Linking the EU ETS With California's Cap-and-trade Program: a Law and Economics Assessment

• Autorzy: Manolis Kotzampasakis , Edwin Woerdman
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Aim: This paper aims to evaluate the legal barriers and policy obstacles to linking the European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) with California's Cap-and-Trade Program in the United States, and to identify potential legal solutions to overcome them, by taking a law and economics perspective. Design / research methods: A qualitative law and economics analysis is performed by combining the legal-dogmatic method with insights from economic theory. Primary sources are the respective legal frameworks, ETS regulations, past linking agreements and relevant case law. Secondary sources include the relevant legal and economic literature, as well as policy documents, reports and press releases. Conclusions / findings: An EU-California linkage of emissions trading systems (ETSs) is legally feasible on the basis of an informal agreement, through reciprocal amendments to the respective ETS-regulations. Potential barriers could emerge, in particular from misaligned provisions regarding price containment measures and offsets. A gradual implementation of certain mutually beneficial ETS reforms, possibly in conjunction with initially restricted linkage, can provide momentum for transcending these barriers. Originality / value of the article: To date, no linking has taken place between emissions trading systems from different continents. This paper contributes to the legal-economic literature on linking the EU ETS with California's Cap-and-Trade Program by performing an up-to-date analysis of its associated barriers and by providing concrete legal suggestions to possibly overcome them. Such a transatlantic linkage could enhance the cost-effectiveness of climate policy and contribute to the bottom-up expansion of carbon markets worldwide.(original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Climate change; Pollution emission; Pollution emission market; European Union Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS)

PL

Zmiany klimatyczne; Emisja zanieczyszczeń; Rynek emisji zanieczyszczeń; Europejski System Handlu Emisjami

• Czasopismo: Central European Review of Economics and Management
• Rocznik: 2020
• Tom: 4
• Numer: nr 4
• Strony: 9--45

Twórcy

autor

Manolis Kotzampasakis

• Independent legal researcher, Greece

autor

Edwin Woerdman

• University of Groningen, The Netherlands

Bibliografia

• Attorney General Becerra (2017), Advice to the Governor concerning linkage of California and Ontario Cap-and-Trade Programs, https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/classic//cc/capandtrade/linkage/ag_letter_sb_1018.pdf [16.10.2020].
• Attorney General Harris (2013), Advice to the Governor concerning linkage of California and Québec Cap-and-Trade Programs, https://www.ca.gov/archive/gov39/wpcontent/uploads/2017/09/AG_Letter_SB_1018.pdf [16.10.2020].
• Beuermann C., Bingler J., Santikarn M., Tänzler D., Thema J. (2017), Considering the effects of linking Emissions Trading Schemes. A manual on bilateral linking of ETS, German Emissions Trading Authority (DEHSt), https://www.adelphi.de/en/system/files/mediathek/bilder/Linking_manual Copy.pdf [16.10.2020].
• Bodansky D.M., Brunnée J., Rajamani L. (2017), International climate change law, 1st ed., Oxford University Press, Oxford.
• Burtraw D., Palmer K., Kahn D. (2010), A symmetric safety valve, "Energy Policy", vol. 38, pp. 4921- 4932.
• Burtraw D., Palmer K., Munnings C., Weber P., Woerman M. (2013), Linking by degrees. Incremental alignment of Cap-and-Trade Markets, Resources for the Future Discussion Paper 13-04, https://media.rff.org/documents/RFF-DP-13-04.pdf [18.12.2020].
• Busch C. (2017), California's Cap-And-Trade compromise is a big step forward, not a win for polluters, "Forbes", https://www.forbes.com/sites/energyinnovation/2017/07/12/californias-cap-andtrade-compromise-is-a-big-step-forward-not-a-win-for-polluters/

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.29015/cerem.898