Uwarunkowania moralności przyszłych liderów biznesu z perspektywy deontologicznej

• Autorzy: Marek Pawlak

Warianty tytułu

Moral Conditions of Future Business Leaders from the Deontological Perspective

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

Zaproponowano nową koncepcję badania poziomu rozwoju moralnego, opartą na połączeniu teorii rozwoju moralnego Kohlberga z teorią wartości Schwartza. Przeprowadzono badania, w których wzięło udział 1385 studentów zarządzania i kierunków pokrewnych z Polski, Bułgarii, Włoch, Tajwanu i Stanów Zjednoczonych. Badano dwa czynniki, które istotnie różnicują osoby z punktu widzenia rozwoju moralnego, mianowicie kraj pochodzenia i deklarowany poziom religijności. Z badań wynika, że studenci z krajów Europy Środkowowschodniej mają niższy współczynnik rozwoju moralnego niż osoby z krajów rozwiniętych. Ponadto osoby deklarujące wyższą religijność mają wyższy współczynnik rozwoju moralnego niż osoby deklarujące niższą religijność. Jednocześnie nie stwierdzono różnic poziomu rozwoju moralnego pomiędzy osobami deklarującymi, że są religijne a osobami deklarującymi, że nie są religijne. (abstrakt oryginalny)

EN

A new concept for the study of the level of moral development was proposed, based on a combination of Kohlberg's moral development theory and Schwartz's value theory. The study involved 1,385 students of management and related fields from Poland, Bulgaria, Italy, Taiwan and the United States. Two factors have been studied that significantly differentiate individuals from the point of view of moral development, namely the country of origin and the declared level of religiosity. Research shows that students from Central and Eastern European countries are at a lower level of moral development than those from developed countries. In addition, people who declare a higher religiosity are at a higher level of moral development than those who declare lower religiosity. At the same time, there were no differences in the level of moral development between those who declare themselves religious and those who declare that they are not religious. (original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

PL

Religia; Moralność; Studenci; Liderzy biznesu

EN

Religion; Morality; Students; Business leaders

• Czasopismo: Przedsiębiorczość - Edukacja
• Rocznik: 2021
• Tom: 17
• Numer: nr 2 Przedsiębiorczość - na wybranych przykładach działalności gospodarczej = Entrepreneurship - Selected Examples of Economic Activity
• Strony: 51--67

Twórcy

autor

Marek Pawlak

• Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II w Lublinie, Polska

Bibliografia

• Aron, I.E. (1977). Moral Philosophy and Moral Education: A Critique of Kohlberg's Theory, The School Review, 85(2), 197-217.
• Bailey, C.D., Scott, I., Thoma, S.J. (2010). Revitalizing Accounting Ethics Research in the Neo-Kohlbergian Framework: Putting the DIT into Perspective. Behavioral Research in Accounting, 22(2), 1-26. https://doi.org/10.2308/bria.2010.22.2.1
• Blay, A.D., Gooden, E.S., Mellon, M.J., Stevens, D.E. (2018). The Usefulness of Social Norm Theory in Empirical Business Ethics Research: A Review and Suggestions for Future Researc. Journal of Business Ethics, 152, 191-206. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-016-3286-4
• Brouthers, L.E., Lascu, D.N., Werner, S. (2008). Competitive Irrationality in Transitional Economies: Are Communist Managers Less Rational?. Journal of Business Ethics, 83, 397-405.
• Christie, P.M.J., Kwon, I.W.G., Stoeberl, P.A., Baumhart, R. (2003). A Cross-Cultural Comparison of Ethical Attitudes of Business Managers: India, Korea and the United States. Journal of Business Ethics, 46, 263-287.
• Conroy, S.J., Emerson, T.L.N. (2004). Business Ethics and Religion: Religiosity as a Predictor of Ethical Awareness among Students. Journal of Business Ethics, 50, 383-396.
• Day, J.M. (2017). Religion and Human Development in Adulthood: Well-Being, Prosocial Behavior, and Religious and Spiritual Development. Behavioral Development Bulletin22(2), 298-313.
• Elm, D.R., Weber, J. (1994). Measuring Moral Judgment: The Moral Judgment Interview or the Defining Issues Test?. Journal of Business Ethics, 13, 341-355.
• Fisher, D.G., Sweeney, J.T. (1998). The Relationship Between Political Attitudes and Moral Judgment: Examining the Validity of the Defining Issues Test. Journal of Business Ethics, 17, 905-916.
• Gilligan, C. (1982). In a Different Voice Psychological Theory and Women's Development. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
• Graduate Management Admission Council. (2005; 2021, 12 February). Application Trends Survey, Executive Summary of Key Findings. Retrieved from: https://www.gmac.com/market-intelligence-and-research/research-library/admissions-and-application-trends/2005-application-trends-survey-executive-summary-report
• Haan, N., Langer, J., Kohlberg, L. (1976). Family Patterns of Moral Reasoning. Child Development, 47, 1204-1206.
• Haidt, J. (2001). The emotional dog and its rational tail: A social intuitionist approach to moral judgment. Psychological Review, 108, 814-834.
• Jackson, J. (1999). Biznes i moralność. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
• Kant, I. (2002). Krytyka praktycznego rozumu. Kęty: Wydawnictwo Antyk.
• Kant, I. (2004). Krytyka praktycznego rozumu, przekład Benedykt Bornstein. Warszawa: De Agostini Spółka z o.o.
• Knoppen, D., Saris, W. (2009). Evaluation of the Portrait Values Questionnaire using SEM: A New ESS Proposal. Paper prepared for the QMSS2 seminar at Bolzano (Bozen), Italy, June 11-12.
• Kohlberg, L. (1975). Moral Education for a Society in Moral Transition. Educational Leadership, 33(1), 46-54.
• Kohlberg, L. (1963). The Development of Children's Orientations Toward a Moral Order I. Sequence in the Development of Moral Thought. Vita Humana, 6, 11-33.
• Kohlberg, L., Elfenbein, D. (1975). The Development of Moral Judgments Concerning Capital Punishment. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 45(4), 614-640.
• Kohlberg, L., Gilligan, C. (1971). The Adolescent as a Philosopher: The Discovery of the Self in a Postconventional World. Twelve to Sixteen: Early Adolescence. Daedalus, 100(4), 1051-1086.
• Kohlberg, L., Hersh, R.H. (1977). A Theory of Moral Development: A Review of the Theory. Theory into Practice, 16(5), 53-50.
• Kudlińska-Wodo, B. (2019). Deontologia profesjonalnego działania w zawodach pomocowych w świetle analizy kodeksów etycznych. Acta Universitatis Lodzienzis, Folia Sociologica, 69, 91-106. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/0208-600X.69.06
• Liem, G., Arief, D., Martin, A.J., Nair, E., Bernardo, A.B.I., Prasetya, P.H. (2011). Content and Structure of Values in Middle Adolescence: Evidence from Singapore, the Philippines, Indonesia, and Australia. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 42(1), 146-154. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022110383309
• Mandeville, B. (1957). Bajka o pszczołach. Warszawa: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe.
• Mulla, Z.R., Krishnan, V.R. (2014). Karma-Yoga: The Indian Model of Moral Development. Journal of Business Ethics, 123, 339-351.
• Ossowska, M. (1985). Normy moralne próba systematyzacji. Warszawa: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe.
• Payne, D., Pawlak, M. and Mahesh, S. (2018). The Moral Development Index of Future Business Leaders: A Study on the Impact of Changes in Economic Systems and Gender. Journal of Business and Management, 24(1), 50-79.
• Perrinjaquet, A., Radboud, O.F., Usunier, J.C., Cestre, G., Valette-Florence, P. (2007). A Test of the Quasi-Circumplex Structure of Human Values. Journal of Research in Personality, August 2007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2006.10.006
• Piaget, J. (1965; 2021, 12 February). The Moral Judgment of the Child. Illinois: Free Press, Glencoe. Retrieved from: https://archive.org/details/moraljudgmentoft005613mbp/page/n5
• Ramasamy, B., Yeung, M.C.H., Au, A.K.M. (2010). Consumer Support for Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): The Role of Religion and Values. Journal of Business Ethics, 91, 61-72.
• Rest, J., Turiel, E., Kohlberg, L. (1969). Level of Moral Development as a Determinant of Preference and Comprehension of Moral Judgments Made by Others. Journal of Personality, 37(2), 225-252.
• Rest, J., Narvaez, D., Bebeau, M., Thoma, S. (1999). A Neo-Kohlbergian Approach: The DIT and Schema Theory. Educational Psychology Review, 11(4), 291-324.
• Richards, S. (1991). The Relation between Conservative Religious Ideology and Principled Moral Reasoning: A Review. Review of Religious Research, 32(4), 359-368.
• Richards, S., Davison, M. (1992). Religious Bias in Moral Development Research: A Psychometric Investigation. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 31(4), 467-485.
• Robin, D.P., Gordon, G., Jordan, C., Reidenbach, R.E. (1996). The Empirical Performance of Cognitive Moral Development in Predicting Behavioral Intent. Business Ethics Quarterly, 6(4), 493-515.
• Rokeach, M. (1965). Paradoxes of religious belief. Trans-Action, 2, 9-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03180791
• Sabin, B.M. (2006). A Faith-Based Program Evaluation: Moral Development of Seminary Students at the Louisiana State Penitentiary. A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Education in the Department of Educational Research, Technology, and Leadership in the College of Education at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida.
• Schwartz, S.H. (2006). Value orientations: Measurement, antecedents and consequences across nations. In: R. Jowell, C. Roberts, R. Fitzgerald, G. Eva (eds.), Measuring attitudes cross-nationally - lessons from the European Social Survey. London: Sage, 169-203.
• Simpson, E. (1974). Moral development research: A case study of scientific cultural bias. Human Development, 17, 81-106.
• Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. (2021, 14 July). Deontological Ethics. Retrieved from: https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ethics-deontological/
• Stoian, C., Zaharia, R.M. (2012). CSR Development in Post-communist Economies: Employees' Expectations Regarding Corporate Socially Responsible Behaviour - the Case of Romania. Business Ethics: A European Review, 21(4), 380-401.
• Struch, N., Schwartz, S.H., van der Kloot, W.A. (2002). Meanings of Basic Values for Women and Men: A Cross-Cultural Analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28(1), 16-28.
• Tapp, J.L., Kohlberg, L. (1971). Developing Senses of Law and Legal Justice. Journal of Social Issues, 27(2), 65-91.
• Tatum, J.L., Foubert, J.D., Fuqua, D.R., Ray, C.M. (2013). The Relationship Between First Year College Men's Religious Affiliation and Their Moral Development. College Student Affairs Journal, 31(2), 101-110.
• Traiser, S., Eighmy, M.A. (2011). Moral Development and Narcissism of Private and Public University Business Students. Journal of Business Ethics, 99, 325-334.
• Weber, J. (1996). Welcoming Another CMD Instrument-the MES: But Don't Throw Out the MJI or DIT Just Yet! Commentary on The Empirical Performance of Cognitive Moral Development in Predicting Behavioral Intent D.P. Robin, G. Gordon, C. Jordan, & R.E. Reidenbach 1996. Business Ethics Quarterly, 6(4), 517-522.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.24917/20833296.172.4