The Development of Russian Military Thought: the Russian Empire and the Soviet Period and Their Legacies

• Autorzy: Nurlan Aliyev
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Military thought and military issues traditionally played an important role in Russia's history. Even economic, political, social and educational reforms were mainly triggered by the needs related to military issues - preparation for wars or unsuccessful military campaigns of the Russian Empire (between the 17th and 19th centuries against Poland and Ottoman Turks and in the 20th century by Russia's defeat in the war against Japan). It should be noted that the reforms during the reigns of Peter the Great and Catherine II and also in the 19th century, were introduced under military and external security challenges. In this regard, after the seizure of power, despite their tremendous critics on Tsarist government militarization policies, Bolsheviks hugely relied on military power too. The military affairs were doctrinalized during the Bolsheviks rule for the first time in Russian history. This paper analyzes the military thought in the Russian Empire in the end of the 19th century and its transformation during the first years of Soviet rule in the early 20th century. It also studies discussions among the Soviet political and military elite on theoretical and practical facets of the military and methods of waging war in 1920s as well as explores the creation of the Russian non-linear warfare theory, the only warfare concept of the Soviet Union which is recognized worldwide. The paper concludes that the thought dating back to those periods is also used in contemporary Russia.(original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Military potential; Military reform; Military equipment; Army; Military expenditures; History

PL

Potencjał wojskowy; Reforma wojska; Sprzęt wojskowy; Wojsko; Wydatki wojskowe; Historia

• Czasopismo: Stosunki Międzynarodowe
• Rocznik: 2018
• Tom: 54
• Numer: nr 3
• Strony: 201--2016

Twórcy

autor

Nurlan Aliyev

Bibliografia

• R. Pipes, Russia Under the Old Regime, New York, Charles Scribner's Sons, 1974, p. 115.
• G.N. Clark, The Seventeenth Century, 2nd ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1947, p. 100.
• W. Pintner, 'Russian Military Thought: The Western Model and the Shadow of Suvorov', in P. Paret (ed), Makers of Modern Strategy - from Machiavelli to the Nuclear Age, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1986, p. 354.
• D.A. Miliutin, Istoriia voiny s Frantssiu v Tarsstvovavnie Imperatora Pavla I, v 1799 godu, 5 vols., St. Peterburg, 1822-1855, vol. 5, p. 115.
• A.A. Neznamov, 'Sovremennaia voina', in Beskrovnyi, Russkaia voenno-teoriticheskaia mysl, St. Petersburg 1912, pp. 557-561, 567, 624.
• A.A. Neznamov, 'Plan Voiny' (St. Peterburg 1913), in Beskrovny, Russkaia voenno-teoriticheskaia mysl, 673-693.
• A.A. Gurevich, Voina i narodnoe khoziaistvo, St. Petersburg 1898, pp. 15-16, 23-32.
• W.B. Gallie, Philosophers of Peace and War: Kant, Clausewitz, Marx, Engels and Tolstoy, New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company, 1989, pp. 66-67.
• K. Marx, F. Engels, Sochineniia, Moscow, 1960, vol. 8, p. 460.
• F. Engels, Izbrannye voennye proizvedenie, Moscow 1957, p. xiv.
• Trotsky, The Real Situation in Russia, transl. M. Eastman, New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company, 1928, p. 145.
• J. Erickson, The Soviet High Command, New York and London: St. Martin's Press - Macmillan, 1962, p. 33.
• M.V. Frunze, 'Edinaia voennaia doktrina I Krasnaia armia', Voennaia nauka i revolutsia, Iyul-avgust 1921, Moscow; Perepechatana v Voennaia Mysl, 2008, No. 5, http://militaryarticle.ru/voennaya-mysl/2008-vm/10112-edinaja-voennaja-doktrina-i-krasnaja-armija (accessed on 18 November 2018).
• L.D. Trootsky, Kak voruzhalas revoliutsia, vol. 3: Tysiacha deviatsot dvatsatyi pervyi-tretii gody, Kniga 2, Moscow: Vysshii Voennyi Redaktsionnyi Sovet 1925, pp. 210-240.
• Doklady t.t. Trotskogo, Frunze i preniya po nim. Stenograficheskii otchet 2-go dnya soveshchaniya voennykh delegatov XI-go S'ezda R.K. P. 1-go aprelya 1922g. Vysshii Voennyi Redaktsionnyi Sovet. Moscow, available at: http://rkka.ru/analys/doktrin/main.htm

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.7366/020909613201809