Non-Monotonic Reasoning in Medieval Theology: Problems and Assumptions

• Autorzy: Marcin Trepczyński
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Some interesting cases of non-monotonic reasoning have already been identified in medieval theological texts. Jacob Archambault proved in 2015 that the argumentation presented by St Anselm of Canterbury in his Proslogion has non-monotonic "embeddings". My own contribution from 2011 indicated that we can argue that a non-monotonic logic underlies some discussions provided by St Thomas Aquinas in his Summa theologiae, and showed that Boethius of Dacia used non-monotonic reasoning in his De aeternitate mundi. In this article, I would like to briefly present these examples and verify whether we can speak about similar cases in medieval Biblical exegesis. My aim is to outline particular problems connected with the identification of non-monotonicity which are specific to theology, as well as assumptions that should be adopted to successfully discuss this issue.(original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Theology; Logic

PL

Teologia; Logika

• Czasopismo: Studia Humana
• Rocznik: 2022
• Tom: 11(3-4)
• Strony: 53--66

Twórcy

autor

Marcin Trepczyński

• University of Warsaw, Poland

Bibliografia

• Archambault, J. Monotonic and Non-Monotonic Embeddings of Anselm's Proof. Logica Universalis 11 (1), 2017, pp. 120-138. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11787-017-0162-7.
• Besnard, P. A Note on Directions for Cumulativity. IfCoLog Journal of Logics and Their Applications 1 (2), 2014, pp. 77-81.
• Bonaventure of Bagnoregio and Karris R. J. (tr.). Commentary on the Gospel of John, Saint Bonaventure, NY: The Franciscan Institute and Saint Bonaventure University, 2007.
• Franks C. The Realm of the Sacred, Wherein We May Not Draw an Inference From Something Which Itself Has Been Inferred: A Reading of Talmud Bavli Zevachim Folio 50. History and Philosophy of Logic, 33(1), 2012, pp. 69-86.
• Gabbay, D. M. Theoretical Foundations for Non-Monotonic Reasoning in Expert Systems. In: K. R. Apt (ed.), Logics and Models of Concurrent Systems (pp. 439-457), Berlin: Springer, 1985.
• Jamieson, R. B. and Wittman, T. R. Biblical Reasoning: Christological and Trinitarian Rules for Exegesis, Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2022.
• Makinson, D. General Theory of Cumulative Inferences. In: M. Reinfrank, J. Kleer, M. L. Ginsberg, E. Sandewall (eds.), Non-Monotonic Reasoning: 2nd International Workshop, Grassau, FRG, June 1988. Proceedings (pp. 1-18), Berlin: Springer, 1989.
• Malinowski, J. Logiki niemonotoniczne. Przegląd Filozoficzny - Nowa seria 6 (1), 1997, pp. 31- 53.
• Malinowski, J. Rola oczekiwań w rozumowaniach. Ruch Filozoficzny 53 (4), 1996, pp. 757-583.
• McDermott, D. Nonmonotonic Logic II: Nonmonotonic Modal Theories, Journal of the ACM 29 (1), 1982, pp. 33-57. https://doi.org/10.1145/322290.322293.
• McDermott, D. and Doyle, J. Non-Monotonic Logic I. Artificial Intelligence 13 (1-2), 1980, pp. 41-72. https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-3702(80)90012-0.
• Pogoda, P. Tomasz z Akwinu monotonicznie. Filozofia Nauki 20 (2), 2012, pp. 129-133.
• Reiter, R. A Logic for Default Reasoning. Artificial Intelligence 13 (1-2), 1980, pp. 81-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-3702(80)90014-4.
• Reiter, R. On Reasoning by Default. In: D. L. Waltz (ed.), TINLAP '78: Proceedings of the 1978 Workshop on Theoretical Issues in Natural Language Processing (pp. 210-218), Stroudsburg, PA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 1978. https://doi.org/10.3115/980262.980297.
• Roszak, P. Between Dialectics and Metaphor. Dynamics of Exegetical Practice of Thomas Aquinas. Angelicum 90 (3), 2013, pp. 507-534.
• Schumann, A. Logical Cornestones of Judaic Argumentation Theory. Argumentation 27, 2014, pp. 305-326. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10503-012-9273-8.
• Trepczyński, M. Non-Monotonic Logic and the Compatibility of Science and Religion. Logica Universalis 4 (13), 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11787-019-00230-4.
• Trepczyński, M. Tomasz z Akwinu niemonotonicznie. Filozofia Nauki 19 (2), 2011, pp. 115-121.
• Wójtowicz, A. and Trepczyński, M. Logiki niemonotoniczne jako sposób wnioskowania w niesprzyjających warunkach. Filozofia Nauki 19 (2), 2011, pp. 99-103.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.2478/sh-2022-0016