Międzynarodowa porównywalność danych o zgonach według przyczyn w badaniu regionalnych różnic umieralności na przykładzie Czech, Holandii i Polski w latach 1994-1996

• Autorzy: Wojciech Bijak

Warianty tytułu

International comparability of mortality data by causes of death in the studies of regional mortality differences: country studies for the Czech republic, the Netherlands and Poland, 1994-1996

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

Dostępność wysokiej jakości, spójnych statystyk dotyczących umieralności według przyczyn zgonów staje się współcześnie istotnym problemem z punktu widzenia choćby systemów opieki zdrowotnej, funduszy emerytalnych czy ubezpieczeń na życie na całym świecie. Dynamiczny rozwój tych dziedzin życia i związanych z nimi instytucji wymaga coraz dokładniejszego opisu stanu zdrowia ludności. Problem porównywalności danych jest szczególnie istotny w Europie, gdzie procesy unifikacyjne wymagają pełnej porównywalności danych o zgonach na poziomie międzynarodowym. Istnieje ponadto silna potrzeba przeprowadzania zarówno w Europie, jak i na całym świecie, prognoz i symulacji rozwoju populacji opartych na różnych scenariuszach dotyczących między innymi umieralności. Ten aspekt problemu jest kluczowy dla instytucji i agend międzynarodowych, takich jak ONZ, WHO czy Komisja Europejska. Spójna polityka zdrowotna i ludnościowa wymaga wiarygodnych i porównywalnych danych.(abstrakt oryginalny)

EN

Availability of high-quality, reliable data on mortality by causes of death be-comes contemporarily an important issue from the point of view of health care and social security systems. Nevertheless, certain discrepancies in data comparability between different countries and regions exist, resulting from the specifics of three sources related to the registration procedure: medical diagnostics, death certification and cause-of-death coding. The current paper discusses both the theoretical aspects of these issues and a related empirical study of the Czech Republic, the Netherlands and Poland in the period 1994-1996. The subsequent sections of the paper are devoted to: theoretical aspects of the problem with quality and comparability of cause-of-death statistics, meth-ods of data control and verification, and a corroboration of data reliability for the Czech Republic, the Netherlands and Poland in 1994-1996. In the latter, empirical part of the study, a "macro" approach to data quality validation is investigated, based on the analysis of aggregated data on cause-specific mor-tality. This methodology can be helpful in identifying regions and causes of death, for which certain problems with data quality and validity can be observed. The analysis is based on a study of agespecific mortality patterns, interdependence between reporting on different causes of death, and relation between the prevalence of certain causes of death registered in particular countries and the numbers of autopsies performed. Most of the problems with the validity of cause-specific mortality data were observed for Poland. As the inconsistencies were related to the biggest group of causes of death - the cardiovascular diseases - this negatively affects in-ternational comparability of the mortality data. In the case of Poland, the most likely reason seems to be incoherent classification of particular causes of death, especially on a regional level. An apparent example is the former voivodship of Krosno with its drastically overestimated mortality due to ischaemic heart disease. Some inconsistencies were observed also for the Czech Republic and The Netherlands. However irregularities in these countries may be explained by small sizes of the regional samples. For the purpose of international comparative studies, an analysis of aggregate groups of causes of death may be considered a solution to the problems of data incomparability and small sample sizes. Nevertheless, a need for improvement of quality and comparability of the cause-of-death statistics remains a vital issue (original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

PL

Umieralność; Przyczyny umieralności; Analiza danych statystycznych

EN

Mortality; Causes of mortality; Statistical data analysis

• Czasopismo: Studia Demograficzne
• Rocznik: 2003
• Numer: nr 2(144)
• Strony: 3--53

Twórcy

autor

Wojciech Bijak

• Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie

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