Job Insecurity and Job Performance as the Key Research Issues of the Modern Labor Market

• Autorzy: Joanna Wyrwa , Anna Łoś-Tomiak
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

This paper focuses on analyzing the contemporary labor market, particularly examining the concept of "insecurity" related to em-ployment and job retention. Despite the increasing research on job insecurity and its impact on employee performance, findings remain mixed and inconclusive. The objectives are to explore job insecurity conceptualizations and theoretical perspectives ex-plaining its relationship with job performance. The main questions include whether a meaningful relationship exists between job in-security and job performance as identified in literature, and the expected impact of job insecurity on performance. A systematic literature review methodology was used, involving a review and analysis of literature on job insecurity and its relation to various dimensions of employee performance. Two databases, Web of Science and Scopus, were utilized, including papers published be-fore June 2023. This review contributes to the systematization of current empirical evidence in this research area, which is crucial for understanding the consequences of job insecurity on perfor-mance. This understanding is vital for organizations and policy-makers, considering the different conceptualizations of job inse-curity and their impact on employee performance.(original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Labour efficiency; Uncertainty; Labour market; Labour

PL

Wydajność pracy; Niepewność; Rynek pracy; Praca

• Czasopismo: Research Papers in Economics and Finance
• Rocznik: 2023
• Tom: 7
• Numer: nr 2
• Strony: 94--115

Twórcy

autor

Joanna Wyrwa

• University of Zielona Góra

autor

Anna Łoś-Tomiak

• University of Zielona Góra

Bibliografia

• Adekiya, A. (2023). Perceived job insecurity and task performance: What aspect of per-formance is related to which facet of job insecurity. Current Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-04408-4.
• Ashford, S. J., Lee, C., & Bobko, P. (1989). Content, causes and consequences of job insecu-rity: A theory-based measure and substantive test. Academy of Management Journal, 32(4), 803-829. https://doi.org/10.2307/256569.
• Awosusi, O. O., & Fasanmi, S. S. (2014). Who's next for the Axe? Procedural justice and job insecurity among bankers in Nigeria. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 114, 403-409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.720.
• Boswell, W. R., Olson-Buchanan, J. B., & Harris, T. B. (2014). I cannot afford to have a life: Employee adaptation to feelings of job insecurity. Personnel Psychology, 67(4), 887-915. https://doi.org/10.1111/peps.12061.
• Brockner, J., Greenberg, J., Brockner, A., Bortz, J., Davy, J., & Carter, C. (1986). Layoffs, eq-uity theory, and work performance: Further evidence of the impact of survivor guilt. Academy of Management Journal, 29(2), 373-384. https://doi.org/10.2307/256193.
• Brockner, J., Grover, S., Reed, T. F., & Dewitt, R. L. (1992). Layoffs, job insecurity, and sur-vivors' work effort: Evidence of an inverted-U relationship. Academy of Management Journal, 35(2), 413-425. https://doi.org/10.2307/256380.
• Burchell, B. (2011). A temporal comparison of the effects of unemployment and job insecu-rity on wellbeing. Sociological Research Online, 16(1), 66-78. https://doi.org/10.5153/sro.2277.
• Cheng, G. H.-L., & Chan, D. K.-S. (2008). Who suffers more from job insecurity? A meta-analytic review. Applied Psychology: An international Review, 57(2), 272-303, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2007.00312.x.
• Chirkowska-Smolak, T. (2015). Konsekwencje stresu wynikającego z braku bezpieczeństwa zatrudnienia i sposoby radzenia sobie z nim. Bezpieczeństwo Pracy, 10, 8-11.
• Chirkowska-Smolak, T., & Czumak, M. (2021). Ryzyko braku relacji zawodowych. Konstrukcja skali niepewności zatrudnienia w sytuacji pandemii. Człowiek i Społeczeństwo, 51, 145-164. https://doi.org/10.14746/cis.2021.51.8.
• Chirumbolo, A., Callea, A., & Urbini, F. (2020). Job insecurity and performance in public and private sectors: A moderated mediation model. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 7(2), 237-253. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOEPP-02-2020-0021.
• Chojnacki, P. (2015a). Niepewność zatrudnienia i jej skutki - wybrane ujęcia teoretyczne. In: A. Rogozińska-Pawełczyk (Ed.), Gospodarowanie kapitałem ludzkim. Wyzwania orga-nizacyjne i prawne (pp. 33-46). Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/7969-890-5.03.
• Chojnacki, P. (2015b). Niepewność zatrudnienia - czy jest się czego obawiać? Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Łódzkiej. Organizacja i Zarządzanie, 61(1202), 49-62.
• Choonara, J. (2020). The evolution of generalised and acute job tenure insecurity. Work, Employment and Society, 34(4), 713-725. https://doi.org/10.1177/0950017019855236.
• Davy, J. A., Kinicki, A. J., & Scheck, C. L. (1997). A test of job security's direct and mediated effects on withdrawal cognitions. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 18(4), 323-349. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3100180.
• De Cuyper, N., Bernhard-Oettel, C., Berntson, E., De Witte, H., & Alarco, B. (2008). Employability and employees' well-being: Mediation by job insecurity. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 57(3), 488-509. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2008.00332.x.
• De Cuyper, N., Mäkikangas, A., Kinnunen, U., Mauno, S., & De Witte, H. (2012). Cross-lagged associations between perceived external employability, job insecurity, and exhaustion: Testing gain and loss spirals according to the Conservation of Resources Theory. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33(6), 770-788. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.1800.
• De Cuyper, N., Schreurs, B., De Witte, H., & Selenko, E. (2020). Impact of job insecurity on job performance introduction. Career Development International, 25(3), 221-228. https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-06-2020-332.
• De Cuyper, N., Schreurs, B., Vander Elst, T., Baillien, E., & De Witte, H. (2014). Exemplification and perceived job insecurity. Associations with self-rated performance and emotional exhaustion. Journal of Personnel Psychology, 13(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1027/1866-5888/a000099.
• De Witte, H. (1999). Job insecurity and psychological well-being: Review of the literature and exploration of some unresolved issues. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 8(2), 155-177. https://doi.org/10.1080/135943299398302.
• De Witte, H. (2005). Job insecurity: Review of the international literature on defini-tions, prevalence, antecedents and consequences. South African Journal of Industrial Psychology, 31(4), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v31i4.200.
• Debus, M., König, C. J., & Kleinmann, M. (2014). The building blocks of job insecurity: The impact of environmental and person-related variables on job insecurity perceptions. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 87(2), 329-351. https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12049.
• Debus, M. E., Greulich, B., König, C. J., & Kleinmann, M. (2019). Insecure about how to rate your job insecurity? A two-study investigation into time frames applied to job in-security measures. Occupational Health Science, 3, 421-435. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41542-019-00049-x.
• Debus, M. E., Probst, T. M., König, C. J., & Kleinmann, M. (2012). Catch me if I fall! Enacted uncertainty avoidance and the social safety net as country-level moderators in the job insecurity-job attitudes link. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97(3), 690-698. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0027832.
• Debus, M. E., Unger, D., & König, C. J. (2020). Job insecurity and performance over time: the critical role of job insecurity duration, Career Development International, 25(3), 325-336. https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-04-2018-0102.
• Ellonen, N., & Nätti, J. (2015). Job insecurity and the unemployment rate: Micro- and macro-level predictors of perceived job insecurity among Finnish employ-ees 1984-2008. Economic and Industrial Democracy, 36(1), 51-71. https://doi.org/10.1177/0143831X13495720.
• Franken, A., Edwards, C., & Lambert, R. (2009). Executing strategic change: Understanding the critical management elements that lead to success. California Management Review, 51(3), 49-73.https://doi.org/10.2307/41166493.
• Gilboa, S., Shirom, A., Fried, Y., & Cooper, C. (2008). A meta-analysis of work demand stress-ors and job performance: Examining main and moderating effects. Personnel Psychology, 61(2), 227-271. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2008.00113.x.
• Greenhalgh, L., & Rosenblatt, Z. (1984). Job insecurity: Toward conceptual clarity. Academy of Management Review, 9(3), 438-448. https://doi.org/10.2307/258284.
• Greenhalgh, L., & Rosenblatt, Z. (2010). Evolution of research on job insecurity. International Studies of Management & Organization, 40(1), 6-19. https://doi.org/10.2753/IMO0020-8825400101.
• Hartley, J., Jacobson, D., Klandermans, B., & Van Vuuren, T. (1991). Job insecurity: Coping with jobs at risk. Sage Publications.
• Hellgren, J., Sverke, M., & Isaksson, K. (1999). A two-dimensional approach to job insecurity: Consequences for employee attitudes and well-being. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 8(2), 179-195. https://doi.org/10.1080/135943299398311.
• Heaney, C. A., Israel, B. A., & House, J. S. (1994). Chronic job insecurity among automo-bile workers: Effects on job satisfaction and health. Social Science & Medicine, 38(10), 1431-1437. https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(94)90281-X.
• Hobfoll, S. E. (1989). Conservation of resources: A new attempt at conceptualizing stress. American Psychologist, 44(3), 513-524. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.44.3.513.
• Hobfoll, S. E. (2001). The influence of culture, community, and the nested-self in the stress process: Advancing conservation of resources theory. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 50(3), 337-370.https://doi.org/10.1111/1464-0597.00062.
• Hsieh, H.-H., & Kao, K.-Y. (2022). Beyond individual job insecurity: A multilevel examination of job insecurity climate on work engagement and job satisfaction. Stress and Health, 38(1), 119-129. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.3082.
• Huang, G. H., Zhao, H. H., Niu, X. Y., Ashford, S. J., & Lee, C. (2013). Reducing job insecurity and increasing performance ratings: Does impression management matter? Journal of Applied Psychology, 98(5), 852-862. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033151.
• Jacobson, D., & Hartley, J. (1991). Mapping the context. In: J. Hartley, D. Jacobson, B. Klandermans, & T. Van Vuuren (Eds.), Job insecurity: Coping with jobs at risk (pp. 1-22). Sage.
• Jiang, L., & Lavaysse, L. M. (2018). Cognitive and affective job insecurity: A meta-anal-ysis and a primary study. Journal of Management,44(6), 2307-2342. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206318773853.
• Jiang, L., Hu, S., Näswall, K., López Bohle, S., & Wang, H-J. (2020). Why and when cog-nitive job insecurity relates to affective job insecurity? A three-study exploration of negative rumination and the tendency to negative gossip. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 29(5), 678-692. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2020.175866.
• Jordan, P. J., Ashkanasy, N. M., & Hartel, C. E. (2002). Emotional intelligence as a modera-tor of emotional and behavioral reactions to job insecurity. Academy of Management Review, 27(3), 361-372. https://doi.org/10.2307/4134384.
• Keim, A. C., Landis, R. S., Pierce, C. A., & Earnest, D. R. (2014). Why do employees wor-ry about their jobs? A meta-analytic review of predictors of job insecurity. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 19(3), 269-290. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0036743.
• Kiersztyn, A. (2020). Niepewność zatrudnienia młodych dorosłych: analiza sekwencji karier zawodowych. Studia BAS, 2(62), 73-90. https://doi.org/10.31268/StudiaBAS.2020.14.
• Klandermans, B., Hesselink, J. K., & van Vuuren, T. (2010). Employment status and job in-security: On the subjective appraisal of an objective status. Economic and Industrial Democracy, 31(4), 557-577. https://doi.org/10.1177/0143831X09358362.
• Koen, J., Low, J. T. H., & Van Vianen, A. (2020). Job preservation efforts: When does job insecurity prompt performance? Career Development International, 25(3), 287-305. https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-04-2018-0099.
• Lazarus, R., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. Springer.
• Loi, R., Ngo, H. Y., Zhang, L. Q., & Lau, V. P. (2011). The interaction between leader-mem-ber exchange and perceived job security in predicting employee altruism and work performance. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 84(4), 669-685. https://doi.org/10.1348/096317910X510468.
• Ma, Q., Chen, M., Tang, N., & Yan, J. (2023). The double-edged sword of job insecurity: When and why job insecurity promotes versus inhibits supervisor-rated performance. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 140, 103823. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2022.103823.
• Mao, H-Y., & Hsieh, A-T. (2013). Perceived job insecurity and workplace friendship. European Journal of International Management, 7(6), 646-670. https://doi.org/10.1504/EJIM.2013.057113.
• Manski, C. F., & Straub, J. D. (2000). worker perceptions of job insecurity in the mid-1990s: Evidence from the survey of economic expectations. The Journal of Human Resources, 35(3), 447-479. https://doi.org/10.2307/146388.
• Muñoz Medina, F., López Bohle, S. A., Beurden, J. V., Chambel, M. J., & Ugarte, S. M. (2023). The relationship between job insecurity and employee performance: A systematic lit-erature review and research agenda, Career Development International, 28(6/7), 589-632. https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-06-2022-0164.
• Nikolova, I., Stynen, D., Van Coillie, H., & De Witte, H. (2022). Job insecurity and employ-ee performance: Examining different types of performance, rating sources and levels. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 31(5), 713-726. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2021.2023499.
• Pap, Z., Vîrgă, D., Notelaers, G., & Maricuțoiu, L. (2020). A multilevel model of job inse-curity and engagement. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 35(7/8), 529-541. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-02-2020-0089.
• Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J.-Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common metod bi-ases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended rem-edies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879-903. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879.
• Probst, T. M. (2002). Layoffs and tradeoffs: Production, quality, and safety demands un-der the threat of job loss. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 7(3), 211-220. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.7.3.211.
• Probst, T. M. (2003). Development and validation of the Job Security Index and the Job Security Satisfaction scale: A classical test theory and IRT approach. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 76(4), 451-467. https://doi.org/10.1348/096317903322591587.
• Probst, T. M., Gailey, N. J., Jiang, L., & Bohle, S. L. (2017). Psychological capital: Buffering the longitudinal curvilinear effects of job insecurity on performance. Safety Science, 100(A), 74-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2017.02.002.
• Probst, T. M., Jiang, L., & Benson, W. (2014). Job insecurity and anticipated job loss: a prim-er and exploration of possible interventions. In: U.-Ch. Klehe, & E. A. J. van Hooft (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Job Loss and Job Search (pp. 31-54). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199764921.013.025.
• Probst, T. M., Jiang, L., & Bohle, S. A. L. (2020). Job insecurity and impression management Which is the horse and which is the cart when it comes to job performance? Career Development International, 25(3), 306-324. https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-04-2018-0119.
• Probst, T. M., Stewart, S. M., Gruys, M. L., & Tierney, B. W. (2007). Productivity, counterpro-ductivity and creativity: The ups and downs of job insecurity. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 80(3), 479-497. https://doi.org/10.1348/096317906X159103.
• Qian, S., Yuan, Q., Niu, W., & Liu, Z. (2022). Is job insecurity always bad? The moder-ating role of job embeddedness in the relationship between job insecurity and job performance. Journal of Management & Organization, 28(5), 956-972. https://doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2018.77.
• Richter, A, Vander Elst, T., & De Witte, H. (2020). Job insecurity and subsequent actual turnover: Rumination as a valid explanation? Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 712. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00712.
• Richter, A., & Näswall, K. (2019). Job insecurity and trust: Uncovering a mechanism link-ing job insecurity to well-being. Work & Stress, 33(1), 22-40. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2018.1461709.
• Richter, A., Näswall, K., Bernhard-Oettel, C., & Sverke, M. (2014). Job insecurity and well-being: The moderating role of job dependence. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 23(6), 816-829. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2013.805881.
• Rosen, C. C., Chang, C. H., Djurdjevic, E., & Eatough, E. (2010). Occupational stressors and job performance: An updated review and recommendations. In: P. L. Perrewé, & D. C. Ganster (Eds.), New developments in theoretical and conceptual approaches to job stress (Research in occupational stress and well-being, vol. 8) (pp. 1-60). https://doi.org/10.1108/S1479-3555(2010)0000008004.
• Rosenblatt, Z., & Ruvio, A. (1996). A test of a multidimensional model of job insecurity: The case of Israeli teachers. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 17(S1), 587-605. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1379(199612)17:1+<587::AID-JOB825>3.0.CO;2-S.
• Roskies, E., & Louis-Guerin, C. (1990). Job insecurity in managers: Antecedents and con-sequences. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 11(5), 345-359. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2488159.
• Salas-Nicás, S., Navarro, A., Llorens, C., & Moncada, S. (2020). A comparison between cog-nitive and affective job insecurities. Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health, 75(6), 317-320. https://doi.org/10.1080/19338244.2019.1620160.
• Schreurs, B. H. J., Van Emmerik, H., Günter, H., & Germeys, F. (2012). A weekly diary study on the buffering role of social support in the relationship between job insecurity and employee performance. Human Resource Management, 51(2), 259-280. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.21465.
• Selenko, E., Mäkikangas, A., Mauno, S., & Kinnunen, U. (2013). How does job insecurity relate to self-reported job performance? Analysing curvilinear associations in a longitu-dinal sample. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 86(4), 522-542. https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12020.
• Shoss, M. K. (2017). Job insecurity: An integrative review and agenda for future research. Journal of Management, 43(6), 1911-1939. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206317691574.
• Shoss, M. K., & Vancouver, J. B. (2023). A dynamic, computational model of job insecu-rity and job performance. Journal of Applied Psychology.https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0001142.
• Staufenbiel, T., & König, C. J. (2010). A model for the effects of job insecurity on perfor-mance, turnover intention, and absenteeism. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 83(1), 101-117. https://doi.org/10.1348/096317908X401912.
• Sverke, M., & Hellgren, J. (2002). The nature of job insecurity: Understanding employment uncertainty on the brink of a new millennium. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 51(1), 23-42. https://doi.org/10.1111/1464-0597.0077z.
• Sverke, M., De Witte, H., Näswall, K., & Hellgren, J. (2010). European perspectives on job insecurity: Editorial introduction. Economic and Industrial Democracy, 31(2), 175-178. https://doi.org/10.1177/0143831X10365601.
• Sverke, M., Hellgren, J., & Näswall, K. (2002). No security: A meta-analysis and review of job insecurity and its consequences. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 7(3), 242-264. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.7.3.242.
• Sverke, M., Låstad, L., Hellgren, J., Richter, A., & Näswall, K. (2019). A meta-analysis of job insecurity and employee performance: Testing temporal aspects, rating source, wel-fare regime, and union density as moderators. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(14), 2536. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16142536.
• Symeonaki, M., Parsanoglou, D., & Stamatopoulou, G. (2019). The evolution of early job in-security in Europe. SAGE Open, 9(2), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244019845187.
• Van Vuuren, T., de Jong, J. P., & Smulders, P. G. W. (2020). The association between subjec-tive job insecurity and job performance across different employment groups: Evidence from a representative sample from the Netherlands. Career Development International, 25(3), 229-246. https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-05-2018-0155.
• Vander Elst, T., De Cuyper, N., Baillien, E., Niesen, W., & De Witte, H. (2016). perceived control and psychological contract breach as explanations of the relationships between job insecurity, job strain and coping reactions: Towards a theoretical integration. Stress and Health, 32(2), 110-116. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.2584.
• Vander Elst, T., De Cuyper, N., & De Witte, H. (2011). The role of perceived control in the relationship between job insecurity and psychosocial outcomes: Moderator or media-tor. Stress and Health, 27(3), e215-e227. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.1371.
• Vander Elst, T., De Witte, H., & De Cuyper, N. (2014). The Job Insecurity Scale: A psychometric evaluation across five European countries. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 23(3), 364-380. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2012.745989.
• Van Vuuren, C. V., & Klandermans, P. G. (1990). Individual reactions to job insecurity: An integrated model. In: P. J. D. Drenth, J. A. Sergeant, & R. J. Takens (Eds.), European per-spectives in psychology. Vol. 3. Work and organizational, social and economic, cross-cultural (pp. 133-146). Wiley.
• Wang, H.-J., Lu, C.-Q., & Siu, O.-L. (2015). Job insecurity and job performance: The moder-ating role of organizational justice and the mediating role of work engagement. Journal of Applied Psychology, 100(4), 1249-1258. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038330.
• Wyrwa, J., & Kaźmierczyk, J. (2020). Conceptualizing job satisfaction and its determi-nants: A systematic literature review. Journal of Economic Sociology-Ekonomicheskaya Sotsiologiya, 21(5), 138-167. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1726-3247-2020-5-138-168.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.18559/ref.2023.2.954