Culture, Companionship and Activity-Travel Behavior: a Comparison between Beijing (China) and Utrecht (the Netherlands)

• Autorzy: Yanwei Chai
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

There is a long history of drawing a large cultural distinction between West and East based on the constructs of individualism and collectivism. This coincides with a growing awareness of urban spatial change from the perspective of activity-travel behavior. However, limited attention has been paid to this issue. This paper contributes to the literature on how to examine cultures by investigating companion choice in travel behavior based on activity diary surveys collected in Beijing (China) and Utrecht (the Netherlands). The results show that participants in Beijing travel more often with family members, whereas those in Utrecht tend to travel alone or with friends. These important differences are mediated through sociodemographic, travel purpose and transport mode. The findings provide evidence that collective behavior is popular in Eastern society, whereas individualistic behavior is prevalent in Western society. These results will hopefully stimulate further analysis of cultural differences in transportation policy.(original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Cultural differences; Touristic travel; Business trips; Social behaviour

PL

Różnice kulturowe; Podróże turystyczne; Podróże służbowe; Zachowania społeczne

• Czasopismo: Journal of Positive Management
• Rocznik: 2018
• Tom: 9
• Numer: nr 4
• Strony: 16--39

Twórcy

autor

Yanwei Chai

• College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China

Bibliografia

• Aldred, R., Jungnickel, K. (2014), "Why culture matters for transport policy: the case of cycling in the UK", Journal of Transport Geography, Vol. 34, pp. 78-87. DOI: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2013.11.004
• Bauman, Z. (2005), Liquid life, UK: Polity Press, Cambridge.
• Beck, U. (1996), The reinvention of politics: rethinking modernity in the global social order, London: Polity Press, London.
• Beijing Transport Research Center (2007), Beijing transport annual report, available at: http://www.bjjtw.gov.cn/gzdt/ghjh/tjxx/201207/P020130712555604597022.pdf (accessed 1 July 2012).
• Cao, X., Chai, y. (2007), "Gender role-based differences in time allocation: Case study of Shenzhen, China", Journal of the Transportation Research Board,2014, pp. 58-66. DOI: 10.3141/2014-08
• Carrasco, J., Miller, E.J. (2009), "The social dimension in action: A multilevel, personal networks model of social activity frequency between individuals", Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Vol. 43, 90-104. DOI:10.1016/j.tra.2008.06.006
• Carrasco, J.A., Miller, E.J. (2006), "Exploring the propensity to perform social activities: a social network approach", Transportation, Vol. 33, pp. 463-480. DOI:10.1007/s11116-006-8074-z
• Clark, A.F., Scott, D.M. (2013), "Does the social environment influence active travel? An investigation of walking in Hamilton, Canada", Journal of Transport Geography, Vol. 31, pp. 278-285. DOI: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2013.06.005
• Clayton, W., Musselwhite, C. (2013), "Exploring changes to cycle infrastructure to improve the experience of cycling for families", Journal of Transport Geography, Vol. 33, pp. 54-61. DOI: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2013.09.003
• Dejbakhsh, S., Arrowsmith, C., Jackson, M. (2011), "Cultural influence on spatial behav-iour",Dogan, M. (2002), "Accelerated decline of religious beliefs in Europe", Comparative Sociology, Vol. 1, pp. 127-149. DOI: 10.1163/156913302100418466
• Ettema, D., Kwan, M.-P. (2010), "The influence of social ties on social and recreational activity participation of ethnic groups in the Netherlands", 12th WCTR, July 11-15, Lisbon, Portugal.
• Ettema, D., Zwartbol, D. (2013), "The structure of joint leisure trips: analyzing two-person leisure trips of Dutch students", Journal of Transport Geography, Vol. 31, pp. 216-225. DOI: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2013.05.006
• Fan, R. (2011), "Introduction: the rise of authentic Confucianism", in: Fan, R. (Ed.), Renaissance of Confucianism in contemporary China. DOI: 10.1007/978-94-0071542-4_1
• Fan, y., Khattak, A.J. (2009), "Does urban form matter in solo and joint activity engage-ment?",
• Fellows, N.T., Pitfield, D.E. (2000), "An economic and operational evaluation of urban carsharing", Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, Vol. 5 No. 1, 1-10. DOI: 10.1016/S1361-9209(99)00016-4
• Feng, J., Dijst, M., Prillwitz, J., Wissink, B. (2013), "Travel time and distance in international perspective: a comparison between Nanjing (China) and the Randstad (The Nether-lands)", Urban Studies, Vol. 50, pp. 2993-3010. DOI: 10.1177/0042098013482504
• Fiske, J. (1992), "Cultural studies and the culture of everyday life", in: Grossberg, L.N.,Gärling, T.,
• Gärling, A., Johansson, A. (2000), "Household choices of car-use reduction measure",
• Geoforum, Vol. 39, pp. 1362-1377. DOI: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2007.11.005
• Gliebe, J. P., Koppelman, F.S. (2002), "A model of joint activity participation between household members", Transportation, Vol. 29, pp. 49-72. DOI: 10.1023/A:1012995509777
• Hanson, S. (2000), "Transportation: hooked on speed, eyeing sustainability", in: Sheppard, E., Barnes T.J. (Eds.), A companion to economic geography, Blackwell Publishers, Malden.
• Hao, J., Hu, J., Fu, L. (2006), "Controlling vehicular emissions in Beijing during the last decade", Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Vol. 40, pp. 639-651.
• Harvey, A.S., Taylor, M.E. (2000), "Activity settings and travel behavior: A social contact perspective", Transportation, Vol. 27, pp. 53-73. DOI: 10.1023/A:1005207320044
• Ho, C., Mulley, C. (2013), "Tour-based mode choice of joint household travel patterns on weekend and weekday", Transportation, Vol. 40, pp. 789-811. DOI: 10.1007/s11116-013-9479-0
• Houtman, D., Mascini, P. (2002), "Why do churches become empty, which new age grows? Secularization and religious change in the Netherlands", Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, Vol. 41, pp. 455-473.
• http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IS.VEH.NVEH.P3 (accessed 27 August 2011).
• Hubers, C., Schwanen, T., Dijst, M. (2011), "Coordinating everyday life in the Netherlands: A holistic quantitative approach to the analysis of ICT-related and other work-life balance strategies", Geografiska Annaler: Series B, Human Geography, Vol. 93, pp. 57-80. DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0467.2011.00361.x
• Hui, C. H. (1988), "Measurement of individualism-collectivism", Journal of Research in Personality, Vol. 22, pp. 17-36. DOI: 10.1016/0092-6566(88)90022-0
• Hui, C.H., Triandis, H.C. (1986), "Individualism-collectivism: A study of cross-cultural researchers", Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Vol. 17, pp. 225-248. DOI: 10.1177/0022002186017002006.
• Inglehart, R., Baker, W.E. (2000), "Modernization, cultural change, and the persistence of traditional values", American Sociological Review, Vol. 65, pp. 19-51. DOI: 10.2307/2657288
• Katzev, R. (2003), "Car-sharing: A new approach to urban transportation problems", Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy, Vol. 3, pp. 65-86. DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-2415.2003.00015.x
• Komter, A.E., Knijn, T.C.M. (2006), "The strength of family ties", in: Dykstra, P.A., Kalmijn, M., Knijn, T.C.M., Komter, A.E., Liefbroer, A.C., Mulder, C.H. (Eds.), Family solidarity in the Netherlands, Dutch University Press, Amsterdam.
• Landscape and Urban Planning, Vol. 92, pp. 199-209. DOI: 10.1016/j.landurb-plan.2009.05.006
• Lee, y. Hickman, M., Washington, S. (2007), "Household type and structure, time-use pattern, and trip-chaining behavior", Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Vol. 41, pp. 1004-1020.
• Leung, K. (2010), "Beliefs in Chinese culture", in: Bond, M.H. (Ed.), The Oxford hand-book of Chinese psychology, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
• Lin, T., Wang, D. (2014), "Social networks and joint/solo activity-travel behawior", Trans-portation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Vol. 68, pp. 18-31. DOI: 10.1016/j.tra.2014.04.011
• Manrai, L.A., Manrai, A.K. (2011), "Hofstede's cultural dimensions and tourist behaviors: a review and conceptual framework", Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Science, Vol. 16, pp. 23-48.
• Miller, E.J., Roorda, M.J., Carrasco, J.A. (2005), "A tour-based model of travel mode choice", Transportation, Vol. 32, pp. 399-422. DOI: 10.1007/s11116-004-7962-3
• Moore, J., Carrasco, J., Tudela, A. (2013), "Exploring the links between personal networks, time use, and the spatial distribution of social contacts", Transportation, Vol. 40, pp. 773-788. DOI: 10.1007/s11116-013-9467-4
• National Bureau of Statistics (2014), The national economic and social development statistical bulletin for China, available at: http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/zxfb/201502/t20150226_685799.html (accessed 26 February 2015).
• Neison, T.D. (Ed.), Ageism: stereotyping and prejudice against older persons, MIT Press, Cambridge.
• Neutens, T., Schwanen, T., Witlox, F., De Maeyer, P.D. (2008), "My Space or your space? Towards a measure of joint accessibility", Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, Vol. 32, pp. 331-342. DOI: 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2008.06.001
• Ng, S. H. (2004), "Will families support their elders? Answers from across cultures", in:
• Oyserman, D., Coon, H.M., Kemmelmeier, M. (2002), "Rethinking individualism and collectivism: evaluation of theoretical assumptions and meta-analyses", Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 128, pp. 3-72. DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.128.1.3
• Oyserman, D., Lee, S.W. (2008), "Does culture influence what and how we think? Effects of priming individualism and collectivism", Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 134, pp. 311-342. DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.134.2.311
• Pelzer, P. (2010), "Bicycling as a way of life: A comparative case study of bicycle culture in Portland, OR and Amsterdam", Paper Presented to the 7th Cycling and Society Symposium, Oxford, UK, available at: http://www.tsu.ox.ac.uk/events/100906/csspelzer-paper.pdf.
• Phan, M.B., Blumer, N., Demaiter, E.I. (2009), "Helping hands: neighborhood diversity, deprivation, and reciprocity of support in non-kin networks", Journal of Social and Personal Relationship, Vol. 26, pp. 899-918. DOI: 10.1177/0265407509345655
• Price, L., Matthews, B. (2013), "Travel time as quality time: parental attitudes to long distance travel with young children", Journal of Transport Geography, Vol. 32, pp. 49-55. DOI: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2013.08.001
• Ruppanner, L.E. (2010), "Cross-national reports of housework: an investigation of the gender empowerment measure", Social Science Research, Vol. 39, pp. 963-975. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2010.04.002
• Schwanen, T. (2008), "Dutch transport geography page", Journal of Transport Geography, Vol. 16, pp. 447-448. DOI: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2008.07.004
• Schwanen, T., Dijst, M., Dieleman, F.M. (2002), "A microlevel analysis of residential context and travel time", Environment and Planning A, Vol. 34, pp. 1487-1507. DOI: 10.1068/a34159
• Schwanen, T., Ettema, D., Timmermans, H. (2007), "If you pick up the children, I'll do the groceries: spatial differences in between-partner interactions in out-of-home activities", Environment and Planning A, Vol. 39, pp. 2754-2773. DOI: 10.1068/a38491
• Schwanen, T., Kwan, M. (2008), "The internet, mobile phone and space-time constraints",
• Schwanen, T., Kwan, M., Ren, F. (2008), "How fixed is fixed? Gendered rigidity of space-time constraints and geographies of everyday activities", Geoforum, Vol. 39, pp. 2109-2121. DOI: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2008.09.002
• Sharmeen, F., Ettema, D. (2010), "Whom to hang out with and where? Analysis of the influence of spatial setting on the choice of activity company", proceedings from 12thWCTR. July 11-15, Lisbon, Portugal.
• Srinivasan, S., Bhat, C.R. (2008), "An exploratory analysis of joint-activity participation characteristics using the American time use survey", Transportation, Vol. 35, pp. 301-327. DOI: 10.1007/s11116-007-9155-3
• The World Bank (2008), World Bank data: motor vehicles (per 1,000 people), available at:
• Tourism Geographies, Vol. 13, pp. 91-111. DOI: 10.1080/14616688.2010.516396.
• Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Vol. 34, pp. 309-320.
• Treichler, C. (Eds.), Cultural studies, Routledge, New york.
• Walker, K. (1995), ""Always there for me": friendship patterns and expectations among middle-and working-class men and women", Sociological Forum, 10, 273-296. DOI: 10.1007/BF02095961.
• Wang, D., Chai, y., Li, F. (2010), "Built environment diversities and activity-travel behavior variations in Beijing, China", Journal of Transport Geography, Vol. 19, pp. 1173-1186.
• Wellman, B. (2001), "Physical place and cyberplace: the rise of personalized networking", International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Vol. 25, pp. 227-252. DOI: 10.1111/14682427.00309.
• Wellman, B., Wortley, S. (1990), "Different strokes from different folks: community ties and Social support", American Journal of Sociology, Vol. 96, pp. 558-588. DOI: 10.1086/229572.
• Wink, P. (1997), "Beyond ethnic differences: contextualizing the influence of ethnicity on individualism and collectivism", Journal of Social Issues, Vol. 53, pp. 329-350. DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-4560.1997.tb02446.x
• Zhan, H.J., Montgomery, R.J.V. (2003), "Gender and elder care in China: the influence of filial piety and structural constraints", Gender & Society, Vol. 17, pp. 209-229. DOI: 10.1177/08912432022507.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.12775/JPM.2018.152