Migration for Achievement: The Life Strategies of Skilled IT Migrants from Ukraine in Australia

• Autorzy: Olga Oleinikova
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Based on 25 interviews with high-skilled migrants, this article examines the migration of IT professionals from Ukraine in Australia. Their migration experience - identified as 'migration for achievement' - is examined in three ways. First, the article sets out the structural context for migration and the formation of the achievement life strategy: (1) the emergence and growth of the IT industry in Ukraine, in combination with (2) shifts in Australian migration policy triggered by the growth of the innovation economy and demand for highly skilled migrants. Second, it examines migration decision-making and the individual motivations, values, aims and agency of migrants. Third, the article explores how achievement life strategies are recreated or transformed after migration by looking into the migrants' adaptation, occupational outcomes, language and national identity, future plans and aspirations. The narratives of the 'achievement migrants' in Australia form a story of well-integrated members of Australian society and active agents of social and economic life. Given their capacity to successfully maintain their social and economic status after migration, along with their positive contributions to Australian society in terms of social cohesion, innovation and economic production, this group can be considered a 'brain-gain' for Australia. (author's abstract)(original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Occupational migration; Computer scientists; Employee skills

PL

Migracja zawodowa; Informatycy; Umiejętności pracownicze

• Czasopismo: Central and Eastern European Migration Review
• Rocznik: 2020
• Tom: 9
• Numer: nr 2
• Strony: 53--70

Twórcy

autor

Olga Oleinikova

• University of Technology Sydney, Australia

Bibliografia

• Abulkhanova-Slavskaya K. A. (2001). Strategiya zhizni [Life Strategy]. Moscow: Publishing House Mysl.
• Arunachalam D., Healy E. (2009). Australia's Skilled Migration Programme and Skilled Migration Between Australia and Japan, in: J. Corbett, A. Daly, H. Matsushige, D. Taylor (eds), Laggards and Leaders in Labour Market Reform, pp. 180-204. London, New York: Routledge.
• Australian Trade Commission (2008). International Business Opportunities for the Australian ICT Industry 2009. Canberra: Australian Trade Commission.
• Babenko S. S. (2004). Sotsyalnyi mechanism post-sovetskoy transformatsyi: deyatelnostno-strukturnyi podhod [Social Mechanism of Post-Soviet Transformation: Agency-Structure Approach], in: O. D. Kutsenko, S. S. Babenko (eds), Postkomunystycheskye transformatsiyi: vektori, napravleniya, soderzhaniye, pp. 251-274. Kharkiv: V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University Publisher.
• Bauder H. (2003). Equality, Justice and the Problem of International Borders: The Case of Canadian Immigration Regulation. ACME: An International Journal for Critical Geographies 2(2): 167-182.
• Beine M., Docquir F., Rapoport H. (2008). Brain Drain and Human Capital Formation in Developing Countries: Winners and Losers. The Economic Journal 118(528): 631-652.
• Belyaeva L. A. (2001). Strategii vyzhivaniya, adaptacii, preuspevaniya [Strategies of Survival, Adaptation, Prosperity]. Socis: Sociological Research 6: 44-53.
• Boucher A. (2013). Bureaucratic Control and Policy Change: A Comparative Venue Shopping Approach to Skilled Immigration Policies in Australia and Canada. Journal of Comparative Policy Analysis: Research and Practice 15(4): 349-367.
• Castles S. (2010). Understanding Global Migration: A Social Transformation Perspective. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 36(10): 1565-1586.
• Castles S., Miller M. J. (2009). The Age of Migration: International Population Movements in the Modern World. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
• Cohen L., Manion L., Morrison K. (2007). Research Methods in Education. London: Routledge.
• DIAC (2012). Settlement Database (SDB). Canberra: Department of Immigration and Citizenship.
• DIAC (2014). Settlement Database (SDB). Canberra: Department of Immigration and Citizenship.
• DIBP (2014). Partner Category Visa. Canberra: Department of Immigration and Border Protection.
• Docquier F., Rapoport H. (2012). Globalization, Brain Drain and Development. Journal of Economic Literature 50(3): 681-730.
• Florida R. (2005). The Flight of the Creative Class: The New Global Competition for Talent. New York: Harper Collins Business.
• Geisen T. (2013). The Complexity of Migration: Life-Strategies of Migrant Family Members and Families, paper delivered at the conference entitled 'Themis Conference 2013' held at the International Migration Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, 24-26 September 2013.
• Giddens A. (1979). Central Problems in Theory: Action, Structure and Contradiction in Social Analysis. London: Macmillan.
• Giddens A. (1984). The Constitution of Society: Outline of the Theory of Structuration. Cambridge: Polity Press.
• Gill N., Bialski P. (2011). New Friends in New Places: Network Formation during the Migration Process among Poles in the UK. Geoforum 42(2): 241-249.
• Golovakha G. I. (2000). Zhiznennaya perspektiva i zennostnie orientacii lichnosti [Life Prospects and Values of the Individual]. Psychology of Personality in the Works of Domestic Psychologists, 212-267. Kyiv.
• Golovakha G. I., Panina N. V. (2006). Osnovnye etapy I tendencii transformacii ukrainskogo obschestva: ot perestroiki do orangevoi revolutsii [Main Stages and Trends in the Transformation of Ukrainian Society: From Restructuring to the Orange Revolution]. Sociology: Theory, Methods, Marketing 3(1): 32-51.
• Hawthorne L. (2005). 'Picking Winners': The Recent Transformation of Australia's Skilled Migration Policy. International Migration Review 39(3): 663-696.
• Hugo G. (2004). Future Immigration Policy Development in Australia and New Zealand. New Zealand Population Review 30(1-2): 23-42.
• Hugo G. (2006a). Australian Experience in Skilled Migration, in: C. Kuptsch, E. F. Pang (eds), Competing for Global Talent, pp. 107-154. Geneva: International Institute for Labour Studies.
• Hugo G. (2006b). Globalization and Changes in Australian International Migration. Journal of Population Research 23(2): 107-134.
• Intellias (2013). Ukraine to Win the 4th Position Globally for the Number of IT Specialists. Lviv: Intellias.
• Kennedy P. (2004). Making Global Society: Friendship Networks among Transnational Professionals in the Building Industry. Global Networks 4(2): 157-179.
• Kenway J., Fahey J. (2006). The Research Imagination in a World on the Move. Globalisation, Societies and Education 4(2): 261-274.
• Kenway J., Fahey J. (2009). Academic Mobility and Hospitality: The Good Host and the Good Guest. European Educational Research Journal 8(4): 555-559.
• Kuptsch C., Pang E. F. (2006). Competing for Global Talent. Geneva: International Institute for Labour Studies.
• Kutsenko O. D. (2004). Fazi i puti sistemnyh transformacii: podobia i razlichia v byvshyh stranah gosudarstvennogo socializma [Phases and Pathways of Systemic Transformations: Similarities and Differences in Former Socialists States], in: O. D. Kutsenko, S. S. Babenko (eds), Postkomunystycheskye transformatsiyi: vektori, napravleniya, soderzhaniye [Post-Communists Transformation: Vectors, Directions, Content], pp. 251-274. Kharkiv: V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University Publisher.
• Kutsenko O. D., Babenko S. S. (2004). Changing Diversity: Vectors, Dimensions and Content of Post-Communist Transformation. Kharkiv: V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University Publisher.
• Markus A. B., Jupp J., McDonald P. (2009). Australia's Immigration Revolution. Sydney: Allen and Unwin.
• Massey D. S. (1988). Economic Development and International Migration in Comparative Perspective. Population and Development Review 14(3): 383-413.
• Massey D. S., Arango J., Hugo G., Kouaouci A., Pellegrino A., Taylor J. E. (1998). Worlds in Motion: Understanding International Migration at the End of the Millennium. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• Mrozowicki A. (2011). Coping with Social Change: Life Strategies of Workers in Poland's New Capitalism. Leuven: Leuven University Press.
• Naumova N. R. (1995). Zhyznennaya strategya cheloveka v perehodnom obschestve [Individual Life Strategy in a Transitional Society]. Journal of Sociology 1: 2-12.
• Oleinikova O. (2017). Moving out of 'Their Places': 1991-2016 Migration of Ukrainians to Australia, in: A. Pikulicka-Wilczewska, G. Uehling (eds), Migration and the Ukraine Crisis: A Two-Country Perspective, pp. 90-104. Bristol: E-International Relations.
• Oleinikova O. (2020). Life Strategies of Migrants from Crisis Regimes: Achiever or Survivor? London: Palgrave Macmillan.
• Oleinikova O., Bayeh J. (2019). Democracy, Diaspora, Territory: Europe and Cross-Border Politics. London: Routledge.
• O'Reilly K. (2012). International Migration and Social Theory. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.
• Reznik Y. M. (1995). Social Dimension of a Life World (Introduction to Sociology of Life). Moscow: Souz.
• Reznik T. E., Reznik Y. M. (1995). Zhyznennue strategyi lychnosty [Individual Life Strategies]. Socis: Sociological Research 12: 100-105.
• Reznik T. E., Reznik Y. M. (1996). Zhyznennoe oryentyrovanye lychnosti: analiz i konulstyrovanye [Individual Life Orientation: Analysis and Advice]. Socis: Sociological Research 2: 110-119.
• Reznik Y. M., Smirnov E. A. (2002). Zhyznennue strategyi lychnosty [Life Strategies of a Person (Experience of Complex Analysis)]. Moscow: Institute of Human Sciences, Independent Institute of Civil Society.
• Scott S. (2007). The Community Morphology of Skilled Migration: The Changing Role of Voluntary and Community Organizations (VCOS) in the Grounding of British Migrants in Paris (France). Geoforum 38(4): 655-676.
• Smail S. (2013). IT Sector Says Efforts to Fix Skills Crisis Falling Short. ABC News, 28 December. Online: http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-12-27/it-sector-laments-continuing-skill... (accessed: 1 December 2020).
• Straubhaar T. (2000). International Mobility of the Highly Skilled: Brain Gain, Brain Drain or Brain Exchange. Discussion Paper No. 26296. Hamburg: Hamburg Institute of International Economics.
• Taran P. (2009). Economic Migration, Social Cohesion and Development: Towards an Integrated Approach. Strasbourg: Council of Europe.
• Ukrainian Hi-Tech Initiative (2012). Exploring Ukraine. IT Outsourcing Industry 2012 Report. Kiev: Ukrainian Hi-Tech Initiative.
• Vertovec S. (2002). Transnational Network and Skilled Labour Migration. Transnational Communities Working Paper No. WPTC-02-02. Oxford: University of Oxford.
• Volodko V. (2007). The Choice of Migration Country and Life Trajectories of Ukrainian Labour Migrants (Regional Aspect). The Herald of Odessa National University. Issue 'Sociology. Politology' 12(6): 679-686.
• Walby S., Gottfried H., Gottschall K., Osawa M. (eds) (2006). Gendering the Knowledge Economy: Comparative Perspectives. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
• Williams A. M. (2006). Lost in Translation? International Migration, Learning and Knowledge. Progress in Human Geography 30(5): 588-607.
• Zaslavskaya I. T. (1999). Transformation Process in Russia: Socio-Structural Aspect, in: I. T. Zaslavskaya, Z. I. Kalugina (eds), Social Trajectory of the Reforming Russia: Research of Novosibirsk School of Economics and Sociology, pp. 23-38. Novosibirsk: Siberian Enterprise.
• Zaslavskaya I. T., Yadov V. A. (2008). Report on the Opening of III Russian Sociological Congress. Online: http://polit.ru/article/2008/10/29/soctransformations/ (accessed: 1 December 2020).
• Zlobina O., Tykhonovych V. (2001). Societal Crisis and Life Strategies of Individual. Kiev: Stylos.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.17467/ceemr.2020.12