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2021 | Vol. 30, nr 4 | 393--440
Tytuł artykułu

Global Constitutionalism and Legal Fragmentation : The Populist Backslide in Central and Eastern Europe

Warianty tytułu
Konstytucjonalizm globalny a fragmentacja prawa : powrót populizmu w Europie Środkowej i Wschodniej
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
Globalisation has provoked a deep transformation in international law, political affairs and governance with contradictory consequences. It has stimulated the cosmopolitan project of global constitutionalism, transnational integration and the unification of democratic standards. However, it also resulted in the fragmentation of international affairs, the deterioration of constitutional democracy and a feeling of a growing shortage in democracy on national and international levels of governance. Trying to balance the impact of these two opposing trends, the author analyses the positive and negative effects of globalisation on constitutional development regarding such issues as transnational constitutionalisation, democracy and national sovereignty, the changing place of multilayer constitutionalism, the international separation of powers, and the system of global governance in the establishment of transnational constitutional democratic legitimacy. From this point of view, the populist backslide in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) looks dangerous and unforeseen, but it is a systemic and potentially predictable reaction of global regions on the uneven character of integration, the lack of democratic legitimacy and a new answer to the contortions and dysfunctions of global governance. An adequate response to these challenges could be found in a new concept of constitutional integration based on ongoing dialogue between the transnational and national actors of legal globalisation. This dialogue is possible by using a conflict-mediation strategy, elaborated by international experts, especially, for the deliberation of complex and protracted conflicts, which have no clear practical solutions in the short to medium term. (original abstract)
Globalizacja dokonała głębokich przekształceń w zakresie prawa międzynarodowego, spraw politycznych i sprawowania władzy, pociągając za sobą wzajemnie sprzeczne konsekwencje. Pobudziła kosmopolityczny projekt globalnego konstytucjonalizmu, integracji ponadnarodowej i ujednolicenia standardów demokratycznych. Doprowadziła jednak również do fragmentacji sfery spraw międzynarodowych, osłabienia demokracji konstytucyjnej oraz poczucia rosnącego deficytu demokracji na szczeblu krajowym i międzynarodowym. Podejmując próbę zrównoważenia wpływu tych dwóch przeciwstawnych tendencji, autor analizuje pozytywne i negatywne skutki globalizacji dla rozwoju ustroju konstytucyjnego w odniesieniu do takich kwestii, jak: transnarodowa konstytucjonalizacja, demokracja i suwerenność narodowa, zmieniające się miejsce wielowarstwowego konstytucjonalizmu, międzynarodowy podział władz oraz system globalnego sprawowania rządów przy ustalaniu ponadnarodowej legitymacji demokratycznej. Z tego punktu widzenia powrót populizmu w Europie Środkowej i Wschodniej wydaje się niebezpieczny i nieprzewidywalny, ale jest to systemowa i potencjalnie przewidywalna reakcja globalnych regionów na nierówności w integracji, brak legitymacji demokratycznej, a także nowa odpowiedź na zniekształcenia i dysfunkcje sprawowania władzy na świecie. Właściwej odpowiedzi na te wyzwania można upatrywać w nowej koncepcji integracji konstytucyjnej opartej na trwającym dialogu między ponadnarodowymi i krajowymi podmiotami globalizacji prawnej. Dialog ten jest możliwy dzięki wykorzystaniu strategii mediacji w konfliktach, opracowanej przez międzynarodowych ekspertów, zwłaszcza do rozstrzygania skomplikowanych i długotrwałych konfliktów, których nie daje się praktycznie rozwiązać w perspektywie krótko- i średnioterminowej. (abstrakt oryginalny)
Słowa kluczowe
Rocznik
Strony
393--440
Opis fizyczny
Twórcy
  • National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE University), Russian Federation
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