Environmental Quality, Infant Morality, and Economic Growth in Selected Sub-Saharan African Countries

• Autorzy: Busayo Aderounmu , Adedoyin Awofiranye , Olubusayo Emmanuel Oni

Warianty tytułu

Jakość środowiska, śmiertelność niemowląt i wzrost gospodarczy w wybranych krajach Afryki Subsaharyjskiej

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Beyond the usual macroeconomic stability, which is a necessity for economic growth, more focus should be placed on the effects that environmental quality has on infant mortality in sub Saharan Africa. Africa has always had the highest rate of infant mortality and the poorest environmental quality in the world. High infant mortality shows that there are unmet human needs and unen-forced policies to protect the environment. Therefore, this research examines the impact of en-vironmental quality on infant mortality and how environmental quality and infant mortality also affect economic growth using 15 selected sub Saharan African countries for a period of 10 years (2010-2019). The study employed fixed and random effects methods of estimation. The results showed that environmental quality has a significant negative (51.53%) impact on infant mortality and that economic growth also has a negative (45.58%) impact on infant mortality. The study recommends that governments should increase expenditure on health, with more focus on fi-nancing infant healthcare, because it also affects economic growth. (original abstract)

Obok zwykłej stabilności makroekonomicznej, która jest niezbędna dla wzrostu gospodarczego, elementem, na który należy zwrócić większą uwagę, jest wpływ jakości środowiska na śmiertelność niemowląt w Afryce Subsaharyjskiej. Afryka zawsze miała najwyższy wskaźnik śmiertelności niemowląt i najniższą jakość środowiska na świecie. Wysoka śmiertelność niemowląt pokazuje, że istnieją niezaspokojone potrzeby ludzkie i nieegzekwowana jest polityka ochrony środowiska. W związku z tym w niniejszym badaniu przeanalizowano wpływ jakości środowiska na śmiertelność niemowląt oraz wpływ jakości środowiska i śmiertelności niemowląt na wzrost gospodarczy na podstawie danych dla 15 wybranych krajów Afryki Subsaharyjskiej z okresu 10 lat (2010-2019). W badaniu zastosowano metody estymacji: efektów stałych i efektów losowych. Wyniki badania wykazały, że jakość środowiska ma znaczący negatywny wpływ (51,53%) na śmiertelność niemowląt. Wzrost gospodarczy ma również negatywny wpływ (45,58%) na śmiertelność niemowląt. Z opracowania wynika zalecenie, aby rządy zwiększyły wydatki na ochronę zdrowia, z większym naciskiem na finansowanie opieki zdrowotnej dla niemowląt, ponieważ wpływa to również na wzrost gospodarczy. (abstrakt oryginalny)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Economic growth; Human in environmental; Infant mortality

PL

Wzrost gospodarczy; Człowiek w środowisku; Umieralność niemowląt

• Czasopismo: Comparative Economic Research
• Rocznik: 2023
• Tom: 26
• Numer: nr 2
• Strony: 149--162

Twórcy

autor

Busayo Aderounmu

• Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria

autor

Adedoyin Awofiranye

• Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria

autor

Olubusayo Emmanuel Oni

• University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria

Bibliografia

• Adeleye, B.N., Olohunlana, A.O., Ibukun, C.O., Soremi, T., Suleiman, B. (2022), Mortality rate, carbon emissions, renewable energy and per capita income nexus in Sub Saharan Africa, "PLoS ONE", 17 (9), e0274447. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274447
• Aguilera, I., Pedersen, M., Garcia Esteban, R., Ballester, F., Basterrechea, M., Esplugues, A., Fernández Somoano, A., Lertxundi, A., Tardón, A., Sunyer, J. (2013), Early Life Exposure to Outdoor Air Pollution and respiratory Health, Ear Infections, and Eczema in Infants from the INMA Study, "Environmental Health Perspectives", 121 (3), pp. 387-392, https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1205281
• Aigbokhaode, A.Q., Isara, A.R. (2021), Household Air Pollution and Respiratory Symptoms of Women and Children in a Suburban Community in Nigeria, "Thoracic Research and Practice", 22 (6), pp. 466-472, https://doi.org/10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2021.21013
• Alege, P.O., Ogundipe, A.A. (2013), Environmental quality and economic growth in Nigeria: A fractional cointegration analysis, "International Journal of Development and Sustainability", 2 (2), pp. 580-596, https://isdsnet.com/ijds-v2n2-10.pdf (accessed: 5.03.2022).
• Alege, P.O., Adediran, O.S., Ogundipe, A.A. (2016), Pollutant emissions, energy consumption and economic growth in Nigeria, "International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy", 6 (2), pp. 202-207.
• Andriano, L., Monden, C.W. (2017), Climate change and child mortality in sub Saharan Africa: can maternal education and community factors moderate this effect?, [in:] Giornate di Studio sulla Popolazione 2017, https://paa.confex.com/paa/2017/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/14392 (accessed: 5.03.2022).
• Anwar, A., Ayub, M., Khan, N., Flahault, A. (2019), Nexus between Air Pollution and Neonatal Deaths: A Case of Asian Countries, "International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health", 16 (21), 4148, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16214148
• Banister, J., Zhang, X. (2005), China, Economic Development, and Mortality Decline, "World Development", 33 (1), pp. 21-41, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2004.09.003
• Bourzac, K. (2019), Air pollution kills 780,000 people in Africa each year. Modeling study from NASA suggests Saharan dust storms account for much of the burden, "Chemical and Engineering News", 97 (17), https://cen.acs.org/environment/pollution/Air-pollution-kills-780000-people/97/i17 (accessed: 12.06.2022).
• Frey, R.S., Cui, W. (2017), Infant mortality in the world system, "Journal of Globalization Studies", 7 (1), pp. 284-292, https://www.sociostudies.org/journal/articles/450869/ (accessed: 5.03.2022).
• Gilliland, F.D., Li, Y. F., Dubeau, L., Berhane, K., Avol, E., McConnell, R., Gauderman, W.J., Peters, J.M. (2002), Effects of GlutathioneS Transferase M1, Maternal Smoking during Pregnancy, and Environmental Tobacco Smoke on Asthma and Wheezing in Children, "American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine", 166 (4), pp. 457-463, https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.2112064
• Mutizwa, A., Makochekanwa, A. (2015), Impact of environmental quality on health status: A study of 12 southern African development community (SADC) countries between 2000 and 2008, "Botswana Journal of Economics", 13 (1), pp. 87-111.
• Osabohien, R., Ayomitunde, A.T., Bose, A.D., Bose, J.L. (2021), Carbon Emissions and Life Expectancy in Nigeria, "International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy", 11 (1), pp. 497-501, https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.10834
• Patel, A.P., Jagai, J.S., Messer, L.C., Gray, C.L., Rappazzo, K.M., Deflorio Barker, S.A., Lobdell, D.T. (2018), Associations between environmental quality and infant mortality in the United States, 2000-2005, "Archives of Public Health", 76 (1), pp. 1-11, https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-018-0306-0
• Pullabhotla, H. (2018), Fires, Wind, and Smoke: Air Pollution and Infant Mortality, https://www.aeaweb.org/conference/2019/preliminary/paper/knhnZk62 (accessed: 12.06.2022).
• Quy Toan, D., Joshi, S., Stolper, S. (2016), Can environmental policy reduce infant mortality? Evidence from the Ganga Pollution Cases, "Journal of Development Economics", 133 (C), pp. 306-325, https://econpapers.repec.org/article/eeedeveco/v_3a133_3ay_3a2018_3ai_3ac_3ap_3a306-325.htm (accessed: 25.03.2021).
• Rahman, M.M., Alam, K., Khanam, R. (2022), Socio economic factors affecting high infant and child mortality rates in selected African countries: does globalisation play any role?, "Global Health", 18 (69), https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-022-00855 z
• Salthammer, T., Uhde, E., Schripp, T., Schieweck, A., Morawska, L., Mazaheri, M., Clifford, S., He, C., Buonanno, G., Querol, X., Viana, M., Kumar, P. (2016), Children's well being at schools: Impact of climatic conditions and air pollution, "Environment International", 94, pp. 196-210, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2016.05.009
• Singh, P., Dey, S., Chowdhury, S., Bali, K. (2019), Early life exposure to outdoor air pollution: Effect on child health in India, https://www.brookings.edu/articles/early-life-exposure-to-outdoor-air-pollution-effect-on-child-health-in-india/ (accessed: 5.03.2022).
• Statista (2020), Population in Africa by country, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1121246/population-in-africa-by-country (accessed: 5.03.2022).
• UNICEF (2020), Levels and Trends in Child Mortality, https://www.unicef.org/media/79371/file/UN IGME child mortality report-2020.pdf.pdf (accessed: 12.06.2022).
• United Nations (2020), Inequality in a Rapid Changing world. World Social Report, https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3847753/files/World Social Report-2020.pdf (accessed: 5.03.2022).
• Urhie, E., Afolabi, A., Afolabi, A., Matthew, O., Osabohien, R., Ewetan, O. (2020), Economic growth, air pollution and health outcomes in Nigeria: A moderated mediation model, "Cogent Social Sciences", 6 (1), 1719570, https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2020.1719570
• World Development Indicators (WDI), World Bank (2019), World Development Indicators, https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators (accessed: 14.08.2022).
• World Development Indicators (WDI), World Bank (2020), World Development Indicators, https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators (accessed: 14.08.2022).
• World Health Organization (2015), Climate and health country profile 2015: Nigeria (No. WHO World Health Organization. (2018). Air pollution and child health: prescribing clean air: summary (No. WHO/CED/PHE/18.01). World Health Organization. /FWC/PHE/EPE/15.11), https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/275545 (accessed: 12.06.2021).

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.18778/1508-2008.26.17