PL EN


Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników
Czasopismo
2020 | 19 | nr 1 | 7--20
Tytuł artykułu

Plastic Waste as a Challenge for Sustainable Development and Circularity in the European Union

Autorzy
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
Motivation: Plastics are valuable materials covering a wide range of applications in everyday life and have the potential to be recycled many times while retaining their value and functional properties. However, the scale of the problem associated with improper management of plastic waste in the EU is enormous, which entails economic costs (the potential associated with the recycling of plastic waste remains largely unexploited) and irreversible losses for the environment. Solving the problems of plastic waste becomes the strategic goal of the EU, which takes action to support transition towards a circular economy and adopts first-ever Europe-wide strategy on plastics. These issues are current and important. Aim: The aim of the article is to assess the previous efficiency of plastic waste management in the EU countries which, so far, results from the implementation of national policies. The Strategy for Plastic waste will be also discussed as a response to contemporary challenges and as an element of achieving the goals of sustainable development and circular economy. Results: In the last years, the efficiency of plastic waste management have improved but still a huge share of plastic is wasted. The challenge is to increase recycling rates and to change unfavorable structure of plastic waste reuse: at this time energy recovery rate (41.6%) is still higher than the recycling rate (31.1%), and the recycling rate only slightly exceeds the landfill rate (27.3%). The second problem concerns single-use plastic packaging which accounts for about 60.0% of the plastic waste in the EU. Adopting first ever European plastics strategy, the EU addresses environmental problems and solutions to help the transition to a CE. The goals are ambitious but realistic to meet in the coming years. They can bring a real change but at the same time this is just the beginning of the process. (original abstract)
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
19
Numer
Strony
7--20
Opis fizyczny
Twórcy
  • Wrocław University of Economics, Poland
Bibliografia
  • Adams, W.M. (2009). Green development: environment and sustainability in a developing world. London: Routledge.
  • Al-Salem, S.M., Lettieri, P., & Baeyens, J. (2009). Recycling and recovery routes of plastic solid waste (PSW): a review. Waste Management, 29(10). doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2009.06.004.
  • Ambrogi, V., Carfagna, C., Cerruti, P., & Marturano, V. (2017). Additives in polymers. In C.F. Jasso-Gastinel, & J.M. Kenny (Eds.), Modification of polymer properties. Boston: Elsevier. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-44353-1.00004-X.
  • Bocken, N.M.P., Olivetti, E.A., Cullen, J.M., Potting, J., & Lifset, R. (2017). Taking the circularity to the next level: a special issue on the circular economy. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 21(3). doi:10.1111/jiec.12606.
  • Boulding, K. (1966). The economics of the coming spaceship earth. In: H. Jarrett, (Ed.), Environmental quality in a growing economy. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
  • Directive (EU) 2018/849 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2018 amending Directives 2000/53/EC on end-of-life vehicles, 2006/66/EC on batteries and accumulators and waste batteries and accumulators, and 2012/19/EU on waste electrical and electronic equipment (OJ L 150).
  • Directive (EU) 2018/850 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2018 amending Directive 1999/31/EC on the landfill of waste (OJ L 150).
  • Directive (EU) 2018/851 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2018 amending Directive 2008/98/EC on waste (OJ L 150).
  • Directive (EU) 2018/852 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2018 amending Directive 94/62/EC on packaging and packaging waste (OJ L 150).
  • Directive (EU) 2019/904 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 June 2019 on the reduction of the impact of certain plastic products on the environment (OJ L 155).
  • Ellen MacArthur Foundation, Stiftungsfonds für Umweltökonomie und Nachhaltigkeit, & McKinsey Center for Business and Environment. (2015). Growth within: a circular economy vision for a competitive Europe. Retrieved 16.12.2018 from https://www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org.
  • Ellen MacArthur Foundation. (2013). Towards the circular economy. Retrieved 15.12.2018 from https://www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org.
  • Ellen MacArthur Foundation. (2017). The new plastics economy: rethinking the future of plastics & catalysing action. Retrieved 20.12.2018 from https://www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org.
  • European Association of Plastics Recycling and Recovery Organizations. (2019). Retrieved 18.12.2018 from http://www.epro-plasticsrecycling.org.
  • European Commission. (2015). Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions: closing the loop: an EU action plan for the circular economy (COM/2015/0614).
  • European Commission. (2017). Special Eurobarometer 468: attitudes of European citizens towards the environment. Retrieved 20.11.2018 from https://ec.europa.eu.
  • European Commission. (2018a). Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions: a European strategy for plastics in a circular economy (COM/2018/028).
  • European Commission. (2018b). Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions: on a monitoring framework for the circular economy (COM/2018/029).
  • European Commission. (2019). Report from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions: on the implementation of the circular economy action plan (COM/2019/190).
  • Eurostat. (2019). Retrieved 20.12.2018 from https://ec.europa.eu.
  • Geyer, R., Jambeck, J.R., & Law, K.L. (2017). Production, use, and fate of all plastics ever made. Science Advances, 3(7). doi:10.1126/sciadv.1700782.
  • Ghisellini, P., Cialani, C., & Ulgiati, S. (2016). A review on circular economy: the expected transition to a balanced interplay of environmental and economic systems. Journal of Cleaner Production, 114. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.09.007.
  • Hestin, M., Faninge, T., & Milios, L. (2015). Increased EU plastics recycling targets: environmental, economic and social impact assessment. Retrieved 17.12.2018 from https://www.plasticsrecyclers.eu.
  • Jambeck, J., Geyer, R., Wilcox, C., Siegler, T.R., Perryman, M., Andrady, A., Narayan, R., & Law, K.L. (2015). Plastic waste inputs from land into the ocean. Science, 437(6223). doi:10.1126/science.1260352.
  • Kirchherr, J., Reike, D., & Hekkert, M. (2017). Conceptualizing the circular economy: an analysis of 114 definitions. Resources, Conservation & Recycling, 127. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.09.005.
  • Lieder, M., & Rashid, A. (2016). Towards circular economy implementation: a comprehensive review in context of manufacturing industry. Journal of Cleaner Production, 115. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.12.042.
  • Ludovic, H., Alexandre, D., Ika, P., Camille, L., Ronan, J., Philippe, S., & Guillaume, D. (2017). Occurrence and effects of plastic additives on marine environments and organisms: a review. Chemosphere, 182. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.05.096.
  • Meadows, D.H., Meadows, D.L., Randers, J., & Behrens III, W.W. (1972). The limits to growth. New York: Universe Books.
  • Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. (2005). Ecosystems and human well-being: general synthesis. Retrieved 17.12.2018 from http://www.millenniumassessment.org.
  • National Ocean Service. (2019). Retrieved 15.12.2018 from https://oceanservice.noaa.gov.
  • PlasticsEurope. (2018). Plastics: the Facts 2018: an analysis of European plastics production, demand and waste data. Retrieved 15.12.2018 from https://www.plasticseurope.org.
  • Ragaert, K., Delva, L., & Van Geem, K. (2017). Mechanical and chemical recycling of solid plastic waste. Waste Management, 69. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2017.07.044.
  • Rockström, J., Steffen, W., Noone, K., Persson, A., Chapin III, F.S., Lambin, E.F., ... Foley, J.A. (2009). A safe operating space for humanity. Nature, 461(7263). doi:10.1038/461472a.
  • Science History Institute. (2018). History and future of plastics. Retrieved 20.11.2018 from https://www.sciencehistory.org.
  • Steffen, W., Richardson, K., Rockstrom, J., Cornell, S.E., Fetzer, I., Bennett, E.M., ... Sorlin, S. (2015). Planetary boundaries: guiding human development on a changing planet. Science, 347(6223). doi:10.1126/science.1259855.
  • Vuta, M., Vuta, M., Enciu, A., & Cioaca, S.I. (2018). Assessment of the circular economy's impact in the EU economic growth. Amfiteatru Economic, 20(48). doi:10.24818/EA/2018/48/248.
  • Wasilewski, R., & Siudyga, T. (2013). Energy recovery from waste plastics. Chemik, 67(5).
  • Watkins, E., & Brink, P. (2017). Marine litter: socio-economic study. Retrieved 20.11.2018 from https://wedocs.unep.org.
  • Wollny, V., Dehoust, G., Fritsche, U.R., & Weinem, P. (2008). Comparison of plastic packaging waste management options: feedstock re-cycling versus energy recovery in Germany. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 5(3). doi:10.1162/108819801760049468.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikatory
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.ekon-element-000171587956

Zgłoszenie zostało wysłane

Zgłoszenie zostało wysłane

Musisz być zalogowany aby pisać komentarze.
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.