Ecotourism Service Provision and Incomes of Rural Households. The Case of Beijing in China

• Autorzy: Edison Mulia , Ting Meng , Wojciech J. Florkowski

Warianty tytułu

Dostarczanie usług ekoturystycznych i dochody gospodarstw na terenach wiejskich: przypadek Pekinu w Chinach

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

This study focuses on the choice of rural residents to provide ecotourism services and the effects on their household income as a path to alleviate urban-rural income discrepancy using survey data collected in villages located in Beijing in China. The empirical modelling of the decision to offer ecotourism services originated from the framework of the random utility model (RUM). The decision equation and income equation are estimated using the logit and ordered logit techniques, respectively. The calculated probability changes based on the estimated regression coefficients provide measures of the likelihood of choosing to provide services or factors related to the change in rural household income. Older residents, those with children in a household, and those having relatively more income are less likely to decide to provide ecotourism services. Factors affecting income are identified in another equation. Income increases if a rural resident completed high school, is married, or male, but decreases as resident age increases. The probability changes are largest for households with a relatively lower income (excluding any income from ecotourism services), although the specific probability changes vary by household income level. Improvement in income is possible for households engaged in ecoservice provision and is facilitated by enhancing education of residents. However, low income households are unlikely to engage in tourism services and appear to be run by older, less educated residents.(original abstract)

Celem artykułu jest ocena czynników wpływających na podejmowanie decyzji o świadczeniu usług ekoturystycznych przez mieszkańców terenów wiejskich. Zbadano także wpływ tych usług na dochody gospodarstw domowych, jako możliwość niwelowania różnicy w dochodach pomiędzy wsią i miastem. Do analizy wykorzystano dane pochodzące z badań ankietowych przeprowadzonych wśród mieszkańców wsi w chińskiej Prowincji Pekin. Model empiryczny decyzji oferowania usług ekoturystycznych opierał się na modelu użyteczności przypadkowej (random utility model, RUM). Do obliczenia równań decyzyjnych i modelujących dochody zastosowano odpowiednio: metodę logitową i uporządkowaną metodę logtiową. Na podstawie współczynników regresji obliczono efekty krańcowe, które były miarami zmian w prawdopodobieństwie wyboru dostarczania usług lub ich wpływu na dochody gospodarstwa wiejskiego, w reakcji na zmianę wartości zmiennej objaśniającej. Niższe prawdopodobieństwo świadczenia usług ekoturystycznych występowało u starszych mieszkańców, w rodzinach z dziećmi oraz w gospodarstwach mieszkańców ze stosunkowo wysokim dochodem. W odrębnym równaniu zidentyfikowano czynniki wpływające na dochody. Zaobserwowano, że dochody zwiększały się u tych mieszkańców, którzy ukończyli szkołę średnią, pozostawali w związku małżeńskim lub byli mężczyznami. Natomiast dochody malały wraz z wiekiem respondenta. Największe zmiany wielkości dochodów wystąpiły w gospodarstwach o stosunkowo niskich dochodach (pomniejszonych o dochody ze sprzedaży usług ekoturystycznych), a wielkość tych zmian zależała od przedziału dochodów. Wzrost dochodów mieszkańców był możliwy w gospodarstwach, które świadczyły usługi ekoturystyczne i był on stymulowany przez podnoszenie poziomu wykształcenia mieszkańców. Małym prawdopodobieństwem zaangażowania się w dostarczanie usług ekoturystycznych charakteryzowali się mieszkańcy gospodarstw z niskimi dochodami, gdyż były to osoby starsze i mniej wykształcone.(abstrakt oryginalny)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Ecotourism; Households; Household income

PL

Ekoturystyka; Gospodarstwa domowe; Dochody gospodarstw domowych

• Czasopismo: Roczniki Naukowe Stowarzyszenia Ekonomistów Rolnictwa i Agrobiznesu
• Rocznik: 2022
• Tom: 24
• Numer: z. 3
• Strony: 120--138

Twórcy

autor

Edison Mulia

• China Agricultural University, Academy of Global Food Economics and Policy (AGFEP), China

autor

Ting Meng

• China Agricultural University, Academy of Global Food Economics and Policy (AGFEP), China

autor

Wojciech J. Florkowski

• University of Georgia, USA

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Identyfikatory

DOI

10.5604/01.3001.0015.9532