Attitudes to the New Ethnic Diversity in Poland : Understanding Contradictions and Variations in a Context of Uncertainty and Insecurity

• Autorzy: Aleksandra Grzymala-Kazlowska
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The European Values Study (EVS), which has been conducted in Poland since 1990, allows changes in attitudes to ethnic diversity to be examined. This text will analyze changes in Poles' tolerance of "the new others" in the context of uncertainties related to the political, economic, and socio-cultural transformations of the past thirty years, with a focus on the last decade. The paper aims to unpack and understand attitudes to Poland's new ethnic diversity as well as to analyze the dynamism, relationality, and complexities of these changes. Rich empirical data from the European Values Study, focus-group interviews, and individual in-depth interviews are originally analyzed in relation to the concept of (super)diversity, the notion of (in)security, and the theories of complexity and individualization. (original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Ethnics group; Diversity management

PL

Grupy etniczne; Zarządzanie różnorodnością

• Czasopismo: Polish Sociological Review
• Rocznik: 2021
• Numer: nr 2 (214)
• Strony: 241--260

Twórcy

autor

Aleksandra Grzymala-Kazlowska

• University of Warsaw, Poland; University of Birmingham, UK.

Bibliografia

• Arnaut, K. and Spotti, M. 2014. Superdiversity discourse, Working Papers in Urban Language and Literacies, No 122, King's College London, https://www.academia.edu/6172969/WP122_Arnaut_and_Spotti_2014._Superdiversity_discourse.
• Babbie, E. 2001. The Practice of Social Research. Belmont: Wadsworth.
• Babinski, G. 2004. Mniejszości narodowe i etniczne w Polsce w świetle spisu ludności z roku 2002, Studia Socjologiczne 1(172).
• Back, L. 2015. Losing culture or finding superdiversity, Discover Society 20, http://discoversociety.org/2015/05/05/losing-culture-or-finding-superdiversity-2/ (accessed 20 June 2020).
• Balogun, B. 2020. Race and racism in Poland: Theorising and contextualising 'Polish-centrism', The Sociological Review, https://doi.org/10.1177/0038026120928883.
• Baubock, R. 1994. The Integration of Immigrants, Strasbourg, CDMG (94) 25 E.
• Beck, U. 2006. Living in the world risk society, Economy and Society 35(3): 329-345.
• Beck, U. and Beck-Gernsheim, E. 2001. Individualization: Institutionalized Individualism and its Social and Political Consequences. London: SAGE Publications.
• Blommaert, J. 2013. The second life of old issues: how superdiversity "renews" things, Tilburg Papers in Cultural Studies 59. Tilburg University, www.tilburguniversity.edu/sites/tiu/files/download/TPCS59Blommaert2.pdf (accessed 20 June 2020).
• Bozewicz, M. 2018. Stosunek Polaków i Czechów do przyjmowania uchodźców, CBOS [Public Opinion Research Centre], Research Report 87/2018.
• Bozewicz, M. and Głowacki, A. 2020. Praca obcokrajowców w Polsce, CBOS [Public Opinion Research Centre], Research Report 5/2020.
• Brubaker, R. 2006. Ethnicity without Groups. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
• Burnes, B. 2005. Complexity theories and organizational change, International Journal of Management Reviews 7(2): 73-90.
• Chałupczak, H. and Browarek, T. 1998. Mniejszości narodowe w Polsce 1918-1995. Lublin: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Sklodowskiej.
• Cohen, R. and Kennedy, P. 2013. Global Sociology. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
• Denzin, N. 2006. Sociological Methods. Chicago: Aldine Transaction, 5th edition.
• Dobbelaere, K. 1999. Towards an integrated perspective of the processes related to the descriptive concept of secularization, Sociology of Religion 60(3): 229-247.
• European Commission. 2018. Ethics in Social Science and Humanities, https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/default/files/6. h2020 ethics-soc-science-humanities en.pdf.
• Eurostat. 2020. Asylum and first time asylum applicants by citizenship, age and sex Annual aggregated data (rounded), Last update: 18/02/20.
• Fenger, M. and Bekkers, V. 2012. Beyond Fragmentation and Interconnectivity. Amsterdam: IOS Press.
• Fihel, A. 2008. Charakterystyka imigrantów w Polsce w świetle danych urzędowych, in: A. Grzymala-Kazlowska (ed.), Miedzy jednoscia a wieloscia. Integracja odmiennych grup i kategorii imigrantow w Polsce. Warszawa: Ośrodek Badań nad Migracjami.
• Giddens, A. 1991. Modernity and Self-Identity. Self and Society in the Late Modern Age. Cambridge: Polity.
• Giddens, A. 2006. Europe in the Global Age. London: Polity.
• Gorny, A., Grabowska-Lusinska, I., Lesinska, M. and Okolski, M. (eds). 2010. Immigration to Poland: Policy, employment, integration. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Scholar.
• Grillo, R. 2015. Reflections on super-diversity by an urban anthropologist or "superdiversity so what?", unpublished conference paper, Superdiversity Academy, Berlin, 8-10 April, 2015, https://www.academia.edu/12392425/ Reflections on Super-Diversity by an Urban Anthropologist or Superdiversity So What (accessed 20 June 2020).
• Grobman, G. M. 2005. Complexity Theory: a new way to look at organizational change, Public Administration Quarterly 29(3): 350-382.
• Grzymala-Kazlowska, A. 2007. Konstruowanie 'innego'. Wizerunki imigrantów w Polsce. Warszawa: Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego.
• Grzymala-Kazlowska, A. and Okolski, M. 2010. Amorphous Population Movements into Poland and Ensuing Policy Challenges, in: U. Segal, D. Elliott, N. Mayadas (eds.), Immigration Worldwide: Policies, Practices and Trends. New York: Oxford University Press.
• Grzymala-Kazlowska, A. and Phillimore, J. 2019. Superdiversity and its relevance for Central and Eastern European migration studies: The case of Polish migrants in the UK, Central and Eastern European Migration Review (CEEMR) 8(2): 39-59.
• Haas, I. and Haas, W. 2014. The Uncertainty Paradox: Perceived Threat Moderates the Effect of Uncertainty on Political Tolerance, Political Psychology 35(2): 291-302.
• Hall, S.M. 2017. Mooring 'super-diversity' to a brutal migration milieu, Ethnic and Racial Studies 40(9): 1562-1573.
• Kaczmarczyk, P. 2015a. Recent trends in international migration in Poland. The 2013 SOPEMI Report, CMR Working Paper, No 86(144), Warsaw: Centre of Migration Research.
• Kaczmarczyk, P. 2015b. Burden or Relief? Fiscal Impacts of Recent Ukrainian Migration to Poland, Discussion Paper No 8779, Bonn: The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), http://ftp.iza.org/dp8779.pdf.
• Kelle, U. 2014. Theorization from Data, in: U. Flick (ed.), The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis. London: Sage, pp. 540-554.
• Kępińska, E. and Stola, D. 2004. Migration Policy and Politics in Poland, in: A. Górny and P. Ruspini (eds.), Migration in the New Europe: East-West Revisited. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan.
• Kicinger, A., Weinar, A., Górny, A. 2007. Advanced yet uneven: the europeanization of Polish immigration policy, in: T. Faist, and A. Ette, The Europeanization of National Policies and Politics of Immigration, Between Autonomy and the European Union. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
• Kingfisher, C. 2002. Western Welfare in Decline. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
• Koralewicz, J. and Zagórski, K. 2009. Living Conditions and Optimistic Orientation of Poles, International Jounral of Sociology 39(4): 10-44, DOI: 10.2753/IJS0020-7659390401.
• Kowalczuk, K. 2015a. Stosunek do imigrantów w krajach Grupy Wyszechradzkiej, CBOS [Public Opinion Research Centre], Research Report 178/2015.
• Kowalczuk, K. 2015b. Przybysze z bliska i z daleka, czyli o imigrantach w Polsce, CBOS [Public Opinion Research Centre], Research Report 93/2015.
• Lianos, M. 2013. Dangerous Others, Insecure Societies. Farnham and Burlington: Ashgate.
• Łodziński, S. 1998. Przekroczyć własny cień: prawne, instytucjonalne oraz społeczne aspekty polityki państwa polskiego wobec mniejszości narodowych w latach 1989-1997, in: B. Berdychowska (ed.), Mniejszości narodowe w Polsce: Praktyka po 1989 roku. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Sejmowe, pp. 11-82.
• Luhmann, N. 2006. System as difference, Organization 13(1): 37-57.
• Marody, M., Konieczna-Sałamatin, J., Sawicka, M., Mandes, S., Kacprowicz G., Bulkowski, K., Bartkowki, J. 2019. Społeczeństwo na zakręcie [Society at a turning point]. Warsaw: Scholar.
• Mayblin, L., Piekut, A., and Valentine, G. 2014. 'Other' Posts in 'Other' Places: Poland through a Postcolonial Lens?, Sociology 50(1): 60-76, doi: 10.1177/0038038514556796.
• Mills, C. 1959. Sociological Imagination. Oxford University Press.
• Nyiri, P. 1995. From Settlement to Community, in: M. Fullerton, E. Sik, J. Toth (eds.), Hungary at Crossroad. Budapest: Institute for Political Science of the Hungarian Academy of Science.
• Piore, M. 1979. Birds of Passage. Migrant Labor and Industrial Scieties. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Popenoe, D. 1993. American Family family Decline, 1960-1990, Journal of Marriage and the Family 55(3).
• Robinson, V. 1999. Migration and Public Policy. New York: Edward Elgar.
• Sennett, R. 1998. The Corrosion of Character. New York: W. W. Norton and Company.
• Sepulveda, L., Syrett, S. and Lyon, F. 2011. Population superdiversity and new migrants' enterprise: the case of London, Entrepreneurship and Regional Development 23(7-8): 469-497.
• Stephan, W. and Renfro, C. 2004. The role of threat in intergroup relations, in: M. Mackie and E. Smith (eds.), From Prejudice to Inter-group Emotions: Differentiated reactions to social groups. New York, NY: Psychology Press.
• Thornberg, R. and Charmaz, K. 2014. Grounded Theory and Theoretical Coding, in: U. Flick (ed.), The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis. London: Sage, pp. 540-554.
• Tomaszewski, J. 1991. Mniejszości narodowe w Polsce XX wieku. Warszawa: Editions Spotkania.
• Vail J., Wheelock, J., and Hill, M. 1999. Insecure Times. London: Routledge.
• Vertovec, S. 2007. New Complexities of Cohesion in Britain: Super-Diversity, Transnationalism and Civil-Integration. London: Communities and Local Government Publications.
• Vertovec, S. 2010. Super-diversity and its implications, in: S. Vertovec (ed.), Anthropology of Migration and Multiculturalism: New Directions. London: Routledge.
• Walzer, M. 1999. O tolerancji. Warszawa: Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy.
• Weigl, B. 2000. Stereotypy i uprzedzenia, in: J. Strelau (ed.), Psychologia. Podręcznik akademicki. Gdańsk: Gdańskie Towarzystwo Psychologiczne.
• Vertovec, S. 2011. Migration and new diversities in global cities: comparing, conceiving, observing and visualizing diversification in urban spaces, MMG Working Paper 11-08, Max Planck Institute.
• Victor, J. 1998. Moral Panics and the Social Construction of Deviant Behavior, Sociological Perspectives 41(3): 541-565.
• Von Benda-Beckmann, F. and von Benda-Beckmann, K. 1994. Coping with insecurity, Focaal 22/2.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.26412/psr214.06