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2021 | nr 2(16) | 91--103
Tytuł artykułu

Re-Evaluating Sharpe Ratio in Hedge Fund Performance in Light of Liquidity Risk

Treść / Zawartość
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
This paper demonstrates how the Sharpe Ratio can be modified by altering the measure of "total risk" in the denominator of the Sharpe Ratio (i.e., the standard deviation) to include liquidity risk, a major risk for investors in hedge funds that is missing from the standard Sharpe Ratio formulation. We refer to our liquidity-risk-adjusted performance ratio as the LRAPR. The results of our analysis of 1186 hedge funds alive in 2012-2020 show that funds with higher liquidity risk exhibit higher Sharpe Ratios and higher Alphas (as estimated in a 7-factor model that does not incorporate liquidity risk). We posit that analysts and investors should not necessarily take these higher Sharpe Ratios and higher Alphas as indications of fund superiority; what appears to be superior manager skill may rather be a compensation for bearing liquidity risk. Our LRAPR is a tool that analysts or investors could use to compare funds on a more equal footing, adjusting for differential liquidity risk across funds. (original abstract)
Rocznik
Numer
Strony
91--103
Opis fizyczny
Twórcy
  • Poznań University of Economics, Poland
  • Poznań University of Economics, Poland
Bibliografia
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  • 4. Brandon, R. G., & Wang, S. (2013). Liquidity risk, return predictability, and hedge funds' performance: An empirical study. Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 48(1), 219-244. https://doi.org/10.1017/ S0022109012000634
  • 5. Brooks, C., & Kat, H. M. (2002). The Statistical Properties of Hedge Fund Index Returns and Their Implications for Investors. The Journal of Alternative Investments, 5(2), 26-44. https://doi.org/10.3905/JAI.2002.319053
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  • 8. Chen, J., Wu, W., & Tindall, M. L. (2016). Hedge Fund Return Prediction and Fund Selection: A Machine-Learning Approach. Financial Industry Studies Department, Dallas Fed, November. https://www.dallasfed.org/banking/ fis/~/media/documents/banking/occasional/1604.pdf
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  • 12. Fung, W., & Hsieh, D. A. (2007). Will Hedge Funds Regress Towards Index-Like Products? Journal of Investment Management, 5(2), 56-80. https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=989612
  • 13. Getmansky, M., Lo, A. W., & Makarov, I. (2004). An econometric model of serial correlation and illiquidity in hedge fund returns. Journal of Financial Economics, 74(3), 529-609. https://econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:jfinec: v:74:y:2004:i:3:p:529-609
  • 14. Jensen, M. C. (1969). Risk, The Pricing of Capital Assets, and The Evaluation of Investment Portfolios. The Journal of Business, 42(2), 167-247. https://doi.org/10.1086/295182
  • 15. Khandani, A. E., & Lo, A. W. (2011). Illiquidity Premia in Asset Returns: An Empirical Analysis of Hedge Funds, Mutual Funds, and US Equity Portfolios. Quarterly Journal of Finance, 1(2), 205-264. https://doi.org/10.1142/ S2010139211000080
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  • 18. Li, C., Li, B., & Tee, K. H. (2020). Are hedge funds active market liquidity timers? International Review of Financial Analysis, 67, 101415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irfa.2019.101415
  • 19. Liang, B. (1999). On the Performance of Hedge Funds. Financial Analysts Journal, 55(4), 72-85. https://doi. org/10.2469/faj.v55.n4.2287
  • 20. Lo, A. W. (2002). The Statistics of Sharpe Ratios. Financial Analysts Journal, 58(4), 36-52. https://doi.org/10.2469/ faj.v58.n4.2453
  • 21. Luo, J., Tee, K. H., & Li, B. (2017). Timing liquidity in the foreign exchange market: Did hedge funds do it? Journal of Multinational Financial Management, 40, 47-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mulfin.2017.04.001
  • 22. Mahdavi, M. (2004). Risk-Adjusted Return When Returns Are Not Normally Distributed. The Journal of Alternative Investments, 6(4), 47-57. https://doi.org/10.3905/JAI.2004.391063
  • 23. Pástor, Ľ., & Stambaugh, R. F. (2003). Liquidity risk and expected stock returns. Journal of Political Economy, 111(3), 642-685. https://doi.org/10.1086/374184
  • 24. Sadka, R. (2010). Liquidity risk and the cross-section of hedge-fund returns. Journal of Financial Economics, 98(1), 54-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2010.05.001
  • 25. Sadka, R. (2012). Hedge-Fund Performance and Liquidity Risk. Journal of Investment Management, 10, 60-72. https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2072774
  • 26. Schuhmacher, F., & Eling, M. (2011). Sufficient conditions for expected utility to imply drawdown-based performance rankings. Journal of Banking and Finance, 35(9), 2311-2318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2011.01.031
  • 27. Schuhmacher, F., & Eling, M. (2012). A decision-theoretic foundation for reward-to-risk performance measures. Journal of Banking & Finance, 36(7), 2077-2082. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JBANKFIN.2012.03.013
  • 28. Sharpe, W. F. (1966). Mutual Fund Performance. The Journal of Business, 39(S1), 119. https://doi.org/10.1086/294846
  • 29. Sharpe, W. F. (1994). The Sharpe Ratio. The Journal of Portfolio Management, 21(1), 49-58. https://doi.org/10.3905/ jpm.1994.409501
  • 30. Siegmann, A., & Stefanova, D. (2017). The evolving beta-liquidity relationship of hedge funds. Journal of Empirical Finance, 44, 286-303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jempfin.2017.04.002
  • 31. Stulz, R. M. (2007). Hedge funds: Past, present, and future. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 21(2), 175-194. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.21.2.175
  • 32. Zakamouline, V., & Koekebakker, S. (2009). Portfolio performance evaluation with generalized Sharpe ratios: Beyond the mean and variance. Journal of Banking & Finance, 33(7), 1242-1254. https://doi.org/10.1016/J. JBANKFIN.2009.01.005
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
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Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.ekon-element-000171682708

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