/buyers/suppliers and (2) online ordering/sales, did not record a significant correlation with export performance. These findings imply that there is still room for better implementation of e-business tools in Croatian exporting companies, particularly regarding market research and online ordering and sales that can contribute to better export performance. With regard to international market geographical orientation, we found significant differences in exporting companies oriented toward geographically and culturally distant markets (non-regional and non-EU markets) that have a statistically higher level of e-business tools implementation in comparison to those exporting dominantly to regional and EU markets. This illustrates the significance of e-business tools adoption for reaching and managing those distant markets that are important for a number of Croatian exporters. (original abstract)
Rozwój technologii umożliwił firmom wszelkiego rodzaju, branży i wielkości aktywne uczestnictwo w międzynarodowym biznesie. Technologie informacyjno-komunikacyjne (ICT), a zwłaszcza narzędzia e-biznesu, są ważne dla międzynarodowej działalności przedsiębiorstw. Technologie informacyjno-komunikacyjne zwiększają potencjał firmy do znacznego przyczynienia się do wzrostu gospodarczego, ponieważ odgrywają istotną rolę w upraszczaniu procesów biznesowych i przyczyniają się do poprawy konkurencyjnej obecności firmy na rynku. Celem tych badań jest określenie poziomu wdrożenia narzędzi e-biznesu w chorwackich firmach eksportujących i zbadanie ich wpływu na wyniki eksportowe. W analizie poziomu wdrożenia narzędzi do e-biznesu zastosowano model OECD, częściowej dojrzałości e-commerce, który mierzy kilka aspektów gotowości ICT i intensywności stron internetowych i e-commerce w firmach eksportujących. Zbadano kilka różnych aspektów wdrażania narzędzi do e-biznesu, a mianowicie korzystanie z poczty elektronicznej, korzystanie z Internetu w badaniach rynku, promocję, handel elektroniczny i możliwości płatności elektronicznych. Poziom wydajności eksportowej mierzono za pomocą trzech elementów: wskaźnika eksportu / całkowitej aktywności biznesowej, wskaźnika eksportu / całkowitego dochodu oraz, dodatkowo, istnienia wielojęzycznych, oficjalnych stron internetowych. Nasze ustalenia dostarczają wystarczających dowodów na to, że przyjęcie narzędzi e-biznesowych ma pozytywną korelację z wynikami eksportowymi chorwackich eksporterów. Należy jednak zauważyć, że trzy czynniki związane z przyjęciem narzędzi e-biznesu pozytywnie korelują z wynikami eksportowymi: a mianowicie (1) korzystanie z poczty elektronicznej do korespondencji z partnerami / dostawcami / nabywcami, (2) korzystanie z Internetu jako narzędzia promocyjnego dla zagranicznych rynków i (3) korzystanie z płatności elektronicznych. Dwa pozostałe czynniki przyjęcia narzędzi e-biznesowych, które zostały zmierzone to (1) wykorzystanie Internetu jako źródła informacji o rynkach zagranicznych / kupujących / dostawcach oraz (2) zamówienia online / sprzedaż online, nie odnotowały istotnej korelacji z wynikami eksportowymi. Ustalenia te sugerują, że wciąż jest miejsce na lepsze wdrażanie narzędzi e-biznesu w chorwackich firmach eksportujących, szczególnie w zakresie badań rynku oraz zamówień online i sprzedaży, które mogą przyczynić się do lepszych wyników eksportowych. Jeśli chodzi o orientację geograficzną rynku międzynarodowego, stwierdziliśmy znaczne różnice w firmach eksportujących zorientowanych na rynki odległe geograficznie i kulturowo (rynki nieregionalne i poza UE), które mają statystycznie wyższy poziom wdrażania narzędzi e-biznesowych w porównaniu z firmami eksportującymi głównie na rynki regionalne i rynki UE. Pokazuje to znaczenie przyjęcia narzędzi e-biznesu dla dotarcia do odległych rynków, które są ważne dla wielu chorwackich eksporterów i zarządzania nimi. (abstrakt oryginalny)
Twórcy
  • Strossmayer University of Osijek, Croatia
autor
  • Strossmayer University of Osijek, Croatia
  • Strossmayer University of Osijek, Croatia
Bibliografia
  • Aaby, N. E., & Slater, S. F. (1989). Management influences on export performance: A review of the empirical literature 1978-1988. International Marketing Review, 6(4), 7-26.
  • Alarcon-del-Amo, M. C., Rialp, A., & Rialp, J. (2016). Social media adoption by exporters: The export dependence moderating role. Spanish Journal of Marketing-ESIC, 20, 81-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjme.2016.07.002
  • Ashrafi, R., & Murtaza, M. (2008). Use and impact of ICT on SMEs in Oman. Electronic Journal of Information Systems Evaluation, 11(3), 125-138.
  • Baller, S., Di Battista, A., Dutta, S., & Lanvin, B. (2016). The Networked Readiness Index 2016. The Global Information Technology Report. Retrieved from 5 July, 2018, from http://www3.weforum.org/docs/GITR2016/GITR_2016_full%20report_final.pdf
  • Bilas, V., Bošnjak, M., & Franc, S. (2015). Examining the export-led growth hypothesis: The case of Croatia. Naše Gospodarstvo/Our Economy, 61(3), 22-31. http://doi.org/10.1515/ngoe-2015-0010
  • Biloš, A. (2012). Elektronički marketing poslovnih subjekata u Republici Hrvatskoj. Doctoral Thesis. Osijek: Sveučilište Josipa Jurja Strossmayera, Ekonomski fakultet u Osijeku.
  • Bordonaba-Juste, V., Lucia-Palacios, L., & Polo-Redondo, Y. (2012). Antecedents and consequences of e-business adoption for European retailers. Internet Research, 22(5), 532-550. https://doi.org/10.1108/10662241211271536
  • Beckers, I., Pauwels, P. F., de Ruyter, K., Wetzels, M. G., & Lages, L. F. (2007). Internet capabilities in a knowledge-based perspective of export marketing performance. EMAC Conference Proceedings (pp. 1-7). Retrieved 2 July, 2018, from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/251788048_Internet_capabilities_in_a_knowledge-based_perspective_of_export_marketing_performance
  • Buturac, G., Mikulić, D., & Palić, P. (2019) Sources of export growth and development of manufacturing industry: Empirical evidence from Croatia. Economic Research/Ekonomska Istraživanja, 32(1), 101-127. http://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2018.1550003
  • Cahen, F.R., Lahiri, S., & Borini, F.M. (2016). Managerial perceptions of barriers to internationalization: An examination of Brazil's new technology-based firms. Journal of Business Research, 69(6), 1973-1979.
  • Cavusgil, S. T., & Zou, S. (1994). Marketing strategy-performance relationship: An investigation of the empirical link in export market ventures. The Journal of Marketing, 58, 1-21. http://doi.org/10.12691/jbe-3-3-1
  • Chen, J., Sousa, C. M., & He, X. (2016). The determinants of export performance: A review of the literature 2006-2014. International Marketing Review, 3(5), 626-670. https://doi.org/10.1108/imr-10-2015-0212
  • CIA World Factbook (2017). European Union. Retrieved 2 July, 2018, from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ee.html
  • Damaskopolous, T., & Evgeniou, T. (2003). Adoption of new economy practices by SMEs in transition economies: A change at internet speed or a slow socio-economic transformation?. European Management Journal, 21(2), 133-145.
  • Daniel, E., Wilson, H., & Myers, A. (2002). Adoption of e-commerce by SMEs in the UK: Towards a stage model. International Small Business Journal, 20(3), 253-270. http://oro.open.ac.uk/id/eprint/1996
  • Depaoli, P., & Za, S. (2013). Towards the redesign of e-Business maturity models for SMEs. In R. Baskerville, M. De Marco, & P. Spagnoletti (Eds.) Designing Organizational Systems (pp. 285-300). Berlin: Springer.
  • Diamatopoulos, A. (1998). From the Guest Editor. Journal of International Marketing, 6(3), 3-6.
  • Drew, S. (2003). Strategic uses of e-commerce by SMEs in the East of England. European Management Journal, 21(1), 79-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0263-2373(02)00148-2
  • Državni zavod za statistiku. (2018). Hrvatska u brojkama. Retrieved from https://www.dzs.hr/Hrv_Eng/CroInFig/croinfig_2018.pdf
  • Eikebrokk, T. R., & Olsen, D. H. (2007). An empirical investigation of competency factors affecting e-business success in European SMEs. Information & Management, 44(4), 364-383. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2007.02.004
  • Ghalandari, K. (2013). The effect of information and communication technology on export performance of Iranian firms. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, 5(17), 4367-4372. http://doi.org/10.3923/ibm.2016.908.916
  • Gallego, J. M., Gutiérrez, L. H., & Lee, S. H. (2014). A firm-level analysis of ICT adoption in an emerging economy: Evidence from the Colombian manufacturing industries. Industrial and Corporate Change, 24(1), 191-221.
  • Gosavi, A. (2017). Use of the Internet and its impact on productivity and sales growth in female-owned firms: Evidence from India. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, 13(2), 155-178. https://doi.org/10.7341/20171327
  • Gregory, G. D., Ngo, L. V., & Karavdic, M. (2017). Developing e-commerce marketing capabilities and efficiencies for enhanced performance in business-to-business export ventures. Industrial Marketing Management, 78, 146-157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2017.03.002
  • Hinson, R., & Sorensen, O. (2006). E-business and small Ghanaian exporters. Online Information Review, 30(2), 116-138
  • Izvozni portal (2018). O hrvatskom izvozu, Središnji državni portal. Retrieved 2 July, 2018, from https://izvoz.gov.hr/o-hrvatskom-izvozu/9
  • Kahiya, E.T. (2013). Export barriers and path to internationalization: A comparison of conventional enterprises and international new ventures. Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 11(1), 3-29. http://hdl.handle.net/10.1007/s10843-013-0102-4
  • Katsikeas, C. S., Leonidou, L. C., & Morgan, N. A. (2000). Firm-level export performance assessment: Review, evaluation, and development. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 28(4), 493-511. https://doi.org/10.1177/0092070300284003
  • Kotnik, P., & Hagsten, E. (2018). ICT use as a determinant of export activity in manufacturing and service firms: Multi-country evidence. Zbornik Radova Ekonomskog Fakulteta u Rijeci: Časopis za Ekonomsku Teoriju i Praksu, 36(1), 101-126. https://doi.org/10.18045/zbefri.2018.1.103
  • Lages, L.F., & Lages, C.R. (2004). The STEP scale: A measure of short term export performance instrument. Journal of International Marketing 12(1), 36-56. https://doi.org/10.1509/jimk.12.1.36.25647
  • Lages, L.F., Lages, C., & Lages, C.R. (2005). Bringing export performance metrics into annual reports: The APEV scale and the PERFEX scorecard. Journal of International Marketing 13(3), 79-104. https://doi.org/10.1509/jimk.13.3.79
  • Lal, K. (2004). E-business and export behaviour: Evidence from Indian firms. Retrieved 12 July, 2018, from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/251600256_E-business_and_Export_Behaviour
  • Leko-Šimić, M., Horvat, J., & Forjan, J. (2007). Izvoz i izvozne performanse hrvatskih poduzeća. In G. Marijanović & D. Wentzel (Eds.), XVII. Wissenschaftliches Symposium Osijek - Pforzheim: "Wie real ist ein Europa der zwei Geschwindigkeiten" (pp. 45-59). Osijek: Ekonomski Fakultet u Osijeku.
  • Leonidou, L. C., & Katsikeas, C. S. (2010). Integrative assessment of exporting research articles in business journals during the period 1960-2007. Journal of Business Research, 63(8), 879-887. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2010.01.005
  • Luccheti, R., & Sterlacchini, A. (2004). The adoption of ICT among SMEs: Evidence from an Italian survey. Small Business Economics 23, 151-168. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:SBEJ.0000027667.55821.53
  • MacGregor Pelikánová, R. (2019). R&D expenditure and innovation in the EU and selected member states. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, 15(1), 13-34. https://doi.org/10.7341/20191511
  • Madson, T.K., & Moen, Ø. (2018). Managerial assessments of export performance: What do they reflect?, International Business Review, 27(2), 380-388. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2017.09.005
  • Makanyeza, C., & Ndlovu, A. (2015). ICT and export performance: Empirical evidence from small and medium enterprises in the manufacturing sector of Zimbabwe. Botswana Journal of Business 9(1), 21-36.
  • Makó, C., Miklós, I., & Csizmadia, P. (2012). Declining innovation performance of the Hungarian economy: Special focus on organizational innovation the example of the European Community Innovation Survey (CIS). Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, 8(1), 116-137. https://doi.org/10.7341/2012816
  • Martinović, M., Požega, Z., & Pudić, D. (2014). Use of ICT sector in order to improve and develop competitiveness of Eastern Croatian economy. In A. Mašek Tonković (Ed.), Third Conference Economy of Eastern Croatia. Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow (pp. 84-96). Osijek, Croatia: Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Economics.
  • Mata, F. J., & Quesada, A. (2015). ICT adoption and use in Costa Rican export companies. International Journal of Digital Society 6(4), 1083-1093.
  • Mori, N., & Munisi, G. (2012). The role of the internet in overcoming information barriers: Implications for exporting SMEs of the East African community. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, 8(2), 60-77. https://doi.org/10.7341/2012824
  • Narayanan, V. (2015). Export barriers for small and medium-sized enterprises: A literature review based on Leonidou's Model. Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, 3(2), 105-123. https://doi.org/10.15678/EBER.2015.030208
  • OECD. (1999). Defining and measuring e-commerce: A status report. Paris: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Retrieved 2 September, 2018, from http://www.oecd.org/sti/ieconomy/2092477.pdf
  • Oliveira, T., & Martins, M. F. (2010). Firms patterns of e-business adoption: Evidence for the European Union-27. Electronic Journal of Information Systems Evaluation, 13(1), 47-56.
  • Ojala, A., & Tyrvainen, P. (2007). Entry barriers of small and medium-sized software firms in the Japanese market. Thunderbird International Business Review, 49(6), 689-705. http://doi.org/10.1002/tie.20167
  • Pezderka, N., Sinkovics, R. R., & Jean R. J. B., (2012). Do born global SMEs reap more benefits from ICT use than other internationalizing small firms? In M. Gabrielsson & V.H. Kirpalani (Eds.), Handbook of Research on Born Globals (pp. 185-213). Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar.
  • Rosson, P. (2004). The Internet and SME exporting: Canadian success stories. In H. Etemad (Ed.), International Entrepreneurship: The Globalization of SMEs Orientation, Environment and Strategy (pp. 145-177). Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar.
  • Roztocki, N., & Weistroffer, H. R. (2015). Information and communication technology in transition economies: An assessment of research trends. Information Technology for Development, 21(3), 330-364. https://doi.org/10.1080/02681102.2014.891498
  • Schlichter, B. R., & Danylchenko, L. (2014). Measuring ICT usage quality for information society building. Government Information Quarterly, 31(1), 170-184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2013.09.003
  • Shoham, A. (1998). Export performance: A conceptualization and empirical assessment. Journal of International Marketing, 6(3), 59-81.
  • Sheikh, A.A., Shahzad, A., & Ishak, A. B. K. (2016). The mediating impact of e-marketing adoption on export performance of firms: A conceptual study. Journal of Technology and Operations Management 11(1), 48-58.
  • Singer S., Šarlija N., Pfeifer S., & Oberman Peterka, S. (2017). Što Hrvatsku čini (ne)poduzetničkim zemljom, GEM Report Hrvatska 2016. Zagreb: Cepor.
  • Sinjeri, L., Vrček, N., & Bubaš, G. (2010). E-government development in Croatia: ICT infrastructure, management, and human capital at local level. Proceedings of the 33rd International Convention (pp. 1148-1153). Opatija, Croatia: IEEE.
  • Spyropoulou, S., Skarmeas, D., & Katsikeas, C. S. (2010). The role of corporate image in business-to-business export ventures: A resource-based approach. Industrial Marketing Management, 39(5), 752-760. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2010.02.014
  • Taylor, P. (2015). The importance of information and communication technologies (ICTs): An integration of the extant literature on ICT adoption in small and medium enterprises. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, 3(5), 274-295.
  • Voola, R., Casimir, G., Carlson, J., & Agnihotri, M.A. (2012). The effects of market orientation, technological opportunism and e-business adoption on performance: A moderated mediation analysis. Australasian Marketing Journal 20(2), 136-146.
  • Wąsowska, A. (2016). Perception of export barriers at different stages of the internationalization process-evidence from European SMEs. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, 12(4), 29-49. https://doi.org/10.7341/20161242
  • World Trade Organization. (2017). World Trade Report 2017: Trade, technology and jobs. Geneva: WTO Publications. Retrieved 2 September, 2018, from https://www.wto.org/english/res_e/booksp_e/world_trade_report17_e.pdf
  • Zou, S., Taylor, Ch., & Osland, G. (1998). The EXPERF Scale: A cross-national generalized export performance measure. Journal of International Marketing, 6(3), 37-58. http://www.jstor.org/stable/25048739
  • Zovko, V., & Didović, A. (2013). The use of ICT in primary schools - analysis of the digital divide in the Republic of Croatia. Croatian Journal of Education: Hrvatski časopis za odgoj i obrazovanje, 15(2), 331-364. https://hrcak.srce.hr/105549
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.ekon-element-000171580774

Zgłoszenie zostało wysłane

Zgłoszenie zostało wysłane

Musisz być zalogowany aby pisać komentarze.
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.