Performance Evaluation in the Inter-Institutional Collaboration Context of Hybrid Smart Cities

• Autorzy: Silvana Secinaro , Valerio Brescia , Daniel Iannaci , Manuela Barreca
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Objective: The smart city is defined as a mix of urban strategies aimed at optimizing and innovating public services. Current cities are hybrid and affected by complex systems with inter-institutional collaboration. This study aims to understand which variables are most present and important according to the literature review and comparative analysis of two case studies.
Methodology: The authors have chosen the emerging smart city of Turin and Lugano to conduct a cross-analysis based on the matrix proposed by Yin (2017). This research is characterized as a holistic study of multiple cases.
Findings: The research was carried out thanks to results produced by literature and emerging from the analysis of realities exposed, to assess the performance of projects and urban sustainability. A set of 71 indicators has been designed to assess the impacts of a smart city. 5 Indicators are related to management performance, 18 to governance and 48 to reporting.
Value Added: This research aims to implement the theory of information reporting by providing guidelines for indicators in inter-institutional, cross-sectoral and multi-level contexts maximising smart factors in cities and meeting stakeholder needs in a hybrid organization.
Recommendations: Future research is recommended to confirm the relevant indicators for stakeholders associated with communication methods. (original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Smart city; Hybrid organizations

PL

Inteligentne miasto; Organizacje hybrydowe

• Czasopismo: Journal of Intercultural Management
• Rocznik: 2021
• Tom: 13
• Numer: nr 3
• Strony: 20--46

Twórcy

autor

Silvana Secinaro

• University of Turin

autor

Valerio Brescia

• University of Turin

autor

Daniel Iannaci

• University of Turin

autor

Manuela Barreca

• Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI)

Bibliografia

• AAström, J., Karlsson, M., Linde, J., & Pirannejad, A. (2012). Understanding the Rise of E-participation in Non-democracies: Domestic and International Factors. Government Information Quarterly, 29, 142-150.
• Adams, C. A., & Frost, G. R. (2008). Integrating sustainability reporting into management practices, in: Accounting Forum. Taylor & Francis, 288-302.
• Adams, C. A., Muir, S., & Hoque, Z. (2014). Measurement of sustainability performance in the public sector. Sustain.
• Adcroft, A., & Willis, R. (2005). The (Un)intended Outcome of Public Sector Performance Measurement. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 18, 386-400.
• Alawadhi, S., Aldama-Nalda, A., Chourabi, H., Gil-Garcia, J.R., Leung, S., Mellouli, S., Nam, T., Pardo, T.A., Scholl, H.J., & Walker, S. (2012). Building Understanding of Smart City Initiatives. In: International Conference on Electronic Government (pp. 40-53). Springer,.
• Albino, V., Berardi, U., & Dangelico, R. M. (2015). Smart Cities: Definitions, Dimensions, Performance, and Initiatives. Journal of Urban Technology, 22, 3-21.
• Argento, D., Grossi, G., Persson, K., & Vingren, T. (2019). Sustainability disclosures of hybrid organizations: Swedish state-owned enterprises. Meditari Accountancy Research.
• Bakıcı, T., Almirall, E., & Wareham, J. (2013). A Smart City Initiative: the Case of Barcelona. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 4.
• Bătăgan, L. (2011). Smart Cities and Sustainability Models. Information Economics and Policy, 15, 80-87.
• Behn, R. D. (2002). The Psychological Barriers to Performance Management: Or Why Isn't Everyone Jumping on the Performance-Management Bandwagon?. Public Performance & Management Review, 26, 5-25.
• Billis, D. (Ed.). (2010). Hybrid Organizations and the Third Sector: Challenges for Practice, Theory and Policy. Macmillan International Higher Education.
• Bonollo, E., & Merli, M. Z. (2018). Performance Reporting in Italian Public Universities: Activities in Support of Research, Teaching and the "Third Mission". In Outcome-Based Performance Management in the Public Sector (pp. 307-329). Springer.
• Borgonovi, E., Anessi-Pessina, E., & Bianchi, C. (2018). Outcome-based Performance Management in the Public Sector. Springer.
• Botzem, S., & Hofmann, J. (2010). Transnational Governance Spirals: The Transformation of Rule-Making Authority in Internet Regulation and Corporate Financial Reporting. Critical Policy Studies, 4, 18-37.
• Bouckaert, G., & Halligan, J. (2007). Managing performance: International comparisons. Routledge.
• Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document Analysis as a Qualitative Research Method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9, 27-40.
• Brescia, V., & Calandra, D. (2020). I Bilanci degli ETS e la determinazione di costi e ricavi figurativi. European Journal of Volunteering and Community-Based Projects, 1(3), 4-15.
• Bris, A., Cabolis, C., & Lanvin, B. (2019). Sixteen Shades of Smart: How Cities Can Shape Their Own Future. IMD International.
• Brunetto, Y., Xerri, M., Trinchero, E., Farr-Wharton, R., Shacklock, K., & Borgonovi, E. (2016). Public-Private Sector Comparisons of Nurses' Work Harassment Using Set: Italy and Australia. Public Management Review, 18, 1479-1503.
• Caird, S. (2018). City Approaches to Smart City Evaluation and Reporting: Case Studies in the United Kingdom. Urban Research and Practice, 11, 159-179.
• Caragliu, A., & Del Bo, C. (2018). Much Ado About Something? An Appraisal of the Relationship Between Smart City and Smart Specialisation Policies. Tijdschrift Voor Economische En Sociale Geografie, 109, 129-143.
• Castelnovo, W., Misuraca, G., & Savoldelli, A. (2016). Smart Cities Governance: The Need for a Holistic Approach to Assessing Urban Participatory Policy Making. Social Science Computer Review, 34, 724-739.
• Cepiku, D. (2005). Governance: Riferimento Concettuale o Ambiguità Terminologica nei Processi di Innovazione della PA. Azienda Pubblica, 1, 84-110.
• Cepiku, D., Hinna, A., Scarozza, D., & Savignon, A. B. (2017). Performance Information Use in Public Administration: An Exploratory Study of Determinants and Effects. Journal of Management and Governance, 21, 963-991.
• Cepiku, D., & Savignon, A. B. (2012). Governing Cutback Management: Is There a Global Strategy for Public Administrations?. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 25, 428-436.
• City of Turin (2020). Torino Smart City. Retrieved from http://www.comune.torino.it/ambiente/smart_city/index.shtml.
• City of Turin (2021). Smart City Strategy of Turin. Retrieved from http://www.torinosmartcity.it/.
• Clark, G., & Moonen, T. (2014a). Mumbai: India's Global City. Case Study. Global Cities Initiative. Jt. Project Brook. JPMorgan Chase.
• Clark, G., & Moonen, T. (2014b). Hong Kong: A Globally Fluent Metropolitan City. Hong Kong Global Cities Initiative.
• Denis, J.-L., Ferlie, E., & Gestel, N. V. (2015). Understanding Hybridity in Public Organizations. Public Administration, 93(2), 273-289.
• Dubé, L., & Paré, G. (2003). Rigor in Information Systems positivist Case Research: Current Practices, Trends, and Recommendations. MIS Quarterly, 27, 597-636.
• Epstein, M. J., & Yuthas, K. (2017). Measuring and improving social impacts: A guide for nonprofits, companies and impact investors. Routledge.
• Esposito, P., Brescia, V., Fantauzzi, C., & Frondizi, R. (2021). Understanding Social Impact and Value Creation in Hybrid Organizations: The Case of Italian Civil Service. Sustainability, 13(7), 4058.
• Federici, T., Braccini, A. M., & Sæbø, Ø. (2015). 'Gentlemen, all aboard!' ICT and Party Politics: Reflections from a Mass-eParticipation Experience. Government Information Quarterly, 32, 287-298.
• Frederickson, H. G. (1999). The repositioning of American public administration. PS: Political Science and Politics, 32, 701-712.
• Freeman, J. (2000). The Private Role in the Public Governance. N. Y. University Law Review, 75, 543-675.
• Freeman, R. E. (1984). Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach. Pitman, Boston.
• Glasmeier, A., & Christopherson, S. (2015). Thinking about smart cities. Oxford University Press UK.
• Goldoff, A. C. (2000). Decision-making in Organizations: The New Paradigm. International Journal of Public Administration, 23, 2017-2044.
• Goodspeed, R. (2015). Smart Cities: Moving Beyond Urban Cybernetics to Tackle Wicked Problems. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 8, 79-92.
• Grossi, G., Biancone, P. P., Secinaro, S., & Brescia, V. (2021). Dialogic Accounting Through Popular Reporting and Digital Platforms. Meditari Accountancy Research.
• Hammerschmid, G., & Meyer, R. E. (2005). Public Management Dynamics in a Federal Legalistic Rechtsstaat System: Results from an Executive Survey in Austria. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 18, 629-640.
• Hoffmann, W. H. (2007). Strategies for Managing a Portfolio of Alliances. Strategy Management Journal, 28, 827-856.
• Hollands, R. G. (2015). Critical Interventions into the Corporate Smart City. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 8, 61-77.
• Holman, N. (2009). Incorporating Local Sustainability Indicators into Structures of Local Governance: a Review of the Literature. Local Environment, 14, 365-375.
• Holt, D., & Littlewood, D. (2015). Identifying, Mapping, and Monitoring the Impact of Hybrid Firms. California Management Review, 57, 107-125.
• Hood, C. (1991). A Public Management for All Seasons?. Public Administration, 69, 3-19.
• Hood, C. (1995). The "New Public Management" in the 1980s: Variations on a Theme. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 20, 93-109.
• IMD (2019). Smart City Index 2019. IMD World Competitiveness Center's Smart City Observatory and Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD). Retrieved from https://www.imd.org/globalassets/wcc/docs/smart_city/smart-_city_index_digital.pdf.
• Julnes, P. de L., & Holzer, M. (2001). Promoting the Utilization of Performance Measures in Public Organizations: An Empirical Study of Factors Affecting Adoption and Implementation. Public Administration Review, 61, 693-708.
• Kellen, V., & Wolf, B. (2003). Business Performance Measurement. Information Visualization, 1, 1-36.
• Kickert, W. (1993). Complexity, Governance and Dynamics: Conceptual Explorations of Public Network Management. Modern Governance, 1993, 191-204.
• Kickert, W.J., Klijn, E.-H., & Koppenjan, J. F. (1997). Managing Complex Networks: Strategies for the Public Sector. Sage.
• Komninos, N. (2013). Intelligent Cities: Innovation, Knowledge Systems and Digital Spaces. Routledge.
• Kooiman, J. (1999). Social-political Governance: Overview, Reflections and Design. Public Management: An International Journal of Research and Theory, 1, 67-92.
• Kuhlmann, S. (2018). Introduction to Discussion Paper on 'Three Frames for Innovation Policy: R&D, Systems of Innovation and Transformative Change.' Research Policy, 47, 1553.
• Kuhlmann, S., & Wayenberg, E. (2016). Institutional Impact Assessment in Multilevel systems: Conceptualizing Decentralization Effects from a Comparative Perspective. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 82, 233-254.
• Lavie, D., Kang, J., & Rosenkopf, L. (2010). Balance Within and Across Domains: The Performance Implications of Exploration and Exploitation in Alliances. Organization Science, 22, 1517-1538.
• Lavie, D., & Rosenkopf, L. (2006). Balancing Exploration and Exploitation in Alliance Formation. Academy of Management Journal, 49, 797-818.
• Lima, M. (2020). Smarter Organizations: Insights from a Smart City Hybrid Framework. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 16(4), 1281-1300.
• Mak, H. W. L., & Lam, Y. F. (2021). Comparative Assessments and Insights of Data Openness of 50 Smart Cities in Air Quality Aspects. Sustainable Cities and Society, 69, 102868.
• Marsh, D., & Rhodes, R. A. W. (1992). Policy Networks in British Government. Clarendon Press.
• Massaro, M., Dumay, J., & Bagnoli, C. (2019). Transparency and the rhetorical use of citations to Robert Yin in case study research. Meditari Accountancy Research.
• McGeough, F. (2015). Performance Reporting in Ireland: The Ongoing Gap Between Rhetoric and Reality. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 28, 2-10.
• Meijer, A. (2016). Smart City Governance: A Local Emergent Perspective. Public Administration and Information Technology, 11, 73-85.
• Meijer, A., & Bolívar, M. P. R. (2016). Governing the Smart City: a Review of the Literature on Smart Urban Governance. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 82, 392-408.
• Meneguzzo, M. (1995). Dal New Public Management alla Public Governance: il Pendolo della Ricerca sulla Amministrazione Pubblica. Azienda Pubblica 8, 491-510.
• Meneguzzo, M., Fiorani, G., & Frondizi, R. (2018). Performance management and evaluation of large-scale events in a multistakeholder engagement perspective: the case of the Extraordinary Jubilee of Mercy. In Outcome-Based Performance Management in the Public Sector. Springer, pp. 349-370.
• Meyer, R. E., & Hammerschmid, G. (2006). Changing Institutional Logics and Executive Identities: A Managerial Challenge to Public Administration in Austria. American Behavioral Science, 49, 1000-1014.
• Milward, H. B., & Provan, K. (2003). Managing the Hollow State Collaboration and Contracting. Public Management Review, 5, 1-18.
• Mosannenzadeh, F., & Vettorato, D. (2014). Defining Smart city. A Conceptual Framework Based on Keyword Analysis. TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, 24(1).
• Nam, T. (2019). Determinants of Local Public Employee Attitudes Toward Government Innovation: Government 3.0 in Korea. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 32, 418-434.
• Nam, T., & Pardo, T. A. (2011). Conceptualizing smart city with dimensions of technology, people, and institutions. In Proceedings of the 12th Annual International Digital Government Research Conference: Digital Government Innovation in Challenging Times (pp. 282-291). ACM,
• Osborne, S. P. (2006). The new public governance? Taylor & Francis.
• Pardo, T. A., Gil-Garcia, J. R., & Luna-Reyes, L. F. (2010). Collaborative Governance and Cross-Boundary Information Sharing: Envisioning a Networked and IT-enabled Public Administration. In The Future of Public Administration Around the World: Minnowbrook Perspective, 129-39.
• Phillips, N., Lawrence, T. B., & Hardy, C. (2000). Inter-Organizational Collaboration and the Dynamics of Institutional Fields. Journal of Management Studies, 37.
• Pollitt, C., & Bouckaert, G. (2004). Public Management Reform: A Comparative Analysis. Oxford University Press, USA.
• Powell, W. W. (1987). Hybrid Organizational Arrangements: New Form or Transitional Development? California Management Review, Fall.
• Pozzebon, M., Cunha, M. A., & Coelho, T. R. (2016). Making Sense to Decreasing Citizen E-participation Through a Social Representation Lens. Information and Organization, 26, 84-99.
• Ramirez Lopez, L. J., & Grijalba Castro, A. I. (2021). Sustainability and Resilience in Smart City Planning: A Review. Sustainability, 13(1), 181.
• Rhodes, R. A. (1997). Understanding governance: Policy networks, governance, reflexivity and accountability. Open University Press.
• Rigby, J., Dewick, P., Courtney, R., & Gee, S. (2014). Limits to the Implementation of Benchmarking Through KPIs in UK Construction Policy: Insights from Game Theory. Public Management Review, 16, 782-806.
• Robbins, G., & Lapsley, I. (2015). From Secrecy to Transparency: Accounting and the Transition from Religious Charity to Publicly owned Hospital. British Accounting Review, 47, 19-32.
• Savoldelli, A., Misuraca, G., & Codagnone, C. (2013). Measuring the Public Value of e-Government: The eGEP2. 0 model. Electronic Journal of E-Government, 11, 373-388.
• Secinaro, S., Bignamini, E., Cappa, C., & Calandra, D. (2020). La Qualità dei Dati all'interno dell'evoluzione dei Servizi Territoriali: il Caso del Servizio Dipendenze. MECOSAN. Menagement e Economia Sanitaria, 29(116), 31-51.
• Secinaro, S., Brescia, V., Calandra, D., & Biancone, P. (2021). Towards a Hybrid Model for the Management of Smart City Initiatives. Cities, 116, 103278.
• Sicilia, M., & Steccolini, I. (2017). Public Budgeting in Search for an Identity: State of the Art and Future Challenges. Public Management Review, 19, 905-910.
• Suciu, G., Necula, L. A., Jelea, V., Cristea, D. S., Rusu, C. C., Mistodie, L. R., & Ivanov, M. P. (2021). Smart City Platform Based on Citizen Reporting Services. In Advances in Industrial Internet of Things, Engineering and Management (pp. 87-100). Springer, Cham.
• Talbot, C., & Wiggan, J. (2010). The Public Value of the National Audit Office. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 23, 54-70.
• Ticino (2021). Smart City Ticino. Retrieved from https://smart-city-ticino-swissgeohub.hub.arcgis.com/.
• Torfing, J., Peters, B. G., Pierre, J., & Sørensen, E. (2012). Interactive Governance: Advancing the paradigm. Oxford University Press on demand.
• UNITO-USI. (2020). Framework and results of "Performance evaluation in the Inter-institutional collaboration context of hybrid smart cities" [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5791706.
• Vaccaro, A., Veloso, F., & Brusoni, S. (2009). The Impact of Virtual Technologies on Knowledge-based Processes: An Empirical Study. Research Policy, 38, 1278-1287.
• Vallicelli, M. (2018). Smart Cities and Digital Workplace Culture in the Global European Context: Amsterdam, London and Paris. City, Culture and Society, 12, 25-34.
• Van Rooijen, T., Nesterova, N., & Guikink, D. (2013). Civitas WIKI: applied framework for evaluation in CIVITAS PLUS II. Civitas Initiative.
• Viale Pereira, G., Cunha, M. A., Lampoltshammer, T. J., Parycek, P., & Testa, M. G. (2017). Increasing Collaboration and Participation in Smart City Governance: A Cross-Case Analysis of Smart City Initiatives. Information Technology for Development, 23, 526-553.
• Wiig, A., & Wyly, E. (2016). Introduction: Thinking through the politics of the smart city. Taylor & Francis.
• Yigitcanlar, T., Velibeyoglu, K., & Martinez-Fernandez, C. (2008). Rising knowledge cities: the role of urban knowledge precincts. Journal of Knowledge Management, 12, 8-20.
• Yin, R. K. (2014). Case study research: Design and Methods (Fifth). SAGE Publications Ltd.
• Yin, R. K. (2017). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods. SAGE Publications.
• Zygiaris, S. (2013). Smart City Reference Model: Assisting Planners to Conceptualize The Building of Smart City Innovation Ecosystems. Journal of Knowledge Economy, 4, 217-231.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.2478/joim-2021-0065