Effet de L'émigration Sur la Transformation Structurelle de la Communauté Économique Des États de L'afrique de L'ouest

• Autorzy: Moukpè Gniniguè , Tom-Irazou Tchalim

Warianty tytułu

Effect of emigration on the structural transformation of the economic community of West African states

• Języki publikacji: FR

Abstrakty

L'objectif de cet article est d'étudier l'effet de l'émigration sur la transformation structurelle de la Communauté Économique des États de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (CEDEAO). La transformation structurelle est mesurée par la réallocation de la main-d'œuvre du secteur industriel et du secteur des services. La méthode des moindres carrés ordinaires dynamiques est utilisée et a révélé que l'émigration contribue négativement à la réallo- cation de la main-d'oeuvre du secteur industriel. Seul le taux d'émigration total affecte négativement la réallocation de la main-d'oeuvre du secteur des services. Aucune relation statistique n'existe entre les autres taux d'émigration et la réallocation de la main-d'oeuvre du secteur des services. Les pays de la CEDEAO doivent encourager les politiques axées sur la capitalisation des compétences des émigrants à travers les écoles d'été à l'instar de la Banque Africaine de Développement. Ils doivent également soutenir le développement industriel tout en encourageant la production agricole des biens intermédiaires destinés à la production industrielle. Cette synergie favorise la réallocation de la main-d'oeuvre du secteur agricole vers le secteur industriel puis vers le secteur des services et aboutir à la transformation structurelle des économies, tant souhaitée par l'Union Africaine.(abstrakt oryginalny)

EN

The objective of this paper is to study the effect of emigration on the structural transformation of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). Structu- ral transformation is measured by the reallocation of labor from the industrial sector and services sector. The dynamic ordinary least squares method is used and has revealed that emigration contributes negatively to the reallocation of labor from the industrial sector. Only the total emigration rate negatively affects the reallocation of labor from the service sector. No statistical relationship exists between other emigration rates and the reallocation of labor from the service sector. ECOWAS countries should encourage policies aimed at capitalizing on the skills of emigrants through summer schools, following the example of the African Development Bank. They should also support industrial development while encouraging the agricultural production of intermediate goods for industrial production. This synergy promotes the reallocation of labor from the agricultural sector to the industrial sector and then to the service sector and leads to the structural transformation of economies, so much desired by the African Union.(original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Emigration; Society; Structural transformation

PL

Emigracja; Społeczeństwo; Przekształcenia strukturalne

• Czasopismo: Revue Internationale des Economistes de Langue Française : revue de l'Association Internationale de Economistes de Langue Française avec la collaboration Université des Sciences Economiques et de Gestion
• Rocznik: 2021
• Tom: 6
• Numer: nr 1
• Strony: 129--150

Twórcy

autor

Moukpè Gniniguè

• Université de Kara

autor

Tom-Irazou Tchalim

• Université de Kara

Bibliografia

• Adeoye, B. W., Nwokolo, C. I., & Igboanugo, N. I. (2020). Migrant remittance inflow and industrialization in Africa : What role does financial development play? In D. Seck (Ed.), Financing Africa's development: Advances in African economic, social and political development (pp. 191-220). Dakar: Springer.
• Asongu, S. A., & Odhiambo, N. M. (2021). Remittances and value added across economic sub-sectors in sub-Saharan Africa. Quality & Quantity, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s11135-021-01110-0
• Baldwin, G. B. (1970). Four studies on the Iranian brain drain. The international migration of high-level manpower : Its impact on the development process. New York: Praeger Publisher.
• Barro, R. J., & Lee, J. W. (2013). A new data set of educational attainment in the world, 1950-2010. Journal of Development Economics, 104, 184-198.
• Barsbai, T., & Lücke, M. (2016). Emigration and donations to community projects : Evidence from Moldova. Kiel: Kiel Institute for the World Economy.
• Beine, M., Docquier, F. & Zden, C. (2001). Diasporas. Journal of Development Economics, 95, 30-41.
• Bhagwati, J., & Hamada, K. (1974). The brain drain, international integration of markets for professionals and unemployment : A theoretical analysis. Journal of Development Economics, 1(1), 19-42.
• Braun, S., & Kvasnicka, M. (2014). Immigration and structural change : Evidence from post-war Germany. Journal of International Economics, 93(2), 253-269.
• Burchardi, K., Chaney, T., & Hassan, T. (2016). The effect of migration on foreign direct investment. Retrieved from http://voxeu.org/article/effect-migration-foreign-directinvestment
• Clemens, M. A. (2013). Why do programmers earn more in Houston than Hyderabad? Evidence from randomized processing of US visas. The American Economic Review, 103(3), 198-202.
• CNUCED. (2018). Le développement économique en Afrique. Rapport 2018 : les migrations au service de la transformation structurelle. New York, Genève : Publication des Nations Unies.
• Coulibaly, D., Gnimassoun, B., & Mignon, V. (2020). The tale of two international phenomena : Migration and global imbalances. Journal of Macroeconomics, 66, 103-241.
• Daway-Ducanes, S. L. S. (2019). Remittances, Dutch disease, and manufacturing growth in developing economies. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 66(3), 360-383.
• De Vries, G., Timmer, M., & De Vries, K. (2015). Structural transformation in Africa : Static gains, dynamic losses. The Journal of Development Studies, 51(6), 674-688.
• Di Maria, C., & Lazarova, E. A. (2012). Migration, human capital formation, and growth : An empirical investigation. World Development, 40(5), 938-955.
• Docquier, F. (2017). The emigration-development nexus : Recent advances from the growth theory perspective. Revue d'Economie du Développement, 25(3), 45-68.
• Dos Santos, M. D. (2006). Attraction des élites et exode des cerveaux : les enjeux économiques d'une concertation entre pays d'origine et pays d'accueil. Horizons stratégiques, (1), 18-27.
• Efobi, U., Asongu, S., Okafor, C., Tchamyou, V., & Tanankem, B. (2019). Remittances, finance and industrialization in Africa. Journal of Multinational Financial Management, 49, 54-66.
• Garcia-Zea, D. (2020). Brain drain in Venezuela : The scope of the human capital crisis. Human Resource Development International, 23(2), 188-195.
• Gnimassoun, B., & Anyanwu, J. C. (2019). The diaspora and economic development in Africa. Review of World Economics, 155(4), 785-817.
• Gui-Diby, S. L., & Renard, M. F. (2015). Foreign direct investment inflows and the industrialization of African countries. World Development, 74, 43-57.
• Harris, J. R., & Todaro, M. P. (1970). Migration, unemployment and development : A twosector analysis. The American Economic Review, 60(1), 126-142.
• Herrendorf, B., Rogerson, R., & Valentinyi, A. (2014). Growth and structural transformation. In Ph. Aghion, S. N. Durlauf (Eds.), Handbook of economic growth (vol. 2, pp. 855-941). Amsterdam : Elsevier.
• Hurlin, C., & Mignon, V. (2005). Une synthèse des tests de racine unitaire sur données de panel. Economie Prévision, (3), 253-294.
• Hurlin, C., & Mignon, V. (2007). Une synthèse des tests de cointégration sur données de panel. Economie Prévision, (4), 241-265.
• Hurlin, C., Papa, M. B., & N'Diaye, P. (1998). La methode d'estimation des moindres carres modifies ou fully modified. Paris : Université de Paris I.
• Hye, Q. M., Wizarat, S., & Lau, W. Y. (2016). The impact of trade openness on economic growth in China : An empirical analysis. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 3(3), 27-37.
• Kao, C., & Chiang, M. H. (2000). On the estimation and inference of a cointegrated regression in panel data. Advances in Econometrics, (15), 179-222.
• Lewis, W. A. (1954). Economic development with unlimited supplies of labour. Manchester School, 22, 139-191.
• Lo, S. B., & Ramde, F. (2019). Développement financier et transformation structurelle des pays africains de la zone Franc : une approche panel-VAR. Revue Interventions Économiques, (61).
• Lucas, R. E. (1988). On the mechanics of economic development. Journal of Monetary Economics, 22(1), 3-42.
• Lucas, R. E. (2005). Migration internationale vers les pays à haut revenu : quelles conséquences pour le développement économique des pays d'origine?. Revue d'Économie du Développement, 13(4), 123-171.
• Lucas, R. E., & Stark, O. (1985). Motivations to remit : Evidence from Botswana. Journal of Political Economy, 93(5), 901-918.
• Maddala, G. S., & Wu, S. (1999). A comparative study of unit root tests with panel data and a new simple test. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 61(S1), 631-652.
• Mamba, E., Gniniguè, M., & Ali, E. (2020). Effect of foreign direct investment on structural transformation in West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) countries. Cogent Economics & Finance, 8(1), 1783910.
• Massey, D. S. (1988). International migration and economic development in comparative perspective. Population and Development Review, 14(3), 383-414.
• McCarthy, N., Carletto, C., Kilic, T., & Davis, B. (2009). Assessing the impact of massive out-migration on Albanian agriculture. The European Journal of Development Research, 21(3), 448-470.
• McKenzie, D. (2017). Poverty, inequality, and international migration : Insights from 10 years of migration and development conferences. Revue d'Économie du Développement, 25(3), 13-28.
• McMillan, M., Rodrik, D., & Verduzco-Gallo, I. (2014). Globalization, structural change, and productivity growth, with an update on Africa. World Development, 63, 11-32.
• Megbowon, E., Mlambo, C., & Adekunle, B. (2019). Impact of China's outward FDI on sub-saharan Africa's industrialization : Evidence from 26 countries. Cogent Economics & Finance, 7(1), 1681054.
• Mim, S. B., & Ali, M. (2012). Through which channels can remittances spur economic growth in MENA countries?. Economics Discussion Paper, (2012-8).
• Mim, S. B., & Mabrouk, F. (2014). À travers quels canaux les transferts des migrants promeuvent-ils le capital humain et la croissance?. Mondes en Développement, (3), 131-147.
• Mühlen, H., & Escobar, O. (2020). The role of FDI in structural change : Evidence from Mexico. The World Economy, 43(3), 557-585.
• Nelson, R. R., & Phelps, E. S. (1966). Investment in humans, technological diffusion, and economic growth. The American Economic Review, 56(1/2), 69-75.
• Njangang, H., & Nounamo, Y. (2020). Is information and communication technology a driver of industrialization process in African countries?. Economics Bulletin, 40(4), 2654-2662.
• Nwokoye, E. S., Igbanugo, C. I., & Dimnwobi, S. K. (2020). International migrant remittances and labour force participation in Nigeria. African Development Review, 32(2), 125-137.
• OCDE. (2013). Education, gender and international migration : Insights from a panel-dataset 1980-2010. Methodology Report.
• Okey, M. K. N. (2019). Does international migration promote industrial development? Evidence from Africa 1980-2010. International Economic Journal, 33(2), 310-331.
• Okoye, D. (2016). Can brain drain be good for human capital growth? Evidence from crosscountry skill premiums and education costs. Economic Analysis and Policy, 49, 74-99.
• Omran, M., & Bolbol, A. (2003). Foreign direct investment, financial development, and economic growth : Evidence from the Arab countries. Review of Middle East Economics and Finance, 1(3), 37-55.
• Papademetriou, D. G. (1985). Illusions and reality in international migration : Migration and development in post-World War II Greece. International Migration, 23(2), 211-224.
• Ramcharran, H. (2020). Analyzing the impact of workers' remittances on household consumption in Latin American and Caribbean Countries. Journal of Economics and Finance, 44(1), 59-77.
• Rodrik, D. (2009). Industrial policy : Don't ask why, ask how. Middle East Development Journal, 1(1), 1-29.
• Rodrik, D. (2013). Unconditional convergence in manufacturing. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 128(1), 165-204.
• Roman, Z. (1969). A note on measuring structural changes. Review of Income and Wealth, 15(3), 265-268.
• Romer, P. M. (1986). Increasing returns and long-run growth. Journal of Political Economy, 94(5), 1002-1037.
• Singh, M., & Kaur, K. (2014). India's services sector and its determinants : An empirical investigation. Journal of Economics and Development Studies, 2(2), 385-406.
• Solow, R. M. (1956). A contribution to the theory of economic growth. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 70(1), 65-94.
• Stark, D. (1980). Class struggle and the transformation of the labor process. Theory and Society, 9(1), 89-130.
• Stark, O., Helmenstein, C., & Prskawetz, A. (1997). A brain gain with a brain drain. Economics Letters, 55(2), 227-234.
• Todaro, M. P. (1969). A model of labor migration and urban unemployment in less developed countries. The American Economic Review, 59(1), 138-148.
• Udi, J., Bekun, F. V., & Adedoyin, F. F. (2020). Modeling the nexus between coal consumption, FDI inflow and economic expansion : Does industrialization matter in South Africa?. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 1-12.
• Westerlund, J., & Edgerton, D. L. (2007). A panel bootstrap cointegration test. Economics Letters, 97(3), 185-190.
• Wonyra, K. O., & Efogo, F. O. (2020). Investissements directs étrangers et commerce des services en Afrique subsaharienne. Mondes en Développement, (1), 125-141.
• World Bank (2020). Worl Development Indicators (WDI). Washington, DC: The World Bank. Retrieved from https://donnees.banquemondiale.org/pays
• Yang, D. (2017). Des politiques migratoires pour promouvoir le développement. Revue d'Économie du Développement, 25(1), 75-95.
• Yang, D. (2011). Migrant remittances. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 25(3), 129-152.
• Zimmermann K. F. (2017). La migration en faveur du développement : des défis aux opportunités. Revue d'Économie du Développement, 25(1), 13-30.