The Interplay of Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Actors and Conditions in FinTech Ecosystems: an Empirical Analysis

• Autorzy: Marii Avarmaa , Lasse Torkkeli , Laivi Laidroo , Ekaterina Koroleva
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of actors and ecosystem conditions in the development of the FinTech ecosystems in Tallinn and Moscow. METHODOLOGY: The study develops a framework for investigating entrepreneurial ecosystems, combining ecosystem actors with ecosystem conditions. The framework is implemented through a comparative case study of FinTech ecosystems in Tallinn and Moscow, with data drawn from 35 semi-structured interviews and processed by means of thematic analysis. The primary data is supplemented with data from secondary sources. FINDINGS: The findings show how the ecosystem conditions and actors are interdependent in the FinTech ecosystems. Tallinn is an example of a strong entrepreneurial culture with its small market, advanced technological infrastructure, and talent, which leads to the dominance of the FinTech start-ups and the emergence of an active FinTech cluster organization. In Moscow, the institutional context, concentration of financial capital, and its large home market with a loyal customer base limit start-ups' ability to grow and form the ecosystem. IMPLICATIONS: The study contributes to the literature on entrepreneurial ecosystems and emerging technologies by integrating the streams of research on entrepreneurial ecosystems and FinTech ecosystems, combining FinTech actors with entrepreneurial ecosystem conditions. It also highlights the implications of variations of entrepreneurial culture, characteristics of the domestic demand and formal institutions in the development of ecosystems. It demonstrates that ecosystem conditions are likely to contribute to the emergence of the dominant actor in a particular ecosystem. Our results also suggest that when aiming to develop the FinTech ecosystem in a city, the support given to FinTech cluster organizations is essential. Facilitating university-industry cooperation through the cluster organizations or direct partnerships can contribute to the development of FinTech ecosystems. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: To our knowledge, this is the first study to illustrate how specific entrepreneurial ecosystem conditions lead to configurations with different types of ecosystem actors, and to illustrate how specific ecosystem conditions impact the way in which actors develop and operate and how the ecosystem configuration is structured. These have been notable omissions in extant entrepreneurial ecosystem research until now. The present study also illustrates sectoral variations in entrepreneurial ecosystems while highlighting the distinct features of emerging ecosystems. It also contributes to the emerging literature on FinTech ecosystems through a comparative empirical perspective, thereby enhancing understanding of local conditions necessary for developing and maintaining FinTech ecosystems in different contexts. (original abstract)

CEL: Celem tego artykułu jest zbadanie roli aktorów i warunków w rozwoju ekosystemów FinTech w Tallinie i Moskwie. METODYKA: Badanie rozwija ramy ekosystemów przedsiębiorczych, łącząc podmioty ekosystemowe z warunkami ekosystemowymi. Ramy są wdrażane poprzez porównawcze studium przypadków dotyczących ekosystemów FinTech w Tallinie i Moskwie z danymi pochodzącymi z 35 częściowo ustrukturyzowanych wywiadów i przetwarzanymi za pomocą analizy tematycznej. Dane pierwotne uzupełniane są danymi ze źródeł wtórnych. WYNIKI: Wyniki pokazują, w jaki sposób warunki ekosystemu i podmioty są współzależne w ekosystemach FinTech. Tallin jest przykładem silnej kultury przedsiębiorczości z małym rynkiem, zaawansowaną infrastrukturą technologiczną i talentami, co prowadzi do dominacji start-upów FinTech i powstania aktywnej organizacji klastrowej FinTech. W Moskwie kontekst instytucjonalny, koncentracja kapitału finansowego oraz duży rynek macierzysty z bazą lojalnych klientów ograniczają zdolność start-upów do rozwoju i tworzenia ekosystemu. IMPLIKACJE: Badanie wnosi wkład w literaturę na temat ekosystemów przedsiębiorczości i nowych technologii poprzez integrację strumieni badań nad ekosystemami przedsiębiorczości i ekosystemami FinTech, łącząc podmioty FinTech z warunkami ekosystemu przedsiębiorczości. Podkreśla również implikacje zmienności kultury przedsiębiorczości, charakterystyki popytu krajowego i instytucji formalnych w rozwoju ekosystemów. Pokazuje, że warunki ekosystemowe prawdopodobnie przyczynią się do pojawienia się dominującego aktora w danym ekosystemie. Nasze wyniki sugerują również, że przy dążeniu do rozwoju ekosystemu FinTech w mieście niezbędne jest wsparcie udzielane organizacjom klastrów FinTech. Ułatwienie współpracy uczelni z przemysłem za pośrednictwem organizacji klastrowych lub bezpośrednich partnerstw może przyczynić się do rozwoju ekosystemów FinTech. ORYGINALNOŚĆ I WARTOŚĆ: Według naszej wiedzy jest to pierwsze badanie ilustrujące, w jaki sposób określone warunki ekosystemu przedsiębiorczego prowadzą do konfiguracji z różnymi typami aktorów ekosystemu oraz ilustrujące, w jaki sposób określone warunki ekosystemowe wpływają na sposób, w jaki podmioty rozwijają się i działają oraz jak konfiguracja ekosystemu jest ustrukturyzowana. Niniejsze badanie ilustruje również różnice sektorowe w ekosystemach przedsiębiorczości, podkreślając jednocześnie odrębne cechy nowych ekosystemów. Wnosi również wkład do powstającej literatury na temat ekosystemów FinTech poprzez porównawczą perspektywę empiryczną, zwiększając w ten sposób zrozumienie lokalnych warunków niezbędnych do rozwoju i utrzymania ekosystemów FinTech w różnych kontekstach. (abstrakt oryginalny)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

FinTech; Entrepreneurship; Ecosystem

PL

Technologie finansowe; Przedsiębiorczość; Ekosystem

• Czasopismo: Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation (JEMI)
• Rocznik: 2022
• Tom: 18
• Numer: nr 4 Financial Ecologies Framed by Fintech
• Strony: 79--113

Twórcy

autor

Marii Avarmaa

• TalTech School of Business and Governance, Estonia

autor

Lasse Torkkeli

• TalTech School of Business and Governance, Estonia; LAB University of Applied Sciences, Finland

autor

Laivi Laidroo

• TalTech School of Business and Governance, Estonia

autor

Ekaterina Koroleva

• TalTech School of Business and Governance, Estonia

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Identyfikatory

DOI

https://doi.org/10.7341/20221843