PL EN


Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników
2022 | nr 1(17) | 74--97
Tytuł artykułu

What Determines the Quality of Remuneration Policy in Financial Holding Companies? An Analysis Based on the Example of the UniCredit Group

Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
This study seeks to examine the quality of the remuneration policy (RP) and identify its main determinants within a financial holding company (FHC) - the UniCredit Group. The results show that the quality of remuneration policy in the examined FHC was low. Although the dominant bank is characterized by high remuneration policy standards, the rest of the group is not. The empirical approaches used show that remuneration policy quality was positively related to the size of the bank and the transparency index of the remuneration policy, but negatively affected by the selected corporate governance determinants. (original abstract)
Rocznik
Numer
Strony
74--97
Opis fizyczny
Twórcy
  • University of Łódź
  • University of Łódź
Bibliografia
  • 1. Adams, R., & Mehran, H. (2003, April). Is corporate governance different for bank holding companies?. FRBNY Economic Policy Review, 123-142. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.387561
  • 2. Aduda, J. (2011). The relationship between executive compensation and firm performance in the Kenyan banking sector. Journal of Accounting and Taxation, 3(6), 130-139. https://doi.org/10.5897/JAT11.009
  • 3. Aktan, B., Turen, S., Tvaronavičienė, M., Celik, S., & Alsadeh, H.A. (2018). Corporate governance and performance of the financial forms in Bahrain. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 17(1), 39-58. https://doi.org/10.17512/ pjms.2018.17.1.04
  • 4. Allen, F., Gu, X.,& Kowalewski, O. (2013). Corporate governance and intra-group transactions in European bank holding companies during the crisis. Global Banking, Financial Markets and Crises. International Finance Review, 14, 365-431. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1569-3767(2013)0000014016
  • 5. Anderson, R., Mansi, S., & Reeb, D. (2004). Board characteristics, accounting report integrity, and the cost of debt. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 37(3), 315-342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacceco.2004.01.004
  • 6. Angbazo, L., & Narayanan, R. (1997). Top management compensation and the structure of the board of directors in commercial banks. European Finance Review, 1, 239-259. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009760306445
  • 7. Ashcraft, A.B. (2008). Are bank holding companies a source of strength to their banking subsidiaries?. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 40(2-3), 273-294. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-4616.2008.00113.x
  • 8. Avraham, D., Selvaggi, P., & Vickery, J. (2012, July). A structural view of U.S. bank holding companies. FRBNY Economic Policy Review, 65-81. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2118036
  • 9. Axworthy, S. (1988). Corporate directors. Who needs them?. The Modern Law Review, 51(3), 273-295. https://doi. org/10.1111/j.1468-2230.1988.tb01757.x
  • 10. Baltagi, B. (2008). Econometric analysis of panel data. John Wiley & Sons.
  • 11. Barajas, A., Cosimano, T., Hakura, D., & Roelands, S. (2015). The role of bank capital in bank holding companies' decisions (IMF Working Paper WP/15/57). https://doi.org/10.5089/9781498372237.001
  • 12. Barro, J.R., & Barro, R.J. (1990). Pay, performance, and turnover of bank CEOs. Journal of Labor Economics, 8(4), 448-481. https://doi.org/10.1086/298230
  • 13. Becht, M., Bolton, P., & Roell, A. (2011). Why bank governance is different. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 27(3), 437-463. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxrep/grr024
  • 14. Burghof, H.P., & Hofmann, C. (2000). Executives' compensation of European banks. Disclosure, sensitivity, and their impact on bank performance (Munich Business Research Paper No. 2000-01. https://doi.org/10.2139/ ssrn.237250
  • 15. Cadbury, A. (1992). The financial aspects of corporate governance (Cadbury Report). The Committee on the Financial Aspect of Corporate Governance (The Cadbury Committee) and Gee and Co, Ltd. https://doi. org/10.1111/j.1467-8683.1993.tb00002.x
  • 16. Cerasi, V., Deininger, S.M., Gambacorta, L., & Oliviero, T. (2020). How post-crisis regulation has affected bank CEO compensation. Journal of International Money and Finance, 104(6), 102-153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. jimonfin.2020.102153
  • 17. Chu, S., Lawrence, M., & Stapledon, G. (2006, December). Trends in ASX - Listed bank governance. Economic Papers (Special Edition). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-3441.2006.tb00413.x
  • 18. Coles, J., Daniel, N., & Naveen, L. (2005). Boards: Does one size fit all? (Arizona State University Working Paper). https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.665746
  • 19. Cuong, L.K. (2021). Are financial holding companies' subsidiaries riskier than bank holding companies' affiliates?. International Review of Economics & Finance, 76, 1025-1033. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2021.07.019
  • 20. Davis, K. (2012). Bank capital adequacy: Where to now. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/ publication/228584398. https://doi.org/10.4337/9780857935335.00010
  • 21. de Andrés, P., Reig, R., & Vallelado, E. (2019). European banks' executive remuneration under the new European Union regulation. Journal of Economic Policy Reform, 22(3), 208-225. https://doi.org/10.1080/17487870.201 8.1424630
  • 22. Demsetz, R.S., & Saidenberg, M.R. (1999). Looking beyond the CEO: Executive compensation at banks. In FRB of New York Staff Report no. 68 (pp. 1-36). https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.163172
  • 23. Diaz, B.D., García-Ramos, R., & Olalla, M.G. (2020). Does regulating remuneration affect the market value of European Union banks? Large versus small/medium sized banks. Regulation & Governance, 14, 150-164. https://doi.org/10.1111/rego.12175
  • 24. Doucouliagos, H., Haman, J., & Askary, S. (2007). Directors' remuneration and performance in Australian banking. Corporate Governance, 15(6), 1363-1383. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8683.2007.00651.x
  • 25. EBA. (2013). Guidelines on disclosure requirements under Part Eight of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013.
  • 26. EBA. (2015). Guidelines on sound remuneration policies under Articles 74(3) and 75(2) of Directive 2013/36/EU and disclosures under Article 450 of Regulation (EU) No 575/201.
  • 27. Ellul, A., & Yerramilli, V. (2013). Stronger risk controls, lower risk: Evidence from U.S. bank holding companies. Journal of Finance, 68(5), 1757-1803 https://doi.org/10.1111/jofi.12057
  • 28. EU. (2010). Green Paper. Corporate governance in financial institutions and remuneration policies. Retrieved from https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2010:0284:FIN:EN:PDF
  • 29. EU. (2011). Green Paper. The EU corporate governance framework. Retrieved from https://op.europa.eu/en/ publication-detail/-/publication/3eed7997-d40b-4984-8080-31d7c4e91fb2/language-en
  • 30. Firstenberg, P., & Malkiel, B. (1994). The twenty-first century boardroom: Who will be in charge?. Sloan Management Review, 36(1), 27-35.
  • 31. Flood, M.D., Kenett, D.Y., Lumsdaine, R.L., & Simon, J.K. (2020). The complexity of bank holding companies: A topological approach. Journal of Banking and Finance, 118, 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. jbankfin.2020.105789
  • 32. Fortin, R., Goldberg, G.M., & Roth, G. (2010). Bank risk taking at the onset of the current banking crisis. The Financial Review, 45, 891-913. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6288.2010.00277.x
  • 33. FSB. (2018, March 9). Supplementary guidance to the FSB principles and standards on sound compensation practices. Retrieved from https://www.fsb.org/wp-content/uploads/P090318-1.pdf
  • 34. Gajewski, D. (2013). The holding company as an instrument of companies' tax-financial policy formation. Contemporary Economics, 7(1), 75-82. https://doi.org/10.5709/ce.1897-9254.75
  • 35. Goetz, M., Laeven, L., & Levine, R. (2012). The valuation effects of geographic diversification: Evidence from U.S. banks (IMF Working Paper WP/12/50). https://doi.org/10.5089/9781463937119.001
  • 36. Gropp, R., & Heider, F. (2010). The determinants of bank capital structure. Review of Finance, 14, 587-622. https:// doi.org/10.1093/rof/rfp030
  • 37. Hermalin, B.E., & Weisbach, M.S. (2003). Boards of directors as an endogenously determined institution: A survey of the economic literature. Economic Policy Review, 9(1), 7-26.
  • 38. Jiangli, W., & Pritsker, M. (2008). The impacts of securitization on US bank holding companies. https://doi. org/10.2139/ssrn.1102284
  • 39. Klein, A. (2002). Economic determinants of audit committee independence. The Accounting Review, 77(2), 435-452. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr.2002.77.2.435
  • 40. Klepczarek, E. (2015). Determinants of European banks' capital adequacy. Comparative Economic Research, 18(4), 81-98. https://doi.org/10.1515/cer-2015-0030
  • 41. Laietu, A., & Mellado, C.A. (2009). Compensation and company performance within the banking sector - A case study on chief executive officer compensation in relation to company performance measures [Bachelor thesis in economics, Mälardalen University School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology].
  • 42. Le, C.H.A., Shan, Y., & Taylor, S. (2020). Executive compensation and financial performance measures: Evidence from significant financial institutions. Australian Accounting Review, 30(94), 159-177. https://doi.org/10.1111/ auar.12315
  • 43. Livne, G., Markarian, G., & Milne, A. (2011). Bankers' compensation and fair value accounting. Journal of Corporate Finance, 17(4), 1096-1115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2011.04.010
  • 44. Luo, Y., & Jackson, D.O. (2012). Executive compensation, ownership structure and firm performance in Chinese financial corporation. Global Business and Finance Review (Spring), 56-74. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1893554
  • 45. Marcinkowska, M. (2014). Remuneration of bank managers - Problems and potential solutions. Argumenta Oeconomica, 1(32), 41-74.
  • 46. Mayo, R.P. (1980). Utilizing the bank holding company. Economic Perspectives. Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.
  • 47. Minnick, K., Unal, H., & Yang, Y. (2011). Pay for performance? CEO compensation and acquirer returns in BHCs. The Review of Financial Studies, 24(2), 439-472. https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhq107
  • 48. OECD. (2015, September). G20/OECD principles of corporate governance. https://doi.org/10.1002/bl.30032
  • 49. Olszewska, G.A. (2015). Financial holding company as a means for pursuing development strategy for banks on the united states market. Central European Review of Economics & Finance, 10(4), 117-131
  • 50. Raykov, R., & Silva-Buston, C. (2020). Holding company affiliation and bank stability: Evidence from the US banking sector. Journal of Corporate Finance, 65, 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2020.101739
  • 51. Słomka-Gołębiowska, A., & Urbanek, P. (2013). How (if any) uniform corporate governance measures matter for executive compensation practice at closely-held banks. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2333062
  • 52. Słomka-Gołębiowska, A., & Urbanek, P. (2015a). Wpływ nadzoru korporacyjnego na transparentność polityki wynagradzania kadry kierowniczej w bankach w Polsce. Gospodarka Narodowa, 4, 137-157. https://doi. org/10.33119/GN/100842
  • 53. Słomka-Gołębiowska, A., & Urbanek, P. (2015b). Corporate governance, blockholders and disclosure of executive remuneration policy: evidence from banking industry in Poland. Retrieved from https:// www.researchgate.net/publication/285583465_Corporate_governance_foreign_blockholders_ and_disclosure_of_executive_remuneration_policy_in_Poland/link/5660168508ae1ef929857233/ download
  • 54. Stiroh, K.J., & Rumble, A. (2006). The dark side of diversification: The case of U.S. financial holding companies. Journal of Banking & Finance, 30(8), 2131-2161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2005.04.030
  • 55. Swamy, V. (2012). Financial holding company structure for India (IBS - Hyderabad MPRA Paper No. 47515). https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2136365
  • 56. Vo, D.H., & Nguyen, T.M. (2014). The impact of corporate governance on firm performance: Empirical study in Vietnam. International Journal of Economics and Finance, 6(6), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v6n6p1
  • 57. Windmeijer, F. (2005). A finite sample correction for the variance of linear efficient two-step GMM estimators. Journal of Econometrics, 126(1), 25-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2004.02.005
  • 58. Wooldridge, J.M. (2010). Econometric analysis of cross-section and panel data. MIT Press.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikatory
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.ekon-element-000171682922

Zgłoszenie zostało wysłane

Zgłoszenie zostało wysłane

Musisz być zalogowany aby pisać komentarze.
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.