PL EN


Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników
2021 | 14 | nr 2 | 194--207
Tytuł artykułu

Turkish-Russian Cooperation: Implications for NATO

Autorzy
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
The main objective of this article is to examine the factors that have influenced the rapprochement of economic and military relations between Turkey and Russia, especially in the years 2004-2021. This problem generates numerous research questions - who is the architect of this cooperation? Will Turkey completely limit its cooperation with Western partners, become more unpredictable and dependent on Russia? Or vice versa, will it seek to become a competitor of Russia in the international arena and in the region? From the methodological point of view, the author uses analytical, descriptive and comparative methods. The study uses both the discourse method and content analysis, including newspaper articles, television broadcasts, public speeches and other messages of individual politicians and intellectuals. The results of this research indicate that Russia is using Turkey as a tool to increase divisions within the NATO allies. Although Russian-Turkish ties have grown closer, in the recent years the countries have supported opposing sides in Syria, Libya, Ukraine, or Azerbaijan. However, Russia, which has significant leverage elements, benefits most from this rivalry. Russia supplies Turkey with natural gas and air defense missiles, builds a nuclear power plant and sends tourists to Turkey. In Syria, too, Russia can do great harm to Turkey. (original abstract)
Rocznik
Tom
14
Numer
Strony
194--207
Opis fizyczny
Twórcy
autor
  • WSB University, Poland
Bibliografia
  • Aktürk, Ş. (2007) Turkish-Russian Relations After the Cold War (1992-2002), Turkish Studies, 7 (3), 337-364.
  • Askerov, A. (Ed.). (2018). Contemporary Russo-Turkish Relations: From Crisis to Cooperation, Lexington, London, 65-70.
  • Avdaliani, E. (2020). Azerbaijan Becomes Turkey's Top Gas Supplier. Retrieved from https://modern diplomacy.eu/2020/08/21/azerbaijan-becomes-turkeys-top-gas-supplier/ (2.02.2021).
  • Axmith, B. (2015). Denying History: The United States' Policies Toward Russia in the Caspian, 1991-2001, Hamburg, 121.
  • Baczynska, G. (2019). Putin opens Moscow's largest mosque, warns against extremists. Retrieved from: https://www.reuters.com/article/us-russia-mosque-idUSKCN0RN1UD20150923 (8.08.2019).
  • BBC, Libya crisis: Rival authorities announce ceasefire (21 August 2020). Retrieved from: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-53863627 (10.01.2021).
  • Biznesalert (2016). Gdzie gaz z South Stream nie mógł, tam Moskwa pośle go przez Nord Stream. Retrieved from: https://biznesalert.pl/gdzie-gaz-z-south-stream-nie-mogl-tam-moskwa-posle-go-przez-nord-stream-2/ (8.08.2019).
  • Caspian Policy, The Nagorno-Karabakh Peace Deal: Reading Between the Lines (Nov 16, 2020). Retrieved from: https://www.caspianpolicy.org/the-nagorno-karabakh-peace-deal-reading-between-the-lines
  • Davutoğlu, A. (2010). Turkey's Zero-Problems Foreign Policy, Foreign Policy, Retrieved from https://foreignpolicy.com/ 2010/05/20/turkeys-zero-problems-foreign-policy/(8.08.2019).
  • Enerji Gov (2019). Natural Gas Pipelines and Projects. Retrieved from https//enerji.gov.tr/enUS/Pages/Natural********Gas-Pipelines-and-Projects (8.08.2019). Ethnic divisions in Northern Syria, Retrieved from: http://static3.businessinsider.com/image/56165f7abd86ef1b008c038c-840-463/pyd.jpg (10.08.2019).
  • Iletisim (2019). We aim to increase the bilateral trade volume between Turkey and Russia to 100 billion, Presidency of the Republic of Turkey, Directorate of Communications. Retrieved from: https://www.iletisim.gov.tr/English/haberler/detay/we-aim-to-increase-the-bilateral-trade-volume-between********turkey-and-russia-to-100-billion (8.08.2019).
  • Kanbur, M., & Bernat, T. (2013). Europeanization in Turkey and accession process to the European Union. Journal of International Studies, 6(2), 79-93. doi:10.14254/2071-8330.2013/6-2/7.
  • Kelkitli, F. (2017). Turkish-Russian Relations: Competition and Cooperation in Eurasia, London, Routledge.
  • Kujawa, K. (2011). Turkey and the Crisis in Syria, Bulletin. The Polish Institute of International Affairs, 63 (277), Warszawa 2011. Retrieved from: http://www.pism.pl/index/?id=316282ddb77e11b0b58c60ed59b1e308 (8.08.2019).
  • Kujawa K. (2020). Turkey and Russia in the Global Order. Implications for the Central and Eastern Europe, IBIMA Conference, Retrieved from: https://ibima.org/accepted-paper/turkey-and-russia-in-the-global-order********implications-for-the-central-and-eastern-europe/(02.03.2021).
  • Leal-Arcas, R., Grasso, C. (2015). The European Union and its energy security challenges. Engagement through and with networks. Retrieved from: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Nabucco-and-South-Stream-Pipeline********Projects_fig1_269402180 (10.08.2019).
  • MFA Turkey (2019). Turkey´s commercial and economic relations with Russian federation. Retrieved from: www.mfa.gov.tr/turkey_s-commercial-and-economic-relations-with-russian-federation.en.mfa (8.08.2019)
  • Nemtsova, A. (2019). From Russia with love, thousands of wives for Turkish husbands. Retrieved from https://www.thedailybeast.com/from-russia-with-love-thousands-of- wives-for-turkish-husbands(01.09.2019).
  • Özdal, H., Özertem, S., Has, K. & Demirtepe, M. (2013). Turkish-Russian Relations in the Post-Cold War Period: Current Dynamics, Future Prospects, USAK Report, 13, 6, 47-52.
  • Pinar, B. (2019). Turcja traci turystów przez politykę. W ciągu dwóch lat ich liczba spadła o 16 milionów. Retrieved from: wyborcza.pl/7,75399,22009657,turcja-traci-turystow-przez-w-ciagu-dwoch-lat-ich.html (8.08.2019)
  • Refworld (2015). Russia: The Fethullah Gülen movement (Hizmet movement), including activities and regions of operation; treatment of members by society and authorities; recourse available to members, including state protection. Retrieved from: https://www.refworld.org/docid/ 56b06aa24.html (8.08.2019).
  • Schneider, M. & Froggatt, A. (2019), The Current Status of the World Nuclear Industry. The Technological and Economic Future of Nuclear Power, ed. Reinhard Haas, Lutz Mez, Amela, New York, 62.
  • Strachota, K. (2017). Rosja i Turcja: przymiarki do koncertu mocarstw w Syrii, OSW. Retrieved from: https://www.osw.waw.pl/pl/publikacje/analizy/2017-01-04/rosja-i-turcja-przymiarki-do-koncertu-mocarstw********w-syrii (10.02.2021).
  • Tur-info (2019). Turcja przyjęła rekordową liczbę turystów. Retrieved from: www.tur-info.pl/a/59787,,turcja********turystyka-atak-terrorystyczny.html (10.08.2019).
  • Turowski, P. (2019). South Stream - odpowiedź na potrzeby rynku czy narzędzie polityki zagranicznej?. Retrieved from: https://www.bbn.gov.pl (8.08.2019).
  • Washington Institute. (2019). Retrieved from: https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/uploads/Documents/pubs/SyriaAtlasCOMPLETE-3.pdf
  • Wintour, F. (2020). Will Turkish drones help Ukraine reclaim territory?. Retrieved from: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/oct/05/turkey-and-russia-deepening-roles-in-libya-complicate********peace-efforts (03.03.2021).
  • WITS (2020). Turkey trade balance, exports and imports by country and region 2014. Retrieved from: https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/Country/TUR/Year/2014/TradeFlow/EXPIMP (10.02.2021).
  • Worldbulletin (2019). TANAP project vital for Turkey, Azerbaijan. Retrieved from: https://www.worldbulletin.net/turkey/tanap-project-vital-for-turkey-azerbaijan-h203891.html (10.08.2019).
  • Yıldırım, T. (2013). Turkey's place in the path of the development of common energy politics of the European Union. Journal of International Studies, 6(2). Received from: https://www.jois.eu/?139,en_turkey's-place-in-the********path-of-the-development-of-common-energy-politics-of-the-european-union (9.09.2013).
  • Zasztowt, K. (2016). The South Caucasus in the Shadow of the Russian-Turkish Crisis. PISM Bulletin, 14(864). Retrieved from: www.pism.pl/publications/The_South_Caucasus_in_the_Shadow_of _the_ Russian_Turkish_Crisis (03.03.2021).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikatory
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.ekon-element-000171622272

Zgłoszenie zostało wysłane

Zgłoszenie zostało wysłane

Musisz być zalogowany aby pisać komentarze.
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.