Managing Expats and Their Effectiveness : a Comparative Study

• Autorzy: Panagiotis Papadopoulos , Zoheir Ezziane
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Objective: This paper investigates how expatriates and UAE citizens understand the effectiveness of expats' performance and significance in the workplace. In addition, it explores the difficulty of managing expats to achieve operational excellence.
Methodology: A questionnaire was sent to over 1000 subjects whose feedback was analysed using descriptive statistics. A t-test has been used for the inferential part whenever requirements allowed it; in case this was not possible, a Mann-Whitney U test was used.
Findings: The results of the conducted statistical analysis suggest that expats think it is difficult to be managed in the UAE compared to the locals who find it relatively easy to manage them. Furthermore, expats believe their effectiveness as a distinct competency to organizations is much higher compared to UAE citizens.
Value Added: The results of the conducted statistical analysis point some important conclusions about the way that expats and local Emiratis view differently in managing expats and effectiveness of expats.
Recommendations: A further research of this study can be done by examining various types of firms and organizations, by distinguishing them based on their provided services. Comparison among the 7 emirates could also be examined. Comparison between the views of different nationalities of the expats would be very interesting. Other parameters to be examined include age, educational level, nationality (or country of origin), and marital status of the participants. (original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Expatriate; Multicultural; Labour force

PL

Ekspat; Wielokulturowość; Siła robocza

• Czasopismo: Journal of Intercultural Management
• Rocznik: 2020
• Tom: 12
• Numer: nr 1
• Strony: 138--157

Twórcy

autor

Panagiotis Papadopoulos

• Higher Colleges of Technology Al Ain, UAE

autor

Zoheir Ezziane

• Higher Colleges of Technology Al Ain, UAE

Bibliografia

• Al Darmaki, N., & Ezziane, Z. (2018). Organizing Energies from Different Cultures and Achieving Operational Excellence. International Journal of Operations and Quantitative Management, 24(1), 39-48.
• Aytug, Z. G., Rua, T., Brazeal, D. V., Almaraz, J., & Gonzales, C. B. (2018). A socio-cultural approach to multicultural experience: Why interactions matter for creative thinking but exposures don't. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 64, 29-42.
• Barbieri, I., Zani, B., & Sonn, C. (2014). Meanings of community in contexts of multiculture: The role of citizenship, identity, and cultural changes. Journal of Community Psychology, 42(8), 980-996.
• Benos, B. (1997). Statistics: Descriptive Statistics (Vol. A), Stamoulis edition.
• Dahi, M., & Ezziane, Z. (2015). Measuring e-government adoption in Abu Dhabi with Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). International Journal of Electronic Governance, 7(3), 206-231.
• De Bel-Air, F. (2015). Demography, Migration, and the Labour Market in the UAE, Explanatory Note No. 7/2015. Gulf Labour Market and Migration (GLMM) programme of the Migration Policy Center (MPC) and the Gulf Research Center (GRC). Retrieved from cadmus.eui.eu/bitstream/handle/1814/36375/GLMM_ExpNote_07_2015.pdf.
• De Dreu, C. K. W., Kluwer, E. S., Euwema, M. S., & Van der Vegt, G. S. (2017). Conflict and Culture Across Time and Space: Work and Legacy of Evert van de Vliert. Negotiation and Conflict Management Research, 10(2), 141-152.
• Deloitte (2014). Operational Excellence. Retrieved from www.deloitte.com, http://www.deloitte.com/view/en_VG/vg/services/consulting/strategyoperations/operationalexcellence/index.htm.
• Duggan (2013). Eight operational excellence principles to grow your business. Retrieved from http://www.processexcellencenetwork.com/lean-six-sigma-business-transformation/articles/8-operational-excellence-principles-to-grow-your-b/.
• DuPont (2005). Delivering Operational Excellence to the Global Market. Retrieved from: https://docplayer.net/2045056-Delivering-operational-excellence-to-the-global-market-a-dupont-integrated-systems-approach.html.
• Euchi, J., Bouzidi, D., & Bouzidi, Z. (2019). Interpretive structural modeling technique to analyze the interactions between the factors influencing the performance of the reverse logistics chain. Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management, 20(1), 43-55.
• Elia, S., Petruzzelli, A. M., & Piscitello, L. (2019). The impact of cultural diversity on innovation performance of MNC subsidiaries in strategic alliances. Journal of Business Research, 98, 204-213.
• Ezziane, Z., &, Al Kaabi, A. (2015). Impact of Social Media towards improving Productivity at AADC. International Journal of Virtual Communities and Social Networking (IJVCSN), 7(4), 1-22.
• Farooq, Q., Fu, P., Ahmad, S., Zhang, Y., & Hao, Y. (2019). Assessing Human Factor in the Adoption of Computer-Based Information Systems as the Internal Corporate Social Responsibility. SAGE Open, 9(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244019868858.
• Frost & Sullivan (2008). How to improve your operational excellence - TQM Vs Six Sigma. Retrieved from www.frost.com/prod/servlet/cio/116843782.
• Garmero, A., Kampelmann, S., & Rycx, F. (2014). The Heterogeneous Effects of Workforce Diversity on Productivity, Wages, and Profits. Industrial Relations, 53(3), 430-477.
• Glinkowska, B. (2016). Managing Team in the Multicultural Orgnizations. Journal of Intercultural Management, 8(2), 55-69.
• Gover, L., Halinski, M., & Duxbury, L. (2016). Is it Just Me? Exploring Perceptions of Organizational Culture Change. British Journal of Management, 27(3), 567-582.
• Gröschke, D., & Schäfer, T. (2012 ). The necessity for self-regulation in intercultural situations. European J. of Cross-Cultural Competence and Management, 2(2), 133-148.
• Hills, R. C., & Atkins, P. W. (2013). Cultural identity and convergence on western attitudes and beliefs in the United Arab Emirates. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 13(2), 193-213.
• Houmanfar, R. A., Alavosius, M. P., Morford, Z. H., Herbst, S. A., & Reimer, D. (2015). Functions of Organizational Leaders in Cultural Change: Financial and Social Well-Being. Journal of Organizational Behavior Management, 35(1-2), 4-27.
• Jyoti, J., & Kour, S. (2017). Cultural intelligence and job performance: An imperical investigation of moderating and mediating variables. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 17(3), 305-326.
• Kessler, K., Cao, L., O'Shea, K. J., & Wang, H. (2014). A cross-culture, cross-gender comparison of perspective taking mechanisms. Proceedings of Biological Sciences, 281(1785). https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0388.
• Kipnis, E., Demangeot, C., Pullig, C., & Broderick, A.J. (2019). Consumer multicultural identity affiliation: Reassessing identity segmentation in multicultural markets. Journal of Business Research, 98, 126-141.
• Kyriazopoulos P. G., & Samanta, E. (2011). Writing dissertations methodology, Athens: Contemporary editions.
• Maderer, D., Holtbugge, D., & Schuster, T. (2014). Professional football squads as multicultural teams: Cultural diversity, intercultural experience, and team performance. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 14(2), 215-238.
• Malik, A. R., Cooper-Thomas, H. D., & Jelena, Z. (2014). The neglected role of cultural intelligence in recent immigrant newcomers' socialization. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 14(2), 195-213.
• Mansouri, F., & Vergani, M. (2018). Intercultural contact, knowledge of Islam, and prejudice against muslims in Australia. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 66, 85-94.
• McCreery, J., Phillips, E., & Francesco, C. (2013). Operational excellence: The imperative for oil and gas companies. Retrieved from www.bain.com: http://www.bain.com/publications/articles/operational-excellence-the-imperative-for-oil-and-gas-companies.aspx.
• Meyer, E. (2014). The Culture Map. New York: Public Affairs.
• Okpara, J. O. (2016). Cross-cultural adjustment of expatriates. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 16(3), 259-280.
• Okpara, J. O., & Kabongo, J. D. (2011). Cross-cultural training and expatriate adjustment: A study of western expatriates in Nigeria. Journal of World Business, 46(1), 22-30.
• Oyemomi, O., Liu, S., Neaga, I., Chen, H., & Nakpodia, F. (2019). How cultural impact on knowledge sharing contributes to organizational performance: Using the fsQCA approach. Journal of Business Research, 94, 313-319.
• Papadopoulos, P., & Xenaki, M. (2017). The marketing of Higher Education: How the features of an educational institution affect the sellection of post graduate courses by prospective students. Journal of Tourism, Heritage and Services Marketing, 3(2).
• Presbitero, A., & Attar, H. (2018). Intercultural communication effectiveness, cultural intelligence and knowledge sharing: Extending anxiety-uncertainty management theory. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 67, 35-43.
• Primecz, H., Romani, L., & Sackmann, S. (2011). Cross-Cultural Management in Practice: Culture and Negotiated Meanings. Edward Elgar Publishing.
• Przytuła, S. (2018). Global Labor Market Trends and Their Significance for the Future Employees' Competences . Journal of Intercultural Management, 10(4), 5-38.
• Rezaei, G., Mardani A., Senin A. A., Wong, K.Y., Sadeghi, L., Najmi, M., & Shaharoun, A.M. (2018). Relationship between culture of excellence and organisational performance in Iranian manufacturing companies. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 29(1-2), 94-115.
• Richardson, L. (2019). Culturalisation and devices: what is culture in cultural economy? Journal of Cultural Economy, 12(3), 228-241.
• Sawagvudcharee, O., Yoles, M., Fink, G., & Dauber, D. et al. (2019). Dealing with Change towards Culture and Cognitive. International Journal of Management and Applied Science (IJMAS), 6(7), 21-27.
• Scullion, H., & David, C. (2010). Global talent Management. Routledge.
• Shalender, K., & Yadav, R.K. (2019). Strategic Flexibility, Manager Personality, and Firm Performance: The Case of Indian Automobile Industry. Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management, 20(1), 77-90.
• Shehadeh, R., Al-Zu'bi, Z. M. F, Abdallah, A. B., & Maqableh, M. (2016). Investigating Critical Factors Affecting the Operational Excellence of Service Firms in Jordan. Journal of Management Research, 8(1), 18-49.
• Shenkar, O. (2001). Cultural Distance Revisited: Towards a More Rigorous Conceptualization and Measurement of Cultural Differences. International Business Studies, 32(3), 519-535.
• Tihanyi, L., Griffith, D. A., & Russel, C. J. (2005). The effect of cultural distance on entry mode choice, international diversification, and MNE performance: a meta-analysis. Journal of International Business Studies, 36(3), 270-283.
• Varshneyand, D., & Varshney, N. K. (2017). The effect of resilience on performance and job satisfaction among construction managers in Saudi Arabia. Global Business and Organizational Excellence, 36(5), 36-45.
• Wassem, M., Baig, S.A., Abrar, M., & Hashim, M. et al. (2019). Impact of Capacity Building and Managerial Support on Employees' Performance: The Moderating Role of Employees' Retention. SAGE Open, 9(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244019859957.
• Yang, D., & Rhee, M. (2017). The role of co-production networks in organisations' efforts to enhance the learning curve outcomes. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 28(11-12), 1421-1445.
• Zgodavova, K., Hudec, O., & Palfy, P. (2017). Culture of quality: insight into foreign organisations in Slovakia. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 28(9-10), 1054-1075.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.2478/joim-2020-0035