Social Protection in Times of Plague and Beyond

• Autorzy: Krzysztof Hagemejer

Warianty tytułu

Zabezpieczenie społeczne w czasach zarazy i po niej

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Introduction: As historically verified, countries with comprehensive, well designed social protection systems in place are better prepared to cope with large scale catastrophes of all kinds, always in such situation there is still a need for government interventions other than social protection and larger scale discretionary social protection or related interventions.
Objective: The article presents the actions of countries to minimize the negative social effects of the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic. The text is an attempt to answer how social security systems should be adapted to aforementioned crisis?
Materials and methods: The text uses research methods such as: literature criticism and statistical analysis of data and revision of implemented state intervention policies based on reports of Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, International Labour Organizaton, European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions and International Monetary Fund.
Results: 1) For social security institutions of key importance to ensure continuity of operations of all services - of contributory social insurance as well of social assistance - was to ensure continuous payment of all benefits due and quick response to the new entitlement emerging. It is also necessary to ensure that all citizens are fully insured, regardless of the form of contract under which they perform work. 2) In many countries, special emergency measures that extended coverage and increased benefits were taken by governments without clearly identifying the sources of funding and very often burdening social security funds with non-statutory expenses and affecting their long-term financial sustainability. 3) In the longer run, there is a need to ensure universal health care coverage of the adequate quality, there is a need to develop policies which will secure at least minimum income security to all - independently of their labour market status, forms of employment, sex, ethnicity or nationality.(original abstract)

Wprowadzenie: Jak zweryfikowała historia, kraje o kompleksowym, dobrze zaprojektowanym systemie zabezpieczenia społecznego są lepiej przygotowane do radzenia sobie z wszelkimi wielkimi katastrofami, zawsze bowiem w takiej sytuacji potrzeba interwencji rządowych, innych niż zabezpieczenie społeczne, szeroko zakrojone uznaniowe zabezpieczenie społeczne lub powiązane z tym przedsięwzięcia.
Cel: W artykule przedstawiono działania krajów minimalizujące negatywne społeczne skutki pandemii COVID-19. Tekst jest próbą odpowiedzi na pytanie, w jaki sposób systemy zabezpieczenia społecznego powinny być dostosowane do wspomnianego kryzysu.
Materiały i metody: W tekście zastosowano metody badawcze takie jak: krytyka literatury, analiza statystyczna danych i przegląd realizowanych państwowych polityk interwencyjnych na podstawie raportów Organizacji Współpracy Gospodarczej i Rozwoju (Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development), Międzynarodowej Organizacji Pracy (International Labour Organisation), Europejskiej Fundacji na rzecz Poprawy Warunków Życia i Pracy (European Foundation for the Improvement of Living) oraz Międzynarodowego Funduszu Walutowego (International Monetary Fund).
Wyniki: 1) Dla instytucji zabezpieczenia społecznego kluczowe znaczenie, aby zapewnić stałe działanie każdej usługi: składkowego ubezpieczenia społecznego, jak i pomocy społecznej, miały zagwarantowanie ciągłości wypłaty wszystkich należnych świadczeń oraz szybka reakcja na pojawienie się nowego uprawnienia. Należy również zadbać, aby wszyscy obywatele byli w pełni ubezpieczeni, niezależnie od formy ich zatrudnienia. 2) W wielu krajach rządy podjęły nadzwyczajne środki o rozszerzonym zakresie i zwiększyły świadczenia, ale bez wyraźnego wskazania źródeł finansowania - bardzo często obciążając tym samym fundusze zabezpieczenia społecznego pozaustawowymi wydatkami, co wpłynęło na ich długookresową stabilność finansową. 3) Na przyszłość trzeba zapewnić powszechną opiekę zdrowotną na odpowiednim poziomie, a także opracować polityki, które zapewnią wszystkim przynajmniej minimalnie zabezpieczenie dochodu - nie- zależnie od ich statusu na rynku pracy, formy zatrudnienia, płci, pochodzenia etnicznego czy narodowości.(abstrakt oryginalny)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Money transfer; Social security system; Social assistance; COVID-19; Pandemic

PL

Transfer pieniężny; Zabezpieczenie społeczne; Pomoc społeczna; COVID-19; Pandemia

• Czasopismo: Ubezpieczenia Społeczne. Teoria i praktyka
• Rocznik: 2023
• Numer: nr 1 (156)
• Strony: 11--33

Twórcy

autor

Krzysztof Hagemejer

• Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sigg, Bonn, Germany; Collegium Civitas; University of Warsaw, Poland

Bibliografia

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Identyfikatory

DOI

10.5604/01.3001.0053.4173