Subjective Norms and Entrepreneurial Intention: a Moderated-Serial Mediation Model

• Autorzy: Van Hieu Pham , Thi Kim Chi Nguyen , Thi Bich Lien Nguyen , Thi Thanh Thuy Tran , Thi Viet Nga Nguyen
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

PURPOSE: This study aims to clarify the effect mechanism of subjective norms on entrepreneurial intention. The results of how subjective norms contribute to forming start-up intention are inconsistent and unclear, which is notable in previous research. By integrating the theory of planned behavior and the theory of self-efficacy, we investigate whether entrepreneurial self-efficacy and attitude toward entrepreneurship serially mediate the relationship between subjective norms and intention to start a business. In addition, this study examines the moderate role of entrepreneurial education on the serial indirect effect of subjective norms on entrepreneurial intention via entrepreneurial self-efficacy and attitude toward entrepreneurship. METHODOLOGY: This study utilized a sample of 958 master's students in Vietnam to investigate a moderated-serial mediation model of subjective norms on entrepreneurial intention. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was carried out to check the reliability and validity of the scales. Then, the SPSS PROCESS macro developed by Hayes was employed to test the research model. Specifically, Model 6 was used to examine the serial indirect effect of subjective norms on start-up intention and Model 84 was implemented to investigate the moderate effect of entrepreneurial education. FINDINGS: The results of this study found that entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial attitude significantly mediate subjective norms' effect on entrepreneurial intention. Especially, the results reveal that the serial mediation effect of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and attitude toward entrepreneurship was significant and entrepreneurial self-efficacy and attitude toward entrepreneurship played a fully mediating role in the relationship between subjective norms and start-up intention. In addition, this study found that the serial mediation effect of subjective norms on start-up intention via entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial attitude was negatively moderated by entrepreneurial education. IMPLICATIONS: The results of this study further clarify the relationship between subjective norms and entrepreneurial intention and the role of entrepreneurial education, therefore, contributing to narrowing the notable gap between this relationship. Besides, our study provides several implications for governments and policymakers to promote the intention to start a business. The finding of our study indicates that subjective norms are an important factor in promoting entrepreneurial intention. Therefore, policymakers should take some actions to promote entrepreneurial culture, such as strengthening propaganda activities to promote the image of successful entrepreneurs, praising businesses and entrepreneurs who contribute to society, and giving evidence of their contribution to the development of the country. Promoting an entrepreneurial culture may increase peer group pressure on potential entrepreneurs, thus enhancing the intention to start a business. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: This study expects to contribute to a better understanding of the effect mechanism of subjective norms on entrepreneurial intention and explain the role of entrepreneurial education in this relationship. This study explores the mediating role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial attitude in the relationship between subjective norms and the intention to start a business. Additionally, this study demonstrates that entrepreneurial education weakens the serial mediation model of subjective norms on the intention to start a business. (original abstract)

CEL: Niniejsze badanie ma na celu wyjaśnienie mechanizmu wpływu norm subiektywnych na intencje przedsiębiorcy. Wyniki dotyczące tego, jak subiektywne normy przyczyniają się do kształtowania intencji start-upu, są niespójne i niejasne, co można zauważyć we wcześniejszych badaniach. Integrując teorię planowanych zachowań i teorię własnej skuteczności, badamy, czy przedsiębiorcze poczucie własnej skuteczności i stosunek do przedsiębiorczości seryjnie pośredniczą w związku między subiektywnymi normami a zamiarem założenia firmy. Ponadto niniejsze badanie analizuje umiarkowaną rolę edukacji w zakresie przedsiębiorczości w szeregowym pośrednim wpływie subiektywnych norm na intencje przedsiębiorcze poprzez poczucie własnej skuteczności i nastawienie do przedsiębiorczości. METODYKA: W badaniu tym wykorzystano próbę 958 studentów studiów magisterskich w Wietnamie w celu zbadania moderowanego modelu mediacji szeregowej subiektywnych norm dotyczących intencji przedsiębiorczych. W celu sprawdzenia rzetelności i trafności skal przeprowadzono konfirmacyjną analizę czynnikową (CFA). Następnie do przetestowania modelu badawczego wykorzystano makro SPSS PROCESS opracowany przez Hayesa. Konkretnie, Model 6 został wykorzystany do zbadania seryjnego pośredniego wpływu subiektywnych norm na intencje założenia firmy, a Model 84 został wdrożony do zbadania umiarkowanego wpływu edukacji w zakresie przedsiębiorczości. WYNIKI: Wyniki tego badania wykazały, że poczucie własnej skuteczności i postawa przedsiębiorcza znacząco pośredniczą w wpływie norm subiektywnych na intencje przedsiębiorcze. W szczególności wyniki ujawniają, że seryjny efekt mediacji poczucia własnej skuteczności i postawy przedsiębiorczości był znaczący, a poczucie własnej skuteczności i postawy przedsiębiorczości odgrywało rolę w pełni pośredniczącą w relacji między normami subiektywnymi a intencjami start-upu. Ponadto badanie to wykazało, że efekt seryjnej mediacji subiektywnych norm na intencje rozpoczęcia działalności poprzez poczucie własnej skuteczności i postawę przedsiębiorczą był negatywnie moderowany przez edukację w zakresie przedsiębiorczości. IMPLIKACJE: Wyniki tego badania dodatkowo wyjaśniają związek między subiektywnymi normami a intencjami przedsiębiorczymi oraz rolą edukacji w zakresie przedsiębiorczości, przyczyniając się w ten sposób do zmniejszenia zauważalnej luki między tym związkiem. Poza tym nasze badanie dostarcza kilku implikacji dla rządów i decydentów politycznych, aby promować zamiar założenia firmy. Wyniki naszego badania wskazują, że subiektywne normy są ważnym czynnikiem w promowaniu intencji przedsiębiorczych. Dlatego decydenci powinni podjąć pewne działania promujące kulturę przedsiębiorczości, takie jak wzmocnienie działań propagandowych w celu promowania wizerunku odnoszących sukcesy przedsiębiorców, chwalenie firm i przedsiębiorców, którzy wnoszą wkład w społeczeństwo oraz dawanie dowodów ich wkładu w rozwój kraju. Promowanie kultury przedsiębiorczości może zwiększyć presję grupy rówieśniczej na potencjalnych przedsiębiorców, wzmacniając w ten sposób zamiar założenia firmy. ORYGINALNOŚĆ I WARTOŚĆ: Niniejsze badanie ma przyczynić się do lepszego zrozumienia mechanizmu wpływu norm subiektywnych na intencje przedsiębiorcze i wyjaśnić rolę edukacji w zakresie przedsiębiorczości w tym związku. Niniejsze badanie bada mediacyjną rolę poczucia własnej skuteczności i postawy przedsiębiorczej w związku między normami subiektywnymi a zamiarem założenia firmy. Ponadto badanie pokazuje, że edukacja w zakresie przedsiębiorczości osłabia model seryjnej mediacji subiektywnych norm dotyczących zamiaru założenia firmy. (abstrakt oryginalny)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Self-efficacy; Entrepreneurship; Entrepreneurship education; Entrepreneurial education; Creativity

PL

Poczucie własnej skuteczności; Przedsiębiorczość; Edukacja w zakresie przedsiębiorczości; Edukacja przedsiębiorcza; Kreatywność

• Czasopismo: Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation (JEMI)
• Rocznik: 2023
• Tom: 19
• Numer: nr 1 Current Trends in Entrepreneurship: Entrepreneurial Orientation, Intention, and Alertness
• Strony: 113--140

Twórcy

autor

Van Hieu Pham

• Hanoi University of Business and Technology, Vietnam

autor

Thi Kim Chi Nguyen

• Hanoi University of Business and Technology, Vietnam

autor

Thi Bich Lien Nguyen

• Vinh University, Vietnam

autor

Thi Thanh Thuy Tran

• Vinh University, Vietnam

autor

Thi Viet Nga Nguyen

• Academy Of Finance, Vietnam

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Identyfikatory

DOI

https://doi.org/10.7341/20231914