Empiryczna rewolucja : Nagroda Banku Szwecji im. Alfreda Nobla w 2021 r.: David Card, Joshua Angrist, Guido Imbens

• Autorzy: Dominik Buttler

Warianty tytułu

Empirical Revolution : Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 2021: David Card, Joshua Angrist, Guido Imbens

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

W artykule opisano istotę schematu quasi-eksperymentalnego wykorzystywanego i twórczo rozwijanego przez laureatów tegorocznej Nagrody Nobla. W szczególności scharakteryzowano cztery najpopularniejsze metody stosowane w ramach tego podejścia: model regresji nieciągłej, techniki parowania statystycznego, metodę różnicy w różnicach oraz regresję ze zmienną instrumentalną. Następnie przedstawiono istotę "rewolucji wiarygodności", która - m.in. za sprawą Davida Carda, Joshuy Angrista i Guido Imbensa - odmieniła sposób uprawiania współczesnej ekonomii i wprowadziła metody quasi-eksperymentalne do kanonu ekonometrii. Na tym tle został zarysowany dorobek tegorocznych laureatów zarówno w odniesieniu do metod ekonometrycznych, jak i wiedzy ekonomicznej w trzech obszarach: edukacji, migracji międzynarodowych i rynku pracy. W artykule omówiono również ograniczenia podejścia empirycznego reprezentowanego przez noblistów. W ostatniej części zaprezentowano sylwetkę Alana Kruegera, wieloletniego współpracownika tegorocznych laureatów, który - gdyby żył - z pewnością dołączyłby do grona nagrodzonych ekonomicznym Noblem. (abstrakt oryginalny)

EN

The article describes the essence of the quasi-experimental scheme widely used and creatively developed by the winners of this year's Nobel Prize. In particular, the four most popular methods used within this approach are characterized: regression discontinuity design, propensity score matching, difference-in-differences method, and instrumental variable regression. Subsequently the essence of the so-called "credibility revolution" in economics is presented, which - thanks to David Card, Joshua Angrist and Guido Imbens - changed the way of conducting contemporary economic research and introduced quasi-experimental methods to the mainstream of econometrics. Against this background, the achievements of this year's laureates have been outlined both in the area of econometric methods and economic knowledge in three areas: education, international migration and the labour market. The article also discusses the limitations of the empirical approach represented by the Nobel Prize winners. The last part presents the profile of Alan Krueger, a long-time associate of this year's Laureates, who - if he were still alive - would certainly join the group of the economic Nobel Prize winners. (original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

PL

Nagroda Nobla z ekonomii; Ekonomia; Rynek pracy; Edukacja; Metody ekonometryczne

EN

Nobel Prize in economic; Economics; Labour market; Education; Econometric methodology

• Czasopismo: Ekonomista
• Rocznik: 2022
• Numer: nr 1
• Strony: 114--126

Twórcy

autor

Dominik Buttler

• Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Poznaniu

Bibliografia

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Identyfikatory

DOI

10.52335/dvqigjykff51