Health Professionals Wanted: The Case of Health Professionals from Western Balkan Countries to Europe

• Autorzy: Mara Isilda
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The Western Balkan countries have been faced with a rising outward mobility of health professionals, driven by the increasing demand for this category of worker, especially in European countries. Labour-market imbalances are pushing many health professionals to leave the Western Balkan region. As a consequence, shortages of health professionals are looming and access to health services in the region is put under strain. The purpose of this study is to shed light on the recent pattern of mobility of health professionals from Western Balkan (WB) countries. A gravity model is implemented to analyse the push-and-pull factors of mobility during 2000-2019 and towards European countries. The analysis finds that income differentials between WB and European countries are strong pull factors. Additionally, policy changes in the destination countries shape the mobility patterns and several European countries, especially Germany, have benefited from the mobility of health professionals from WB countries.(original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Health service; Occupational mobility

PL

Służba zdrowia; Mobilność zawodowa

• Czasopismo: Central and Eastern European Migration Review
• Rocznik: 2023
• Tom: 12
• Numer: nr 2
• Strony: 33--52

Twórcy

autor

Mara Isilda

• Vienna Institute of International Economics, Austria

Bibliografia

• Adovor E., Czaika M., Docquier F., Moullan Y. (2020). Medical Brain Drain: How Many, Where and Why? Journal of Health Economics 76: 102409.
• Beine M., Bertoli S., Fernández-Huertas Moraga J. (2016). A Practitioners' Guide to Gravity Models of International Migration. World Economy 39(4): 496-512.
• Botezat A., Ramos R. (2020). Physicians' Brain Drain: A Gravity Model of Migration Flows. Globalization and Health 16(1): 7.
• Brücker H., Falkenhain M., Fendel T., Promberger M., Raab M., Trübswetter P., Blažević L., Trmkoli M. (2020). Evaluierung der Westbalkanregelung: Registerdatenanalyse und Betriebsfallstudien: Abschlussbericht. Berlin: Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales.
• Buchan J., Campbell J., Dhillon I., Charlesworth A. (2019). Labour Market Change and the International Mobility of Health Workers. London: The Health Foundation Working Paper No. 5.
• CEDEFOP (2018). Skills Panorama. Thermi: European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training.
• Davda L.S., Gallagher J.E., Radford D.R. (2018). Migration Motives and Integration of International Human Resources of Health in the United Kingdom: Systematic Review and Meta-Synthesis of Qualitative Studies Using Framework Analysis. Human Resources for Health 16(1): 1-13.
• European Commission (2017). A Comparison of Shortage and Surplus Occupations Based on Analyses of Data from the European Public Employment Services and Labour Force Surveys, Bottleneck Occupations 2016. Brussels: European Commission, Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion.
• ETF (2022). 'Use It, or Lose It'. How Do Migration, Human Capital and the Labour Market Interact in the Western Balkans? Turin: European Training Foundation.
• Glinos I. (2015). Health Professional Mobility in the European Union: Exploring the Equity and Efficiency of Free Movement. Health Policy 119(12): 1529-1536.
• Grignon M., Owusu Y., Sweetman A. (2013). The International Migration of Health Professionals, in: A.F. Constant, K.F. Zimmermann (eds), International Handbook on the Economics of Migration, pp. 75-97. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
• Hoechle D. (2007). Robust Standard Errors for Panel Regressions with Cross-Sectional Dependence. The Stata Journal 7(3): 281-312.
• Kroezen M., Dussault G., Craveiro I., Dieleman M., Jansen C., Buchan J., Barriball L., Rafferty A.M., Bremner J., Sermeus W. (2015). Recruitment and Retention of Health Professionals across Europe: A Literature Review and Multiple Case Study Research. Health Policy 119(12): 1517-1528.
• Landesmann M., Mara I., Vidovic H. (2015). SEE 2020 Strategy: Study on Labour Mobility. Vienna: Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, wiiw Research Report No. 408.
• Liu J.X., Goryakin Y., Maeda A., Bruckner T., Scheffler R. (2017). Global Health Workforce Labor Market Projections for 2030. Human Resourses for Health 15(11): 1-12.
• Maeda A., Socha-Dietrich K. (2021). Skills for the Future Health Workforce: Preparing Health Professionals for People-Centred Care. Paris: OECD Health Working Paper No. 124.
• Mara I. (2019). Doctors on the Move: Mobility Patterns in the EU. Vienna: Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, wiiw Monthly Report No. 7-8.
• Mara I. (2020). Health Professionals Wanted: Chain Mobility across European Countries. Vienna: Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, wiiw Research Report No. 445.
• Mullan F. (2005). The Metrics of the Physician Brain Drain. New England Journal of Medecine 353(17): 1810-1818.
• OECD (2015). International Migration Outlook 2015. Paris: Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development.
• OECD (2019a). OECD Health Statistics 2019 Online Database. Paris: Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development.
• OECD (2019b). Recent Trends in International Migration of Doctors, Nurses and Medical Students. Paris: Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development.
• Ognyanova D., Maier C.B., Wismar M., Girasek E., Busse R. (2012). Mobility of Health Professionals Pre and Post 2004 and 2007 EU Enlargements: Evidence from the EU Project PROMeTHEUS. Health Policy 108(2-3): 122-132.
• Santos Silva J.M.C., Tenreyro S. (2010). On the Existence of the Maximum Likelihood Estimates in Poisson Regression. Economics Letters 107(2): 310-312.
• Scarpetta S., Dumont J.C., Socha-Dietrich K. (2020). Contribution of Migrant Doctors and Nurses to Tackling the COVID-19 Crisis in OECD Countries. Paris: Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development.
• Scheffler R.M., Campbell J., Cometto G., Maeda A., Liu J., Bruckner T.A., Arnold D.R., Evans T. (2018). Forecasting Imbalances in the Global Health Labor Market and Devising Policy Responses. Human Resources for Health 16(1): 1-10.
• Schultz C., Rijks B. (2014). Mobility of Health Professionals to, from and within the European Union. New York: United Nations, IOM Migration Research Series No. 48.
• Schmitz-Pranghe C., Oruč N., Mielke K., Ibričević A. (2020). Making Sure that the Emigration of Healthcare Personnel from Albania and BiH Works for All: What Germany Can Do. Bonn: Bonn International Centre for Conflict Studies, BICC Policy Brief 8.
• Tjadens F., Weilandt C., Eckert J. (2012). Mobility of Health Professionals: Health Systems, Work Conditions, Patterns of Health Workers' Mobility and Implications for Policy Makers. Berlin and Heidelberg: Springer Science & Business Media.
• Williams G.A., Jacob G., Rakovac I., Scotter C., Wismar M. (2020). Health Professional Mobility in the WHO European Region and the WHO Global Code of Practice: Data from the Joint OECD/EUROSTAT/WHO-Europe Questionnaire. European Journal of Public Health 30(Supplement 4): iv5-iv11.
• Wismar M., Maier C.B., Glinos I.A., Bremner J., Dussault G., Figueras J. (2011). Health Professional Mobility and Health Systems in Europe: An Introduction. Brussels: European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies.
• WHO (2022). Seventy-Fifth World Health Assembly Provisional Agenda Item 15 (A75/12): Human Resources for Health: Working for Health: Draft - 2030 Action Plan. Report by the Director-General. https://www.who.int/news/item/02-06-2022-from-resolution-to-action-high-... (accessed 5 December 2023).
• World Bank Group, Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies (2018). Western Balkans Labor Market Trends 2018. https://wiiw.ac.at/western-balkans-labor-market-trends-2018-dlp-5169.pdf (accessed 6 December 2023).

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.54667/ceemr.2023.24