Les sanctuaires de la Vierge Marie et les pelerinages dans les Carpates Polonaises

• Autorzy: Izabela Soljan

Warianty tytułu

Sanctuaries of Our Lady in the Polish Carpathians

• Języki publikacji: FR

Abstrakty

EN

The article aims at presenting the network of Our Lady's worship centres on the territory of the Polish Carpathians. There are currently 90 sanctuaries of Our Lady, located on the territory of five dioceses. Those include centres founded in the 17th and 18th century, due to relation to the worship of miraculous images popular across Europe in this epoch. The end of the 18th century marked, both in Poland and in Europe, a certain crisis of the post-Trent Baroque religiousness, characterised by the considerable development of this worship. The new ideas of the Enlightenment did not encourage any further development of this type of worship. In Poland other factors had a negative influence on those centres: the loss of independence and the repressive policy of the occupiers. In the case of the Carpathian centres, the repressions which proved most harassing were those introduced by the Austrian Emperor Joseph II, and directed especially against the monasteries. However, in the second half of the 19th century, the first symptoms of the revival of worship could be observed in many Our Lady's sanctuaries. Together with the regaining of independence - often ascribed to the support of Our Lady, the Queen of Poland - the worship of Our Lady intensified, and these worship developed again. Another crisis of these centres occurred directly after the World War II, because of an essentially atheist communist ideology. The crisis was also overcome, already in the mid-1960s, and since then a strong development of the worship of Our Lady has been recorded. In the analysed territory it has been manifested by: many coronations of images of Our Lady, the establishment of new sanctuaries and the revival of worship in many old centres. Among 90 sanctuaries registered in the Polish Carpathians, that in Kalwaria Zebrzydowska became the international centre, the national rank was awarded to the sanctuary of Our Lady of Fatima in Krzeptówki, five centres were classified as supra-regional ones (Kalwaria Padawska, Tuchów, Dębowiec, Ludźmierz and Wiktorówki), twenty-four - as regional centres, while the rest (59 centres) plays role of local centres. Kalwaria Zebrzydowska is the basic Carpathian sanctuary, the second greatest in Poland, after that of Jasna Góra in Częstochowa. It receives about 1 million visitors every year. The popularity of the given centre depends on its character related to Our Lady and the Passion, a tradition sometimes dating back to several hundred years, ownership of the grace-awarding image of Our Lady, already crowned in the 19-th century, and the religious ceremonies which take place. (original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Religious tourism; Roman Catholic Church; Pilgrimage; Monuments

PL

Turystyka religijna; Kościół katolicki; Pielgrzymowanie; Zabytki

• Czasopismo: Prace Geograficzne / Instytut Geografii i Gospodarki Przestrzennej Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
• Rocznik: 2004
• Numer: z. 113 Les transformations du milieu montagnard-Carpates, Massif central et autres montagnes d'Europe
• Strony: 193--205

Twórcy

autor

Izabela Soljan

• Université Jagellonne, Cracovie, Pologne

Bibliografia

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